• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.77-94
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• 2006

이 연구는 가격을 품질의 지표로 사용하는 상황의 가격반응함수를 도출하여 다음과 같은 연구를 수행하였다. 첫째, 다속성 선택기준의 조합을 이용하여 세분시장별로 가격을 품질의 지표로 사용하는 하위집단과 그렇지 않은 하위집단을 추출하였고, 둘째, 기존연구에서 사용된 분석단위인 제품이나 상표에서 벗어나 세분시장을 분석단위로 하여 가격이 품질의 지표로 사용되는 세분시장을 확인하였다. 이를 위해 첫째, 중국의 홈씨어터 시장을 대상으로 CBC(choice-based conjoint analysis)를 통해 얻어진 자료를 혼합회귀분석(mixture regression model)에 의해 시장 세분화하였고, 그 결과 표본전체시장 및 세개의 세분시장에서 가격을 품질의 지표로 사용하는 독특한 가격반응함수를 가진 세분시장을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 학술적으로는 가격-품질 평가집단 연구의 범위를 세분시장별로 확대하고, 실무적으로는 실무종사자는 가격-품질 평가가 이루어지는 가격대보다 높은 가격을 시장에 제시함으로써 이익을 더 많이 취할 수 있게 되는 장점을 기대하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권9_10호
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• pp.1273-1281
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• 2004

가격반응함수는 각 가격대별로 판매량의 변화를 추적한 함수이다. 가격에 판매량을 곱하면 판매량이 되고, 여기에 비용을 차감하면 이익이 된다. 따라서 가격반응함수는 상표나 제품의 이익을 최대로 하는 가격을 찾는 바탕이다 컨조인트분석은 고객시각에서 가격반응함수를 도출하는데 신뢰성 높은 방법으로 적극적으로 권해지고 있으나, 고려상표군을 고려하지 못한다는 단점이 지적되어 왔다 이 연구는 고려상표군을 측정할 수 있는 컨조인트분석의 한 변종으로 2단계 컨조인트분석을 개발하여 미국의 한 도시의 청바지 시장에 적용하였다. 그 결과, 고려상표군 정보를 가진 가격반응함수와 그렇지 않은 가격반응함수 간의 특정가격대별 선택확률과 가격탄력성에 차이가 발생함이 발견되었다. 고려상표군 형성이 소비자의 구매의사결정과정의 한 단계임을 고려할 때, 고려상표군 정보를 가진 가격반응함수로 소비자의 가격반응을 추적하는 것이 필요함이 이 연구를 통해 실증되었다.

• 복식
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2014

In cases of fashion businesses operating by consignment, base estimate on quantity of sales is the most essential part of merchandising. This study classified factors influential to sales into factors with systematic influence and factors with unsystematic influence. In order to find out influence of each factor on sales, non-linear regression was used with SPSS package on the basis of actual data on sales for 5 years for sport shoes brand. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, price level had significant negative(-) influence on sales. Second, price expectation effects had significant negative(-) influence on sales. Third, competitor's price effect showed significant negative(-) value. Fourth, day-of-the-week effect showed significant positive(+) effect. The theoretical marketing implications of this study are as follows. First, study on price leads to expansion of the researches from apparels to sport shoes. Field of study on price was enlarged through expansion of variable of study from price level and price expectation effect to promotion, day-of-the-week effect and rainfall effect. Second, quantitative scale of day-of-the-week effect was found and it could be confirmed that there was seasonal differences with day-of-the-week effect. Implications of above findings on marketing managers are as follows. First, it was found that an increase in competitiveness of brand power and a decline in absolute value of competitor's price effect can be realized when new product groups are developed to meet the unsatisfied needs in the market. Second, it was possible to find out the parameters scales of the price response function, making it possible to estimate sales for the next season, and in turn realize increase in rate of sales and profit rate. This research is based on the dynamic price response function, which is rare to find in the apparel business and it academic significance due to its expanding response model which was focused on price in conventional researches to non-systematic variables.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1605-1614
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the consumers who use the level of price as the indicator of the product quality. In order to implement the purpose of this study, Jeans market had been segmented by the mixture regression model, and price response function was calibrated for each segment. Based on the types of price response function, segments were allocated into one of two groups; the group using the level of price as the quality indicator or the group not using the level of price as that. Then, characteristics of both groups were compared in terms of product attributes and demographic variables. Data were co]looted from the sample of the 23o undergraduate and graduate students in Seoul. For the data analysis, mixture regression model, conjoint analysis, and t-test were used. As a result, jeans market was divided into 5 segments. Segment 1,2,3 were allocated into the group not using the level of price as the quality indicator while segment 4,5 were done into the other group. Significant differences existed between two groups in product attributes, not in demographic variables. Mixture model and conjoint analysis were proved to be an effective set of tools in market segmentation.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2016

