• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.23-38
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical prognostic factors affecting facial palsy in 98 idiopathic facial palsy patients who were hospitalized and treated in 2015, using retrospective statistical analysis. Methods : We investigated patients with idiopathic facial nerve palsy, admitted to a Korean medical hospital in 2015, and examined patients' variables and therapeutic variables. For analysis of clinical data, an independent sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and simple regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS version 24.0. Results : 1. The initial degree of facial palsy showed statistical significance with age. The older the age, the more severe the initial palsy. 2. Following treatment degree of facial palsy was statistically significant with age, hypertension, and fasting blood sugar (FBS). The higher the value, the slower the recovery from facial palsy. There was a statistical significance with the number of treatments in a Korean medical hospital. The more frequent the treatment, the faster the facial palsy recovery. 3. Degree of facial palsy after 12 months was statistically significant with age, hypertension, diabetes, FBS, and the initial severity of facial palsy. The higher the value, the slower the facial palsy recovery. 4. Sex, left or right sided palsy, alcohol consumption, smoking, history of facial palsy, season of onset, total number of treatments and bio chemistry (BC), complete blood cell count (CBC), urinalysis (UA) factors had no statistical significance with prognosis of facial palsy. Conclusion : Age, season of onset, hypertension, diabetes, FBS, initial severity of facial palsy, and the number of treatments at a Korean medical hospital showed statistical significance. The number of treatments at the Korean medical hospital positively correlated with facial palsy prognosis, and the others variables showed a negative correlation with facial palsy prognosis.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.19-38
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• 2017

Objectives : This is a retrospective statistical analysis of the demographic and therapeutic characteristics influencing the continued improvement of symptoms in patients treated in 2014 for herniated lumbar discs at a Korean medicine hospital; thereby, providing clinical data to further improve medical services of Korean medicine. Methods : We investigated the demographic and therapeutic variables of all patients who were diagnosed with a herniated lumbar intervertebral disc and were hospitalized for more than 1 night at Dunsan Korean medicine hospital from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2014. IBM SPSS 21.0 was used to conduct a logistic multiple regression analysis and a covariance analysis (ANCOVA) of the demographic and therapeutic variables collected from the electronic medical records and telephone surveys. Results : 1. A longer duration of hospitalization was significantly better for the maintenance of pain relief or a decrease in the pain after discharge. 2. Younger patients were significantly less likely to be treated with a Western medical treatment after discharge. 3. Most of the demographic and therapeutic variables were not statistically significant in regards to treatment for lower back pain since discharge. Conclusion : Some of the demographic and therapeutic variables had a positive effect on the prognosis at one year or greater in patients who received integrative Korean medical treatment for lumbar disc herniation. Continued and systematic research will be needed.

• Kosin Medical Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.289-296
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• 2018

Objectives: In these days, patients with stage I breast cancer have increased by regular health examination and diagnostic tool development. The aim of this retrospective study is to identify systemic recurrence related factors after breast conserving surgery (BCS) for stage I breast cancer. Methods: In this study, we analyzed the correlation between systemic recurrence and pathologic factors. We reviewed 223 patients who underwent BCS for stage I breast cancer. Postoperative pathologic factors, recurrent rates and sites were studied. In addition, preoperative patients'data were also collected. Statistical analysis was done by using PASW 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Systemic recurrence was found in 16 patients (7.17%) within 5 years after primary surgery. 5 patients had lymphatic invasion and 6 patients had vascular invasion. Lymphatic and vascular invasion had statistical correlation with systemic recurrence (P = 0.004, P = 0.001). Conclusions: In this retrospective study, we can conclude that vascular invasion and lymphatic invasion are related systemic recurrence after BCS for stage I patients. Further studies with large cohort will be required to fully understand the risk factors of systemic recurrence for stage I breast cancer patients.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.563-571
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• 2021

Objectives: This pilot study aimed to confirm the possibility of applying our design to the main study, a retrospective medical record analysis of the diseases which have most frequently been treated with collaborations of Korean and Western medicine, and to identify what corrections and statistical models are needed to conduct the main study. Methods: Data were collected from a case report form developed for patients who received treatment in the medical institutions. Appropriate statistical techniques, like Propensity Score (PS) and Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) models, were used to compare the indicators of collaboration and non-collaboration groups for patients in comparable diseases. Results: Using PS matching for each M and S disease group, the indicators were compared by balancing the collaboration and non-collaboration group, and the GEE models compared indicators between groups in each disease over follow-up. Through this process we identified two limitations, insufficient samples and a large deviation of the follow-up period. Conclusion: This pilot study confirmed that the study design and case report form are applicable. The main study will be conducted by collecting sufficient samples and reflecting deviation of follow-up period.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2023

Objectives: Ultra-wide implants may be used as a replacement if existing implants fail. This study was conducted to evaluate the factors influencing the prognosis and failure of ultra-wide implants. Patients and Methods: This study evaluated whether sex, age, site, diameter, length, additional surgery, implant stability (primary and secondary), and reason for ultra-wide implant placement affect the 5-year survival and success rates and marginal bone loss (MBL) of ultra-wide implants. Seventy-eight ultra-wide implants that were placed in 71 patients (39 males and 32 females) from 2008 to 2010 were studied. One-way ANOVA analysis was conducted to evaluate the statistical significance of MBL according to the patient's sex, implant site, and diameter. Independent sample t-tests were used to determine the statistical significance of MBL analysis which was used to determine the significance of the 5-year success and survival rates related to the variables. One-way ANOVA was conducted to evaluate the statistical significance of sex, implantation site, diameter, and MBL. Independent sample t-tests were used to evaluate the correlation between implantability and MBL for implantation reasons, while additional surgery, length, and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to evaluate 5-year survival and success rates. Results: The mean age of patients was 54.2 years with a survival rate of 92.3% and a success rate of 83.3% over a mean 97.8-month period of observation. MBL averaged 0.2 mm after one year of prosthetic function loading and 0.54 mm at the time of final observation. Success rates correlated with primary stability (P=0.045), survival rates correlated with secondary stability (P=0.036), and MBL did not correlate with any variables. Conclusion: Ultra-wide implants can be used to achieve secure initial fixation in the maxillary and mandibular molar regions with poor bone quality or for alternative purposes in cases of previous implant failure.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 2018

