• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.161-169
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• 2017

The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) is a general human error framework originally developed and tested within the U.S. military as a tool for investigating and analyzing the human causes of aviation accidents. Based upon Reason's (1990) model of latent and active failures, HFACS addresses human error at all levels of the system, including the condition of aircrew and organizational factors. As a result, this study aims to examine the influence between the latent conditions based on HFACS. This study seeks to verify the factors of "Organizational Influence" effecting the "Precondition for Unsafe Acts" of HFACS. The results of empirical analysis demonstrated that the organizational influence had a positive influence on precondition for unsafe act, especially the "Organizational Climate" of organizational influence had even greater influence on precondition for unsafe acts.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2011

Refactoring has been actively used in recent software developments. Many studies on the processing of more large scaled composite refactorings have been conducted through the composition of elementary refactorings. It is important to verify the possibility of composition before the refactoring is performed, because the composite refactorings are processed to the sequence of composed elementary refactorings. In conventional studies, they verify the possibility of composition using the precondition of composite refactorings which are computed from the precondition and postcondition of elementary refactorings. They can not verify the possibility of composition in case which composite refactorings do not have a specification of precondition. Thus, we plan to verify the possibility of composition by using the elementary refactorings only without any additional definitions of the preconditions of composite refactorings. To achieve this goal, we proposes a specification method of elementary refactorings and a method for the composition check of refactorings. Then, we develop a prototype tool based on these methods. In addition, we verify the efficiency of our methods through case studies.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2013

Purpose: The planning and design of hospital generally requires the participation and consultation of skilled experts since it has more complex space program than any other buildings. Therefore, the BIM systems for the planning of hospital have been tried continuously. The purpose of this study is to identify the precondition for space Program validation of healthcare architecture based on BIM, which is recently receiving wide attention. Method: For this study, United States, Australia and Finland's guidelines were analyzed among the description space program validation system in 14 overseas BIM Guidelines. And the propose precondition that can be applied to healthcare architecture from among these description of space program validation items, target, process etc for General building. Result: 1) spatial program validation is the following four evaluation phase. Step 1: Standard setting phase Step 2: BIM model accuracy assessment phase Step 3: space validation phase Step 4: Performance evaluation phase 2) The standards for the building elements at Standards Setting stage is considered to the standards for the architectural elements of General building. 3) Healthcare Architecture Area calculation method is considered to be reasonable that borrowing the area calculation standard of general architecture according to the UIA of international standards. However, Be proposed of measuring method that reflect the efficiency of the design process step-by-step area calculation method. The performance assessment indicators of reflect the Hospital uniqueness have to developed. And the research needs to be carried out continuously according to the purpose for healthcare architecture of feature-oriented. Implications: In this paper like to understanding that precondition of space program validation considering the BIM. As a result, understanding to condition about step of the evaluation, the evaluation standards. Is expected to keep the focus on the development of performance indicators that reflect the uniqueness of the hospital for the efficient evaluation of the Hospital building.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.45-52
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• 2012

CC does not Contain detailed instructions about evaluation document. So, we must develop document schema to make CC-based evaluation system. In this report, we developed document schema that can be used in CC-based evaluation system. We devloped document schema and DTD that applying Weakest precondition function, reduction rules about amount of document and dependancy analysis document from assurance class within CC. Approach of this study can be applied to develop document and DTD that can be used in evaluation system of software quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.666-670
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• 2008

The low-speed preconditioning technique is applied to solve the compressible Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations for low-speed flows. The space discretization is based on Roe's flux-difference splitting with third-order-accurate MUSCL extrapolation. Time integration is performed employing a diagonal approximate factorization algorithm. The dual-time stepping has been incorporated to solve the unsteady flows. Full multigrid method is implemented to accelerate the convergence rate. To verify the algorithms several cases have been tested. Demonstrated the improvement on convergence and quality of the solution.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1010-1017
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• 1999

불완전한 계획 영역 이론은 오류 영역(noisy domain)에서 하나의 상태에 상반된 연산자들이 적용되는 불일치성 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문은 상태를 기술하기 위해 다치 논리를 도입하여 제어지식으로서의 부정적 선행조건을 학습하는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 기계에는 알려지지 않은 이러한 제어지식이 인간에게는 반대개념으로 잠재적으로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 잠재된 개념을 학습하기 위해 본 논문은 반대 연산자들로 구성된 사이클을 영역이론으로부터 기계적으로 생성하고, 이 연산자들에 대한 실험을 통해 반대 리터럴(literal)들을 추출한다. 학습된 규칙은 불일치성을 방지하면서 동시에 중복된 선행조건을 제거하여 연산자를 단순화시킬 수 있다.Abstract An incomplete planning domain theory can cause an inconsistency problem in a noisy domain, allowing two opposite operators to be applied to a state. To solve the problem, we present a novel method to learn a negative precondition as control knowledge by introducing a three-valued logic for state description. However, even though the control knowledge is unknown to a machine, it is implicitly known as opposite concept to a human. To learn the implicit concept, we mechanically generate a cycle composed of opposite operators from a domain theory and extract opposite literals through experimenting the operators. A learned rule can simplify the operator by removing a redundant precondition while preventing inconsistency.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2004

A new display device is required, which has concepts of flatness and slimness. FED can be one of the solutions. When we use flat panel, we can save the raw material and reduce the production time by eliminating the printing process, drying process, and washing process. In this case, good panel flatness and consistency with panel flatness and black matrix is the precondition. Therefor, we analyzed process capability of panel flatness and regression between panel flatness and BM position by experiments.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.5_6
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• pp.1067-1074
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• 2011

In this paper, a preconditioned mixed-type splitting iterative method for solving the linear systems Ax = b is presented, where A is a Z-matrix. Then we also obtain some results to show that the rate of convergence of our method is faster than that of the preconditioned AOR (PAOR) iterative method and preconditioned SOR (PSOR) iterative method. Finally, we give one numerical example to illustrate our results.

• 연구논문집
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• s.26
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• pp.57-68
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• 1996

Recently, a lot of researches on material handling system are actively studied for realization of FA(Factory Automation), FMS(Flexible Manufacturing System) and CIM(Computer Integrated Manufacturing). Management and application of material handling system are precondition technologies playing an important part in integration of production system including manufacturing. assemhly, and inspection cell. In this paper, the general situation of automation technology is investigated and technology level is analyzed in comparision with an advanced country. And the operation trend and part of material handling system including AS/RS, AGV, and Conveyor, are studied. And also technologies related to material handling system in the inside and outside of the country are studied.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.5_6
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• pp.1409-1418
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• 2010

In this paper, we present a preconditioned iterative method for solving linear systems Ax = b, where A is a Z-matrix. We give some comparison theorems to show that the rate of convergence of the new preconditioned iterative method is faster than the rate of convergence of the previous preconditioned iterative method. Finally, we give one numerical example to show that our results are true.