Garlic and onion are staple agricultural products to Koreans and also are important with regard to agricultural producers' income. These products' acreage responses are highly correlated with each other. Therefore, it is necessary to test whether there is a cointegration relationship between garlic acreage and onion acreage when one tries to estimate the acreage response's function. Based upon the test result of cointegration, it is confirmed that there is no statistically significant cointegration relationship between garlic acreage and onion acreage. In this case, vector autoregressive model is preferred to vector error correction model. This study investigated the dynamic relationship between garlic and onion acreage responses using vector autoregressive (VAR) model. The estimated results of VAR acreage response models show that there is a statistically significant relationship between current and lagged acreage of more than one lag. Therefore, it is recommended that government should consider the long-run period's relationship of each product's acreage when it plans a policy for stabilizing the supply and demand of garlic and onion. For the price variables, garlic price only affects garlic acreage response while onion price affects not only onion acreage response but also garlic acreage response. This implies that the stabilizing policy for onion price could have bigger effects than that for garlic price stabilization.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.93-120
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• 2009

인터넷 비즈니스의 특징적인 장점 중의 하나는 콘텐츠를 실시간으로 서비스 할 수 있다는점이다. 현재 여러 가지 콘텐츠 서비스가 인터넷상에 등장하고 있지만 비즈니스 모델 측면에서는 아직 확정되지 않은 부분이 많고 특히 콘텐츠의 서비스와 관련해서는 실제적으로 콘텐츠 서비스를 통한 직접적인 수익보다는 광고를 통한 수익이 주가 되고 있어 콘텐츠만을 통한 수익의 창출은 쉽지 않은 것으로 알려져 있다. 상품 제조 원가에 근거해서 가격을 산출하거나 희소성에 의해서 가격이 결정되는 전통적인 제조업의 가격산정 패러다임을 인터넷 콘텐츠의 서비스에 적용하는 데는 문제점이 많아 현재로서는 인터넷 콘텐츠 서비스 가격의 산정 근거를 확보하는 데는 어려움이 많다. 따라서 콘텐츠 가격 산정에 관해서는 소비자의 선호도를 중심으로 분석하는 연구들이 진행되고 있으며 본 연구에서도 이러한 맥락에서 콘텐츠 가격산정의 근거로서 콘텐츠의 속성에 대한 소비자의 선호도를 분석하여 인터넷 콘텐츠의 가격반응함수들을 선호도에 맞추어서 도출하여 보았다. 일차적으로 인터넷 영화관을 대상으로 사용자들이 서비스를 선택할 때 가장 고려하는 속성들을 도출하였고 각개 속성들의 수준에 따른 프로파일들을 구성하고 사용자들을 대상으로 자료를 수집하여 컨조인트 분석을 해서 가격함수를 추정하였다. 이어서 선형 곱셈 유인 구텐베르그 모델 중 가장 적합한 모델을 추정하고 독점 영역과의 관계를 살펴봄으로써 각 기업들이 서비스의 가격을 책정함에 있어서 가장 수익성 높고 적합한 전략을 설정할 수 있도록 방향을 제시하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2013