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Acupotomy on the pain reduction and functional improvement of patients with Acute low back pain. Methods We studied 60 patients with Acute low back pain with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 5 or higher in admission and had admitted to Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation of Daejeon University from March 1, 2017 to October 31, 2017. 30 patients had received Acupotomy combined Korean Medicine treatment(such as acupuncture, moxabustion, herbal medicine, etc) and the other 30 had received Korean Medicine treatment only. The analysis was conducted as a retrospective study which analyzes the patient's medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 program. We used NRS to evaluate pain reduction, used Range of Motion (ROM) and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) to evaluate function improvement, and used EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) and EuroQoL-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) to assess quality of life. Finally, a five-point Likert scale was used to assess treatment satisfaction. Results The analysis revealed that patients who were treated with Acupotomy showed statistically significant NRS reduction, improvement of ROM and RMDQ, improvement of EQ-5D and EQ-VAS and satisfaction compared to those who just recevied Korean Medicine treatment. Conclusions In conclusion, we found that the Acupotomy showed a positive effect on pain resolving, functional rehabilitation and quality of life in patients with Acute low back pain.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.219-225
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• 2019

The objective of this study is to observe the effectiveness of complex Korean Medicine treatments on pain reduction of patients after meniscal surgery. We analyzed 16 patients who have been diagnosed as Meniscal injury on Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) scan and had admitted to Dunsan Korean Medical hospital from January 30, 2014 to April 30, 2019. The analysis was conducted as retrospective study which analyzes patient's medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS statistics 25 program. We used Numeric Rating Scale to evaluate pain reduction, Five-point likert scale to asses treatment satisfaction. The result showed that there were statistically significant pain reduction on the postoperative meniscal injury patients treated with complex Korean Medicine treatments. In conclusion, we found that the complex Korean Medicine treatments showed a positive effect on pain reduction of postoperative meniscal injury patients. Further research is required to confirm the effectiveness of Korean Medicine treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.409-416
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• 2020

Objectives: The goal of this retrospective study was to determine the significance and impact of several factors on the alveolar cleft bone grafting procedure. Materials and Methods: The medical records were reviewed. In addition, x-rays were checked. The size of every cleft was measured in this retrospective study. The analyzed factors included sex, age, type of cleft, size of the cleft, and the type of flap used in surgery. The patients were characterized into group A (no complications, Bergland scale 1 or 2), group B (complications or Bergland scale 3), or group C (failure cases). Statistical analysis was performed with a P-value set at 0.05. Results: There were 32 cases in group A, 26 in group B, and 9 in group C. Multinomial logistic regression showed an association between the type of the cleft and the size of the cleft, with the presence of complications, or achieving type 3 on the Bergland scale, with odds ratios of 5.118 and 6.000, respectively. The type of cleft was related to failure with an odds ratio of 4.833. Given a small sample, statistical analysis could not be performed to evaluate the relationship between the size of the cleft and group C. Age, sex, and the type of the flap were not significant factors. Conclusion: The cleft size of more than 10 mm and bilateral clefts were listed regarding their effect on the procedure. Clinicians should not overlook these factors. In addition, patients must be informed of any risks that are present.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to confirm the relavance between the dependent variables and the treatment effects of nonsurgical spinal decompression(NSD). Methods: 105 patients suffering from disc herniation and treated with NSD were investigated and analyzed. Results: The intention of retreatment showed a tendency to be higher in having occupation, western treatment only before NSD(WTB) and non-western treatment(WTN) group. As the number of NSD increased, satisfaction score and the Numeric Rating Scale(NRS) difference increased and the NRS after NSD decreased. On the other hand, as western treatment after NSD increased, satisfaction score and the NRS difference decreased and the NRS after NSD increased. The odds ratio of having intention of retreatment was lower in western treatment only after NSD(WTA) group than WTN group. The NRS difference showed a high tendency in the age group of 20s, 60s, and 70s and older. The NRS difference of group with NSD more than 10 times was higher than that of the group with less than 10 times. Satisfaction score of WTN and WTB group was higher than that of WTA group. Adjusted NRS after NSD was the lowest in non-western treatment group and the highest in WTA group. Adjusted NRS after NSD was the lowest in the group with NSD over 21 times, and the NRS after NSD increased as the number of NSD decreased. Conclusion: This study included patients with cervical or lumbar disc herniation and showed that occupation, the number of NSD, western treatment and age statistically affected the treatment effect.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.277-288
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• 1997

For the analysis of survival data including covariates whose effects vary in time, the multiprocess discount survival model is proposed. The parameter vector modeling the time-varying effects of covariates is to vary between time intervals and its evolution between time intervals depends on the perturbation of the next time interval. The recursive estimation of the parameter vector can be obtained at the end of each time interval. The retrospective estimation of the survival function and the forecasting of the survival function of individuals of the specific covariates also can be obtained based on the information gathered until the end of the time interval.