• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.425-430
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• 2017

This study was conducted to measure the antimicrobial activity and antiseptic effect of Smilax china root extracts against Propionibacterium acnes and to develop natural antimicrobial extracts as an alternative for synthetic preservatives, which have recently been controversial. Extracts were obtained from dried Korean Smilax china root at room temperature using two solvents, distilled water and 95% EeOH, separately. According to the results of this study, the antimicrobial effect of Propionibacterium acnes 3314 and Propionibacterium acnes 3320 against Propionibacterium acnes was outstanding. In particular, the clear zone of the extract using distilled water showed the highest activity with 16.61 mm. As for the result of the collection of contaminated skin sample, the clear zone was 24.48 mm. This indicates that Smilax china root extracts show a high activity against skin flora as well as a high antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes. In conclusion, it is confirmed that Smilax china root extracts can be used as raw materials for cosmetics that have antimicrobial activity and antiseptic effect, and it is expected that Smilax china root extracts will be used as basic materials for the development of future natural preservatives.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.98-101
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• 2011

Acne, one of the most common skin disease, is a chronic inflammatory disease and is caused by uncertain and multiple factors. Propionibacterium acnes belongs to the human cutaneous normal flora and is a major etiologic agent of acne vulgaris. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial effect of 19 medicinal plants. Antibacterial activity of extracts prepared from the 19 medicinal plants was investigated against bacteria related to acnes, Propionibacterium acnes. Among them, some medicinal plants inhibited the growth of the P. acnes. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Polygonum aviculare (Herb) was 0.2 mg/ml against P. acnes. MIC of Dianthus chinensis (Aerial Part), Forsythia viridissima (Fruit), Lygodium japonicum (Spore) and Sophora flavescens (Root) were 0.4 mg/ml. Based on these results, Polygonum aviculare (Herb), Dianthus chinensis (Aerial Part), Forsythia viridissima (Fruit), Lygodium japonicum (Spore) and Sophora flavescens (Root) may be considered as a candidate for a good medicine for acne.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.473-477
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• 2007

The in vitro antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant Propionibacterium acnes of kaempferol isolated from the Impatiens balsamina alone and in combination with erythromycin or clindamycin antibiotics was investigated. The antibiotic combination effect against antibiotic-resistant P. acnes was studied by checkerboard test. Kaempferol and quercetin demonstrated antibacterial activities against P. acnes. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for both compounds were ${\leq}32\;{\mu}g/ml\;and\;{\leq}64{\mu}g/ml$ for clindamycin-sensitive and -resistant P. acnes, respectively. The four combination formulations (kaempferol and either erythromycin or clindamycin; quercetin and either erythromycin or clindamycin) exhibited a synergic inhibition of P. acnes growth. The combination of kaempferol with quercetin showed an indifferent effect. The combination of clindamycin with kaempferol or quercetin showed a greater synergic effect than that of erythromycin with kaempferol or quercetin. Thus, these combinations demonstrated the potential to treat acne.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.589-593
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• 2016

Propionibacterium acnes infection in skin tissue often causes acne vulgaris, commonly characterized by inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules. Chitosan and its derivatives possess strong anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of chitosan-phytochemical conjugates on P. acnes-infected human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) was evaluated. We designed a model of P. acnes-induced inflammation in viable HaCaT cells. Nitric oxide (NO), an inflammatory marker, was successfully elevated by P. acnes infection in HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the levels of NO were reduced by treatment with chitosan-phytochemical conjugates (chitosan-caffeic acid, -ferulic acid and -sinapic acid) in a dose-dependent manner. Among these conjugates, chitosan-caffeic acid exhibited the strongest NO suppression in HaCaT cells infected with P. acnes. The results obtained in this study suggest that chitosan-phytochemical conjugates could be used as a potential therapeutic agent against acne vulgaris.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 1998

