• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.295-307
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the reproductibility of eccentric mandibular movements according to preferred chewing side, range of mouth opening, type of lateral guidance and involvement of temporomandibular disorders. 50 patients with temporomandibular disorders and 65 dental students without any signs and symptoms were randomly selected for this study as the patients group and the control group, respectively. For recording and observation of eccentric mandibular movement trajectory, BioEGN$^\textregistered$ of Biopak$^\textregistered$ system (Bioresearch Inc., USA) was used. Each eccentric movement to anterior, right and left side was performed three times similar to the movement pattern for Pantronic Reproducibility Index. mandibular path was analyzed by three dimensional positional change and the three paths from one direction were compared with one another. From this, reproducibility index of one-directional lateral movement could be calculated, and total reproducibility index, named BioEGN reproducibility index(BERI), was also computed from three-directional eccentric movement likewise. BioEGN reproducibility Index could have four value of score by small or large scale, and by outgoing or incoming movement. The data were analyzed by SAS/stat program and the results obtained were as follows: 1. Right side chewing subjects showed more consistent pattern In reproducibility index in comparison between patients group and control group than left chewing subjects have done, and reproducibility was low in patients group. However, there was no difference between the two stoups in bilateral chewing subjects. 2. There were no difference in reproducibility index between preferred chewing side and contralateral side in unilateral chewing subjects whereas reproducibility index in left side on outgoing movement were higher than in right side in bilateral chewing subjects. 3. Difference in total reproducibility index(BERI) between canine guidance group and non-canine guidance group were not observed though difference in reproducibility index on lateral movement were observed in part. 4. There were no difference in reproducibility index between affected side and contralateral side in unilaterally affected patients, and between unilaterally affected patients and bilaterally affected patients in patients group. 5. Highly significant positive correlationship were shown among the four 쇼pes of total reproducibility index(BERI) in total subjects, and range of clinical mouth opening was negatively correlated with BEBI on outgoing movements and with index on outgoing movement to preferred side.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.79-83
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• 2002

Since its introduction in 1995 by Schena et al. cDNA microarrays have been established as a potential tool for high-throughput analysis which allows the global monitoring of expression levels for thousands of genes simultaneously. One of the characteristics of the cDNA microarray data is that there is inherent noise even after the removal of systematic effects in the experiment. Therefore, replication is crucial to the microarray experiment. The assessment of reproducibility among replicates, however, has drawn little attention. Reproducibility may be assessed with several different endpoints along the process of data reduction of the microarray data. We define the reproducibility to be the degree with which replicate arrays duplicate each other. The aim of this note is to develop a novel measure of reproducibility among replicates in the cDNA microarray experiment based on the unprocessed data. Suppose we have p genes and n replicates in a microarray experiment. We first develop a measure of reproducibility between two replicates and generalize this concept for a measure of reproducibility of one replicate against the remaining n-1 replicates. We used the rank of the outcome variable and employed the concept of a measure of tracking in the blood pressure literature. We applied the reproducibility measure to two sets of microarray experiments in which one experiment was performed in a more homogeneous environment, resulting in validation of this novel method. The operational interpretation of this measure is clearer than Pearson's correlation coefficient which might be used as a crude measure of reproducibility of two replicates.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.214-218
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• 2016

PURPOSE. We assessed the repeatability and reproducibility of abutment teeth dental impressions, digitized with a blue light scanner, by comparing the discrepancies in repeatability and reproducibility values for different types of abutment teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS. To evaluate repeatability, impressions of the canine, first premolar, and first molar, prepared for ceramic crowns, were repeatedly scanned to acquire 5 sets of 3-dimensional data via stereolithography (STL) files. Point clouds were compared and the error sizes were measured (n=10, per type). To evaluate reproducibility, the impressions were rotated by $10-20^{\circ}$ on the table and scanned. These data were compared to the first STL data and the error sizes were measured (n=5, per type). One-way analysis of variance was used to assess the repeatability and reproducibility of the 3 types of teeth, and Tukey honest significant differences (HSD) multiple comparison test was used for post hoc comparisons (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The differences with regard to repeatability were 4.5, 2.7, and $3.1{\mu}m$ for the canine, premolar, and molar, indicating the poorest repeatability for the canine (P<.001). For reproducibility, the differences were 6.6, 5.8, and $11.0{\mu}m$ indicating the poorest reproducibility for the molar (P=.007). CONCLUSION. Our results indicated that impressions of individual abutment teeth, digitized with a blue light scanner, had good repeatability and reproducibility.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.575-585
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• 1998

Use of the digital camera as a color measuring device was proposed. Digital camera can save, adjust and transmit image using computer. But it has great disadvantage that color of image possibly altered by environment of image capturing state, so the color reproducibility of digital camera can severly damage, Casmatch, the supplement for color correction, was proposed for enhance the color reproducibility of digital camera. Thus for study the efficacy of the Casmatch in enhancing the color reproducibility of digital camera, image of 78area in 39teeth was captured three times during two days and color reproducibility was evaluated and analyzed in terms of the use of Casmatch, teeth positions, and area within the tooth and comparatively analyzed. Results were as follow ; 1. ${\Delta}$E the color reproducibility of digital camera was 6.90${\pm}$3.27 in same day and 7.43${\pm}$3.94 in different day, and the color reproducibility when using Casmatch correction was 6.21${\pm}$3.86, 7.59${\pm}$4.48, there is no enhancement in using Casmatch correction. 2. There is no difference in color reproducibility between teeth, but color reproducibility of the middle third was greater(p<0.05) than the gingival third before color correction using Casmatch.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2019

