• 제목/요약/키워드: Restriction of Activities

검색결과 167건 처리시간 0.021초

절식이 흰쥐의 간과 신장의 Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Substance량 및 항산화효소 활성도에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Total Dietary Restriction on the Contents of Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Substance and Antioxidant Enzymes in the Liver and Kidney of Rats)

  • 박평심;고춘남;박재윤
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.471-476
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    • 1999
  • The effects of total dietary restriction(100% restriction of energy intake) on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) contents and intracellular antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver and kidney of young male Sprague Dawley rats were studied. The TBARS contents were reduced in both liver and kidney, up to 77% and 79% of the control rats, fed ad libitum, respectively at 7 days after dietary restriction . Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities in the liver and kidney of rats were increased significantly by total dietary restriction. However, the activity of catalase in kidney was decreased 27% at 6 days after dietary restriction, but this enzyme activity did not change in liver. The changes of glutathione peroxidae(GSHPx) and catalase activities in the liver and kidney of rats with dietary restriction were not significant. These result suggested that dietary restriction reduce the free radical induced by tissue damage, as determined by TBARS content, in both the liver and kidney but the changes of activities of antioxidant enzymes may not be a contributory factor in reducing oxidative damage to tissue.

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자유놀이 제한 규칙에 대한 유치원 교사의 인식 (The Kindergarten Teachers' Perception of Restriction Rules on Free Choice Activities at Their Classroom)

  • 원계선
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제20권8호
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    • pp.485-493
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 유치원의 자유놀이 제한 규칙에 대한 교사의 인식을 알아봄으로써 유치원 자유놀이 운영을 위한 기초적인 정보를 얻을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 J 지역에 근무하는 유치원 교사 200명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 시행하였다. 연구 도구는 학급 내 자유놀이에 대한 제한 규칙에 관한 교사의 인식을 묻는 설문지였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사는 흥미영역 중 미술영역에 대한 제한 규칙의 필요성을 가장 높게 인식하였다. 둘째, 교사는 세 가지 유형의 제한 규칙 중 인원수 제한 규칙의 필요성을 가장 높게 인식하였다. 셋째, 제한 규칙의 필요 이유에 대한 교사 인식은 다음과 같았다. 인원수 제한 규칙 필요 이유는 일부 영역으로 쏠리는 현상을 예방하기 위해서였다. 시간 제한 규칙 필요 이유는 다양한 흥미영역에서 놀이하도록 지도하는 것이 교육적이라고 생각하기 때문이었다. 공간 제한 규칙 필요 이유는 각 흥미영역 고유의 교육목표를 확실히 할 수 있기 때문이었다. 유아의 놀이 권리와 연계하여 자유놀이 제한 규칙의 의미와 필요성을 논의하였다.

식이섬유 급원 첨가하에서의 식이제한이 흰주의 장내 환경에 미치는 영향 (The Influence of Dietary Fiber on Intestinal Environment in Rats Controlled by Food Restriction)

  • 강어진
    • 한국식품영양학회지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.460-465
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    • 1998
  • The effects of food restriction on the fecal microflora, moisture, pH, indole, ${\beta}$-glucosidas, and ${\beta}$-glucuronidase in rate were studied for 4 weeks. Four groups of rats for feeding was allocated to the following experimental trials : (1) control containing 1% cellulose, (2) control with food restriction, (3) treatment of diet containing butterbur, (4) treatment of butterbur combined with diet restriction. Treatment of butterbur combined food restriction significantly (p<0.05) reduced the growth of Bacteroides, Peptococus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Escherchia coli, respectively. No remarkable changes in the ${\beta}$-glucosidase and ${\beta}$-glucuronidase activities were observed but indole content significanlty decreased. Based on these results, treatment of butterbur combined with diet restriction in rats had a significantly effect for preventing the growth of those pathogenic microorganims.

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유아의 자유선택활동과 놀이 인원수 제한규칙 (Young Children's Free Choice Activities and a Play Rule Restricting the Number of Players)

