• 환경생물
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

본 연구는 금개구리(Rana plancyi chosenica)유생의 성장에 효율적인 먹이를 개발하기 위하여, 서로 다른 네가지 형의 먹이를 공급하고 그에 따른 성장을 비교한 것이다. 금개구리 유생에게 식물성 먹이를 공급한 군과 식물성과 동물성 배합 먹이를 공급한 실험군이 습지에서 수거한 유기물과 식물성 먹이 만을 공급한 대조군보다 더 빠른 성장을 보였다. 나아가, 식물성과 동물성 먹이를 혼합하여 공급한 먹이군이 순수하게 식물성 먹이 만을 공급한 실험군보다 더 높은 성장을 보였다. 식물성먹이에 동물성 먹이로서 열대어 사료를 혼합하여 공급한 실험군의 유생들이 대조군이나, 식물성 먹이 실험군, 식물성에 뱀장어 사료를 혼합하여 공급한 실험군 모두에 비하여 빠른 시간 안에 변태에 이르렀다. 이러한 결과는 식물성 먹이와 동물성 먹이를 적절하게 배합한 먹이가 금개구리 유생의 빠른 성장과 변태에 가장 효율적이라는 것을 나타낸다.

• 환경생물
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.110-113
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• 2009

In recent years, there has been a rapid global decline in amphibian populations, and infectious diseases have been associated with this decline. Diseased Gold-spotted pond frogs (Rana plancyi chosenica) were collected from a frog farm in Korea and identified using morphological and molecular analysis to identify the disease. The typical symptoms of ranaviral infection were observed in the tadpoles and adults frogs. The nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the sequences showed the closest similarity with sequences to Frog virus 3, which belongs to the genus Ranavirus.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.357-361
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• 2007

To determine the feeding sites preferred by adult gold-spotted pond frogs, Rana plancyi chosenica, and the foods that induce favorable growth of the frogs in the laboratory, we conducted two separate experiments between 27 May and 12 July 2007 in a vivarium. In the first experiment, we counted the number of crickets eaten by four gold-spotted pond frogs in a 60 min period at four different feeding sites within the experimental arenas: on the water surface, at the edge of a pond, and at two terrestrial sites. Adult gold-spotted pond frogs ate more crickets on the water surface and at the edge of the pond than the terrestrial sites. In the second experiment, we measured the growth of SVL (snout-vent length) and body mass of adult gold-spotted pond frogs fed crickets, mealworms, maggots, or earthworms in individual experimental boxes over a one month period. The SVL and body mass of the adult gold-spotted pond frogs fed crickets, mealworms, or maggots were greater than those of the frogs that were fed earthworms. These results indicate that providing crickets, mealworms, or maggots on the water or at the edge of a pond should induce favorable growth of captive-reared adult gold-spotted pond frogs.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2007

We monitored gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica) populations near the Korea National University of Education in Chungbuk, Korea, from 19 May to 8 August, 2006 to examine the spatial distribution of populations in local areas and to investigate patterns of migration of adult gold-spotted pond frogs from terrestrial hibernation sites to breeding sites, We captured individuals from the largest population using a drift fence with 22 pitfall traps surrounding the breeding site. A total of 22 individuals (19 males and 3 females) were captured between 23 May and 15 June. No peak in breeding migration was detected, but the onset of the breeding migration may correspond with increased humidity. Male body weights were negatively correlated with sampling dates. Seven of 22 individuals were captured at the 4th pitfall trap, which was placed between two culverts. The capture rate per pitfall trap was higher in traps close to the rice field banks (1.44, traps $1{\sim}9$) than in traps facing hilly land (0.33, traps $13{\sim}18$). Comparative data from the Korean frog (Rana coreana), a sympatric species in the study area, were also collected and compared with those of the gold-spotted pond frog.

• 환경생물
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2009

멸종위기종 금개구리 (Rana chosenica)개체군의 존속 가능성을 알아보고 효과적인 보전 대책의 마련과 야생복귀 방법을 개발하기 위하여 충북 청원군에 서식하는 개체군을 대상으로 개체군생존분석을 실시하였다. 해당 금개구리의 개체군은 30년간 1,000회의 시뮬레이션을 통해 0.113의 낮은 성장률을 가지고 존속해 나갈 것이라 예측이 되었으나 절멸가능성 또한 81.1%로 매우 높아 환경적으로 민감한 특징을 가지고 있었다. 금개구리 개체군의 개체군 성장률과 절멸가능성은 변태율의 변화에 대해 가장 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 금개구리의 야외 개체군을 안정적으로 유지하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 금개구리 유생이 변태할 때까지의 생존율을 높이는 것이 결정적이라는 것을 의미한다. 항아리곰팡이병이나 개구리바이러스와 같은 질병이 발병할 경우 개체군의 절멸확률이 100%로 예측되었다. 절멸 개체군의 야생개체군 복원의 방법으로는 수컷의 비율을 83%, 투여개체들의 나이구조가 정상분포를 보이는 100마리의 개체군을 200마리를 수용할 수 있는 지역에 복귀를 시키고, 4년 후 2년 단위로 10년 후까지 10%씩 보충하는 방법이 가장 안정된 개체군을 복원, 유지하는 방법으로 나타났으며, 이 복원된 개체군의 경우 지속적으로 금개구리의 유생이 변태할 때까지의 생존율을 높일 수 있는 보호대책이 마련된다면 성장률 0.297, 절멸가능성 0.290을 갖는 안정된 개체군을 30년 후 138마리까지 유지할 수 있을 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과들은 금개구리 개체군의 보전과 재도입을 위한 효과적인 전략수립의 근거로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 환경생물
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2007