Purpose: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data must be analyzed by an analyzer after data processing. Hence, the analyzed data of DTI might depend on the analyzer, making it a major limitation. This paper reviewed previous DTI studies reporting the repeatability and reproducibility of data from the corticospinal tract (CST), one of the most actively researched neural tracts on this topic. Materials and Methods: Relevant studies published between January 1990 and December 2018 were identified by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE electronic databases using the following keywords: DTI, diffusion tensor tractography, reliability, repeatability, reproducibility, and CST. As a result, 15 studies were selected. Results: Measurements of the CSTs using region of interest methods on 2-dimensional DTI images generally showed excellent repeatability and reproducibility of more than 0.8 but high variability (0.29 to 1.00) between studies. In contrast, measurements of the CST using the 3-dimensional DTT method not only revealed excellent repeatability and reproducibility of more than 0.9 but also low variability (repeatability, 0.88 to 1.00; reproducibility, 0.82 to 0.99) between studies. Conclusion: Both 2-dimensional DTI and 3-dimensional DTT methods appeared to be reliable for measuring the CST but the 3-dimensional DTT method appeared to be more reliable.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.489-494
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• 2020

The Law method is observing the temporal bone. There are two types of methods: the double angle method, which manipulates the center ray angle of the tube twice, and the single angle method, which manipulates once. The purpose is to increase the reproducibility of the image by making vertical incidence by making an assistive device using a 3D printer. Two assistive devices with a wedge-shaped 8.5 × 10 × 2.3 cm, an inclined surface of 7.5 cm, and an inclination angle of 15° were fabricated. Assistive devices can be combined with each other in the form of grooves, and PLA (Poly Lactic Acid) is used as a material. In the first experiment, 10 examiners operated the tube 15° in the caudad direction and 15° in the anterior direction, and measured it with a protractor to conduct a reproducibility experiment. Second, two examiners acquired vertically incidence images using the existing law method and assistive devices, and measured the distance between each measurement point to evaluate the reproducibility. The tube center ray angle reproducibility experiment was not statistically significant, but the angle difference was up to 9° between examiners. The reproducibility experiment of radiographic images was not statistically significant with the conventional method, and the method using an assistive device was statistically significant. Therefore, regardless of skill level, an image capable of securing reproducibility, which is the advantage of vertical incidence, could be obtained.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.213-218
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study compared of reproducibility of prepared tooth impression scanning utilized with white and blue light scanners. Methods: To evaluate reproducibility with white and blue light scanners, the impression of premolar were rotated by $10^{\circ}{\sim}20^{\circ}$ and scanned. These data were compared with the first 3-D data (STL file), and the error sizes were measured (n=5). Independent t test was used to evaluation the reproducibility of impression of premolar with white versus blue light scanners through discrepancies of mean, RMS (${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: Discrepancies of mean with regard to reproducibility were $11.2{\mu}m$, $5.8{\mu}m$, respectively, with white and blue light scanners (p<0.047). And discrepancies of RMS with regard to reproducibility were $33.4{\mu}m$, $18.8{\mu}m$, respectively, with white and blue light scanners (p<0.045). Conclusion: Our results indicate a good reproducibility of prepared tooth impression digitized with blue light scanner more than that with white light scanner.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2014

Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the reproducibility of peri-implant tissue assessment using the new implant success index (ISI) in comparison with the Misch classification. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 22 cases of peri-implant soft tissue with different conditions were selected, and color slides were prepared from them. The slides were shown to periodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, prosthodontists and general dentists, and these professionals were asked to score the images according to the Misch classification and ISI. The intra- and inter-observer reproducibility scores of the viewers were assessed and reported using kappa and weighted kappa (WK) tests. Results: Inter-observer reproducibility of the ISI technique between the prosthodontists-periodontists (WK=0.85), prosthodontists-maxillofacial surgeons (WK=0.86) and periodontists-maxillofacial surgeons (WK=0.9) was better than that between general dentists and other specialists. In the two groups of general dentists and maxillofacial surgeons, ISI was more reproducible than the Misch classification system (WK=0.99 versus WK non-calculable, WK=1 and WK=0.86). The intra-observer reproducibility of both methods was equally excellent among periodontists (WK=1). For prosthodontists, the WK was not calculable via any of the methods. Conclusion: The intra-observer reproducibility of both the ISI and Misch classification techniques depends on the specialty and expertise of the clinician. Although ISI has more classes, it also has higher reproducibility than simpler classifications due to its ability to provide more detail.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2016

A method is proposed for the improvement of deposition reproducibility in the selective electrodeposition process using laser masking and DC voltage. Selective electrodeposition using laser masking and DC voltage can achieve a deposited layer with micro patterns. However, selective electrodeposition using laser masking and DC voltage have a critical problem: the lack of reproducibility in selective deposition. The reproducibility of selective electrodeposition can be improved by a new process that consists of laser masking, two-step electro-deposition, laser scribing, and ultrasonic cleaning. The experiments in this study show that the reproducibility of selective deposition can be successfully improved by the combination of two-step electrodeposition and laser scribing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.10 s.241
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• pp.1430-1437
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• 2005

It is very important to achieve a high reproducibility in the ultrasonic measurement of bone mineral density. In this study, we examined number of sampling waveform, control of temperature, diameter of region of interest as factors to improve reproducibility. We decided the optimal number of waveforms to be converted to frequency domain as period of 1. We have minimized the effects of variable temperature and constrained generation of micro bubble by keeping temperature within a range of $32\pm0.5^{\circ}C$ with a precise temperature controlling algorithm. We also found the optimal diameter of region of interest to be 13mm. In this paper, we demonstrated the improved reproducibility by controlling various factors affecting the ultrasonic measurement of bone mineral density.