  • 이유정;원계선
    • 한국보육지원학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.57-81
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구의 목적은 자유선택활동 시 놀이 인원수 제한규칙에 따른 유아의 놀이를 알아보는 것이며, 본 연구결과가 자유선택활동 운영 개선에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 연구참여자는 사립유치원 4세 학급 유아 25명과 담임교사와 공동연구자인 도움교수였다. 2014년 7월부터 10월까지 유아 관찰, 유아 인터뷰, 교사의 반성적 저널쓰기를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 결과, 유아들은 영역 선택을 표시하기 위해 사용하는 이름표에 대한 스트레스를 받고 서로 간의 과도한 경쟁을 하고 있었으며 규칙을 위반하고 있었다. 이를 통해 연구자들은 인원수 제한규칙이 유아의 도덕성 발달 제한, 사회정서발달 저해와 안전사고 위험, 자유선택 행동 저해 등의 역기능이 있음을 발견하였다. 이러한 규칙의 역기능을 인식한 연구자는 인원수 제한규칙을 해제함으로써 유아의 변화를 살펴보았고, 그 결과 공간 놀이 갈등 조절에서 유아의 자율성이 증진되었으며, 자유선택활동 시 교사의 역할과 운영방법에도 변화를 가져왔다. 연구결과에 기초하여 자유선택활동의 다양한 제한규칙의 필요성과 바람직한 규칙 적용에 대해 논의하였다.

심혈관질환자의 활동 제한이 정신건강과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Activity Restriction on Mental health and the Quality of Life among patients with Cardiovascular Disease)

  • 김현수
    • 융합정보논문지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.87-94
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구는 2016년~2018년도에 수집된 국민건강영양조사 7기 자료의 2차 분석을 통해 심혈관질환자의 활동 제한 여부에 의한 정신 건강과 삶의 질을 확인하였다. 연구대상자는 자료대상자 총 24,269명 중 협심증이나 심근경색 진단 병력이 있는 530명의 성인에서 변수의 누락이 없는 521명이다. SAS 9.4 version으로 활동 제한 유무에 따른 정신 건강과 삶의 질 차이를 Chi-square방법, 활동 제한에 의한 정신 건강과 삶의 질 영향을 Logistic regression 통계 방법으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 활동 제한이 있을 때 스트레스 정도, 최근 2주간 우울감과 자살 생각 정도가 높아 정신 건강에 유의한 영향이 있었다. 활동 제한이 있을 때 운동능력, 자기관리, 일상활동에 더욱 지장이 있다고 느꼈고, 통증/불편감과 불안/우울감이 증가하여 삶의 질 역시 유의한 영향이 있었다. 따라서 심혈관질환자의 정신 건강 및 삶의 질 증진을 위해 활동 제한을 최소화할 수 있는 효과적인 신체 활동 증진프로그램의 개발 및 운영이 필요함을 제언한다.

제한효소에 대한 용매의 영향 :소수성 용매에 의한 PvuII 특이성 변화 (Solvent Effect on Restriction Endonuclease : Alteration of Specificity of Restriction Endonuclease PvuII in Hydrophobic Solution)

  • 김희정;이강민
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 1994
  • During the last decade enzyme reaction in organic solvent has been studied to show that specificity in buffer is different from that in organic solvent. The specificity of restriction enzyme was effected by various factors such as ionic strength, salt organic solvent and temperature. In this study, restriction enzyme PvuII which is used most frequently in genetic engineering and the substrate was vector pGEM3 whose sequence was already known were used. As a result the recognition sequence site was changed in the presence of organic solvents whose Log P are -1.5∼0. Their specificities were contrast with activities were contrasted. Specificities were not changed in organic solvent easily in inactivating enzyme. We think that the enzyme recognition site was not changed randomly but by preferential order. A recombinant vector which does not contain typical cleavage site CAG↓CTG was cleaved in 20% ethanol solution. This result might show that restriction enzyme could be used to cleave at unusual sites by changing the reaction conditions.

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근로능력평가지표의 취업에 대한 영향 비교: 장애등급, ICF 활동참여수준, 일상생활 도움필요정도 및 자기평가건강상태를 중심으로 (Effects of work ability on the employment status of people with disabilities: Comparing degrees of disability, ICF activity limitations & participation restriction, levels of assistance needed for daily activities, and self-assessed health status)

  • 이선우
    • 사회복지연구
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.323-350
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    • 2011
  • 근로능력은 장애인소득보장정책과 장애인고용정책에서 정책대상자를 선정하는 핵심요인이다. 우리나라에서 사용하고 있는 근로능력평가지표인 장애등급은 의학적 손상에 기초하여 결정되는 것으로, 제대로 근로능력을 평가하지 못한다는 비판을 받고 있다. 이 연구에서는 장애등급, ICF 활동참여수준, 일상생활도움필요정도 및 자기평가건강상태의 4 근로능력평가지표들이 장애인의 취업여부에 대한 설명력을 비교함으로써 가장 적절한 평가지표를 찾아 내고자 하였다. 그 결과, ICF 활동참여수준이 장애인의 취업여부에 대한 설명력이 가장 높았으며, 이어서 일상생활도움필요정도, 장애등급, 그리고 자기평가건강상태의 순으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 장애인연금제 및 장애인고용정책 등에서 적절하게 활용할 수 있는 근로능력평가지표는 ICF 활동제한 및 참여제약 영역에 해당하는 지표들이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 ICF 활동제한 및 참여제약 영역을 바탕으로 한 근로능력 평가지표가 장애등급보다 더 적절한 근로능력평가지표라고 할 수 있을 것이다.