Propionibacterium acnes is the pharmacological target site of antiacne drugs. We have examined the antiacne activity of ninety seven natural products which have been used as Korean traditional medicines in various skin disorders. The antibacterial activity of extracts from the natural products were evaluated against P. acnes ATCC 9616 by disc method. Twelve natural products showed the potent antibacterial activity against P. acnes, and were, selected for the minimal inhibitory concentration(MC) against P. acnes. MICs of nine extracts were below 0.3% (w/v) and Sophora flavescens showed the most potent activity with a MIC of less than 0.008%(w/v) against P. acnes. Thus, the results suggest that nine natural products including S. flavescens can be developed as sources of promising potent antiacne agents.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2018

Propionibacterium acnes, a major pathogens bacterium of acne, is one of the microflora associated with the inflammation. In this study, the antibacterial effects of 70% ethanol extracts from the 61 natural plants in Jeju against P. acnes were investigated using the disc diffusion method. The 45 natural plant extracts showed antibacterial effects and the 16 natural plants extracts didn't show antibacterial effects. The Phyllanthus urinaria L. (stem and leaves) extract showed thr highest antimicrobial activity with $18.96{\pm}0.69mm$ clear zone of the growth of P. acnes, followed by Angelica gigas Nakai (roots), Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, Angelica gigas Nakai (stem and leaves), Isodon inflexus (Thunb.) Kudo, camellia sinensis L. (flowers), Rosmarinus officinalis, etc. These results suggest that the natural plant in Jeju can be used as functional cosmetic biomaterials or antimicrobial agents against P. acnes.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2018

Acne is an inflammatory skin disease that occurs in puberty and young people. Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is known to be a major cause of inflammation in acne. P. acnes proliferates within hair follicles blocked by overproduced sebum in the skin, and thereby activates monocytic cells to promote the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we investigated the possibility of Cnestis palala (Lour.) Merr. extract to diminish P. acnes-mediated inflammatory responses. We found that C. palala extract significantly attenuated P. acnes-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions, such as $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, iNOS, and COX-2 in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, we observed that C. palala extract inhibited $NF-{\kappa}B$ transcriptional activation, which is the major transcription factor of inflammatory cytokine expression. Therefore, it is expected that C. palala extract has a potential as a therapeutic agent or supplement for the treatment P. acnes-induced inflammatory responses.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2019

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease outbreak in the sebaceous glands within the hair follicle. The proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) causes monocytes to stimulate secretion of inflammatory cytokines. A number of studies proposed the inhibitory effects of P. acnes-mediated inflammation by several natural extracts. However, studies on the effect of Eurya persicifolia Gagnep. (E. persicifolia) extracts on the inflammatory responses by P. acnes have not been explored yet. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of E. persicifolia extract in the inflammatory reactions induced by P. acnes. We found that E. persicifolia extract successfully diminished the expression levels of inflammatory mediators such as IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$, and iNOS in P. acnes-activated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. We found that the immunosuppressive effect of E. persicifolia extract in the P. acnes-activated inflammatory signaling is mediated by the regulation of NF-${\kappa}B$ transcriptional activation, which is a key regulator of inflammatory cytokine expression. Our results suggest that E. persicifolia extract held potentials for the treatment of P. acnes by suppressing NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathways.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 2009

The antibacterial activity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of seeds of traditional medicinal plant Prunus japonica resulted in the isolation of linoleic acid and cis-11-eicosenoic acids, and their methyl esters. Linoleic acid inhibited the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, the acne-causing anaerobic bacterium, but cis-11-eicosenoic acid, methyl linoleate, and cis-11-eicosenoate were found to be inactive. Together with isolated linoleic acid, authentic saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were also tested against P. acnes with other bacteria and fungi. Most of the unsaturated fatty acids possessed anti-acne (MIC $16-128{\mu}g/mL$) and antimicrobial properties.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.73-73
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• 2020

Toona sinensis (TS) leaf is known to antinociceptive, antioxidative stress and skin moisturizing effects. Acnes vulgaris is a chronic skin disease with various symptoms including itchiness, pain and interruption of normal skin function. Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a major factor in the occurrence of inflammatory acnes. This study evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects by TS extract from adventitious shoots. TS extract showed anti-inflammatory activities by suppression of pro-inflammation mediators (iNOS and COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. TS extract also has anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines on P. acnes-stimulated HaCaT cells. These effects were regulated by MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, we suggest that TS extract from adventitious shoots might have applications as a medicine for treating P. acnes-induced skin diseases.