청주시와 청원군 내 금개구리 (Rana chosenica) 개체군의 지역적인 분포를 밝히고 금개구리 울음소리의 시간적 변이를 알아보고자 1/50,000 지도상에 $2{\times}2km^2$의 총 226개 격자를 만들고, 이 중 53개 (총 격자의 23.5%) 격자를 선정하여 모니터링을 실시하였고, 가장 많은 개체를 포함하는 하나의 개체군을 선정하여 저녁 8시부터 다음날 오전 7시까지 울음소리 개체의 빈도를 조사하였다. 53개 격자 중 4곳에서 1번 이상 울음소리를 청취하였다. 프로그램 Presence를 이용하여 모니터링 데이터를 분석한 결과 점유율은 0.170로 다른 종에 비하여 아주 낮았으며, 발견율은 0.66으로 최소한 3번 방문하여야 그 지역에 금개구리가 없다는 것을 확신할 수 있었다. 또한 금개구리는 저녁 9시부터 새벽 2시까지 가장 활발하게 울음소리를 내며 울음소리 빈도는 수온과 습도와 높은 상관관계를 보여주었다. 이 연구를 통하여 청주시와 청원군 내 금개구리의 현재 위치를 확인하였고, 얻어진 결과를 토대로 효율적인 모니터링 방법을 제시하였다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.263-272
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• 1980

개구리 2種 (Rana nigromaculata와 Rana plancyi chosenica)과 도룡뇽 (Hynobius leechii)의 胚發生에 EK른 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)와 malate dehydrogenase (MDH)의 isozyme 組成變化를 polyacrylamide 電氣泳動法으로 조사 분석하고 이를 成體의 몇 器官과 비교하였다. R. nigromaculata에서 LDH의 B subunit의 合成을 지배하는 유전자는 heterozygous이고 H. leechii에서는 A subunit의 合成을 지배하는 유전자가 heterozygousfk고 추정된다. 위의 3種의 兩棲類\ulcorner 胚에서 發生初期에는 LDH-1 (심장형)의 活性이 높으나 發生이 진행됨에 따라 LDH-5 (근육형)의 活性도 점차 증가된다. MDH의 경우 發生初期부터 MDH-m과 MDH-s가 존재하고 발생 全段階를 통하여 그 組成에는 변화가 없으나 MDH-m의 活性이 점차 증가하는 경향을 보인다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2009

We investigated colonization and extinction patterns in a meta population of the gold-spotted pond frog (Rana planeyi ehoseniea) near the Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk, Korea, by surveying the frogs in the nine occupied habitat patches in the study area four times per breeding season for three years (2006$\sim$2008) and recording whether the patches were occupied by frogs as well as how many frogs were calling in the patches. We then developed five a priori year-specific models using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The models predicted that: 1) probabilities of colonization and local extinction of the frogs were better explained by year-dependent models than by constant models, 2) there are high local extinction and low colonization probabilities, 3) approximately 31% number of patches will be occupied at equilibrium, and 4) that considerable variation in occupation rate should occur over a 30-year period, due to demographic stochasticity (in our model, the occupation rate ranged from 0.222 to 0.889). Our results suggest that colonization is important in this metapopulation system, which is governed by mainly stochastic components, and that more constructive conservation effects are needed to increase local colonization rates.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2007

To obtain demographic information on threatened gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica Okada, 1931) populations, we determined the ages of 45 male and 13 female frogs (20 males and 9 females from Cheongwon and 25 males and 4 females from Tae-an) and compared the age structures and growth patterns of the two populations in 2006. The snout-vent length (SVL) and body weight of female frogs were greater than those of male frogs in both populations. Male frogs' ages ranged 2 to 7 years old and females' ages ranged 3 to 6 years old. In both populations, 4 years old male frogs were the most abundant age-sex class. The age structures of the two populations were significantly different and the growth coefficients of male frogs from the Cheongwon population were greater than those from the Tae-an population. The mean age of males from the Tae-an population was higher than that from the Cheongwon population. However, the SVL and body weights of male frogs were not different between two populations and there was no difference between the two populations in the mean male SVL at any age. The results could increase our understanding of the life-history of this threatened frog and may be useful in conservation planning.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

The Gold-spotted pond frog, Rana plancyi chosenica, designated as a vulnerable species by IUCN Red list. This species is a typical example facing local population threats and extinction due to human activities in South Korea. A strategic conservation plan for this endangered species is urgently needed. In order to provide information for future conservation planning, accurate information on the genetic diversity and taxonomic status is needed for the establishment of conservation units for this species. In this study, we used a molecular genetic approach using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and control region sequences to find the genetic diversity of gold-spotted pond frogs within South Korea. We sequenced the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene and control region of 77 individuals from 11 populations in South Korea, and one from Chongqing, China. A total of 15 cytochrome b gene haplotypes and 34 control region haplotypes were identified from Korean gold-spotted pond frogs. Mean sequence diversity among Korean gold-spotted pond frogs was 0.31% (0.0-0.8%) and 0.51% (0.0-1.0%), respectively. Most Korean populations had at least one unique haplotype for each locus. The Taean, Ansan and Cheongwon populations had no haplotypes shared with other populations. There was a sequence divergence between Korean and Chinese gold-spotted pond frogs (1.3% for cyt b; 2.9% for control region). Analysis of genetic distances and phylogenetic trees based on both cytochrome b and control region sequences indicate that the Korean gold-spotted pond frog are genetically differentiated from those in China.