Purpose - This study examines the impact of oil price volatility on economic activities in Korea. The new millennium has seen a deregulation in the crude oil market, which invited immense capital inflow into Korea. It has also raised oil price levels and volatility. Drawing on the recent theoretical literature that emphasizes the role of volatility, this paper attends to the asymmetric changes in economic growth in response to the oil price movement. This study further examines several key macroeconomic variables, such as interest rate, production, and inflation. We come to the conclusion that oil price volatility can, in some part, explain the structural changes. Research design, data, and methodology - We use two methodological frameworks in this study. First, in regards to the oil price uncertainty, we use an Exponential-GARCH (Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity: EGARCH) model estimate to elucidate the asymmetric effect of oil price shock on the conditional oil price volatility. Second, along with the estimation of the conditional volatility by the EGARCH model, we use the estimates in a VECM (Vector Error Correction Model). The study thus examines the dynamic impacts of oil price volatility on industrial production, price levels, and monetary policy responses. We also approximate the monetary policy function by the yield of monetary stabilization bond. The data collected for the study ranges from 1990: M1 to 2013: M7. In the VECM analysis section, the time span is split into two sub-periods; one from 1990 to 1999, and another from 2000 to 2013, due to the U.S. CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission) deregulation on the crude oil futures that became effective in 2000. This paper intends to probe the relationship between oil price uncertainty and macroeconomic variables since the structural change in the oil market became effective. Results and Conclusions - The dynamic impulse response functions obtained from the VECM show a prolonged dampening effect of oil price volatility shock on the industrial production across all sub-periods. We also find that inflation measured by CPI rises by one standard deviation shock in response to oil price uncertainty, and lasts for the ensuing period. In addition, the impulse response functions allude that South Korea practices an expansionary monetary policy in response to oil price shocks, which stems from oil price uncertainty. Moreover, a comparison of the results of the dynamic impulse response functions from the two sub-periods suggests that the dynamic relationships have strengthened since 2000. Specifically, the results are most drastic in terms of industrial production; the impact of oil price volatility shocks has more than doubled from the year 2000 onwards. These results again indicate that the relationships between crude oil price uncertainty and Korean macroeconomic activities have been strengthened since the year2000, which resulted in a structural change in the crude oil market due to the deregulation of the crude oil futures.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.436-445
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• 2013

The use of a demand response controller is necessary for electric devices to effectively respond to time varying price signals and to achieve the benefits of cost reduction. This paper describes a new formulation with the form of constrained optimization for designing an optimal demand response controller. It is demonstrated that constrained optimization is a better approach for the demand response controller, in terms of the ambiguity of device operation and the practicality of implementation of the optimal control law. This paper also proposes a design scheme to construct a demand response controller that is useful when a system controller is already adapted or optimized for the system. The design separates the demand response function from the original system control function while leaving the system control law unchanged. The proposed formulation is simulated and compared to the system with simple dynamics. The effects of the constraints, the system characteristics and the electricity price are examined further.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2017

Social Welfare is useful concept for evaluating the effectiveness of an economic policy in micro economics. This paper focuses on Social Welfare(SW) of electricity market incorporating demand response(DR). Competition between DR and generation company is modeled as a simple bid function. DR function can be considered as an negative generation(called Negawatt) and as an element of modified demand function. These two approaches result in the same demand reduction, generation power, and the market price. However, SW in the modified demand function approach is not identical to SW in the Negawatt approach. It makes the numerical index of DR effectiveness less persuasive. This paper proposes modified definition of SW in the demand function approach. The proposed definition of SW leads the DR effectiveness index to be identical to that in the Negawatt approach.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2018

Purpose - We investigate the relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) of the US and China and housing distribution economy in Korea using EPU indexes of two countries and the economic indicators in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology - We use the data such as the Korean housing price stability index (HPSI), housing purchase price index (HPPI), housing lease price index (HLPI), banking stock index (BSI), and consumer price index (CPI) with EPU indexes from January 1999 to December 2017. As an empirical methodology, we select the vector error correction model (VECM) due to the existence of cointegration. Result - As results of the impulse response function, the impact of the US EPU index has initially a negative response on the Korean HPSI, HPPI, and HLPI referring the housing distribution market including the economic variables, BSI, and CPI. Likewise, the impact of index in China has initially a negative response on economic indicators except the BSI in Korea. Conclusions - This study shows that the EPU index of the US has significantly negative relationships on all economic indicators in Korea. In this study, we reveal EPU of the US and China has dynamic impact on housing distribution economy returns in Korea.