The Expressional Changes of Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Rat Brain Following Food Restriction

  • Kang Kyounglan;Huh Youngbuhm;Park Chan;Choue Ryo Won
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.231-236
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    • 2005
  • This study investigated the changes in the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) activities during food restriction in the rat brain such as cerebral cortex, cerebellum, caudate pautamen and hypothalamus. The rats were placed on a restricted feeding schedule consisting of half the ad libitum quantity for 3 days and 1, 2, 4, 6 and 9 weeks, and a free feeding schedule for 4 weeks. The loss of body weight peaked after 1 week of food restriction and persisted during the entire 9-week period of food restriction. The dramatic weight change in the first week ($12\%$) and the reduction in weight changes thereafter suggest that major adaptation changes occur early and body maintenance occurs subsequently. In the hypothalamus, the optical densities of the NADPH-d and nNOS immunoreactivities were found to be significantly higher in the 1-week and lower in the 9-week food restricted group than in the ad libitum fed control rats. In contrast, in the cerebral cortex, the optical densities of the NADPH-d- and nNOS-positive neurons were not changed significantly during the period of food restriction. This study provides the morphological evidence showing that food restriction has a significant effect on the nitric oxide synthesizing system of the hypothalamus.

Association of Paraoxonase-1(Q192R and L55M) Gene Polymorphisms and Activity with Colorectal Cancer and Effect of Surgical Intervention

  • Ahmed, Nagwa S.;Shafik, Noha M.;Elraheem, Omar Abd;Abou-Elnoeman, Saad-Eldin A.
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.803-809
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    • 2015
  • Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Oxidative DNA damage may contribute to cancer risk and the antioxidant paraoxonase is one endogenous free radical scavenger in the human body which could therefore exert an influeence. Purpose: Aim of this study was to determine the role of serum arylesterase (ARE) and paraoxonase 1(PON1) activities in CRC patients and to find any association between (PON1) Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms in CRC patients. Also the serum ARE and PON1 activities in CRC patients will be investigated before and after surgery Materials and Methods: This study involved a total of 50 patients with newly diagnosed CRC and 80 healthy controls. PON1 and ARE activities were determined using an enzymatic spectrophotometric method. PON1 Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) based restriction fragment analysis. The restriction enzyme AlwI was used to examine the Q192R polymorphism and Hsp92II for the L55M polymorphism. Results: Significant differences in the PON1 Q192R polymorphism were found between patients and controls. The Q allele was more frequent in the patient group than in controls, while the R allele was more frequent in the controls. Significant differences were found in the L55M polymorphism. Additionally, there were significant differences in L and M allele frequencies (p=0.001). The serum activities of PON1 and ARE were low in QQ and MM genotype. Conclusions: serum PON1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in CRC patients compared to healthy subjects. The R allele may protect against colorectal cancer.

고열량.저영양 식품의 TV 광고 제한에 따른 식품회사의 제품 및 촉진 활동 변화 (Changes in Food Companies' Product and Promotion Activities after Restriction of TV Advertising of Energy-Dense and Nutrient-Poor Foods in Korea)

  • 김형준;윤지현;이영미
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.291-300
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    • 2014
  • This study determined the effects of television (TV) advertising restriction of Energy-Dense and Nutrient-Poor Foods on product and promotion activities by food companies producing or selling children's favorite foods. A survey using a selfadministered questionnaire was conducted via on-line or fax by marketers or R&D managers from 108 food companies. The data from 55 respondents (50.9%) were analyzed. Restriction exerted positive effects on food products with respect to compliance with labeling requirements (4.0 out of 5 points) and reinforcement of nutritional contents examination of new products (3.7 out of 5 points). Reformulations of products such as reduction of nutrients like sodium, sugar and fat were also reported. In addition, food companies underwent diverse changes in promotional activities, including modification of package designs and displays in stores, offering free gifts, discounts, etc. In conclusion, restriction of TV food advertising may contribute to improvement of children's food environment by encouraging food companies to make favorable product changes. On the other hand, the results also revealed that food companies adopt diverse marketing channels that are not yet under regulation. Hence, to make policies more effective, regulation needs to be extended from TV to other marketing channels to which children are easily exposed.