• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 1978

There has been many investigations on phytoagglutinin and especially, Moon et al reported a number of research works on phytoagglutinins prepared from the Korean plants. The present report describes results of experiment on the biological effect of 14 Korean phytoagglutinins to microorganism for the first time. 1) Kaolin rubi and Ricinus communis L. among 14 different species of Korean phytoagglutinins had agglutinating activities to microoganisms. 2) Kaolin rubi agglutinated E. coli, Staph. aureus, Ps. aeruginosa, Prot. vulgaris, B. subtilis, Sal. typhi, Sh. dysenteriae, C. albicans and Sa. cerevisiae but Ricinus communis L. showed only agglutination of Sa. cerevisiae. 3) Agglutinating titers of Kaolin rubi to various microorganisms were 500-1,000 but titer of Ricinus communis L. was only 50. 4) Ricinus communis L. showed bactericidal action to Sa. cerevisiae but Kaolin rubi had no such effect.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.666-670
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• 2007

Efficacy of antioxidative activity and nitrite scavenging ability of methanol extract from Ricinus communis. was investigated. Electron-donating ability of extract at RC$_{50}$ was 114.02 ${\mu}g$/mL. After addition of 0.46 mg/mL extract, autoxidation of pyrogallol decreased to 32.99% by superoxide dismutase-like activity. In antioxidative activity of extract against linoleic acid during incubation times of 24, 48, 96 hours at 40$^{\circ}C$, lipid peroxidation values significantly decreased by 85.50%, 87.77%, 90.95% with addition of 0.2 mg/mL, respectively. Total phenolic content was determined as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and values revealed 83.98 ${\pm}$ 5.66 GAE ${\mu}g$/mg of extract. Nitrite scavenging ability showed the most remarkable effect at pH 1.2, decreasing to 47.24% by addition of 0.2 mg/mL. These results suggest that methanol extract from Ricinus communis. can be used as bioactive and functional material.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.524-528
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• 2017

Ricinus communis, belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, has been known as medicinal plants for treatment of inflammation, tumors, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and laxative. Compared to many pharmacological studies, the effect of R. communis extract on regulating adipogenesis as therapeutic drug for treating obesity has not been reported. R. communis extract (RCE) was investigated to determine its effects on the adipogenesis by monitoring the status of $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling and factors involving the differentiation of adipocytes. The differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells monitored by Oil Red O staining was inhibited in concentration dependent manner by RCE. The luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells containing pTOPFlash with Tcf4 response element-luciferase gene was increased approximately 2-folds by the treatment of RCE at concentrations of $100{\mu}g/mL$ compared to the control. Activation of the $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ pathway by RCE was further confirmed by immunocytochemical analysis which shows an increment of nuclear localization of ${\beta}-catenin$. In addition, safety of RCE was verified through performing neural stem cell morphology assay. Among the identified flavonoids in RCE, isoquercitrin was the most abundant. Therefore, these results indicate that the adipocyte differentiation was significantly reduced by isoquercitrin in R. communis. In this study, RCE suppresses the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells via the activation of $Wnt/{\beta}-catenin$ signaling.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.353-361
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• 2018

RFW and RFE of castor fruit selected as part of the development of natural antimicrobials and antioxidants yielded 15.8% and 18.4% respectively. In the results of measuring the antimicrobial activity through paper disc method, the antimicrobial activity of castor fruits in ethanol extracts appeared. Especially, the activity was excellent in P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, and antimicrobial activity of C. was 1.5mm up to 16 hours. However, the proliferation of C. was observed again after 24 hours. In the MIC experiment results of RFE, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa showed 96% and 93% of antimicrobial activity, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of RLW and castor leaf ethanol extract showed $1.8{\pm}0.6%$ and $2.1{\pm}0.7%$ free radical scavenging activity at $1000({\mu}g/m{\ell})$. This study is expected to provide basic data for the development of antimicrobial agents and antioxidants using natural products.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 1989

Developmental anatomy was conducted in order to elucidate the differentiating pattern of fascicular cambial initials in the hypocotyl of Ricinus communis. The homogeneous procambium with relatively short cells in early stage is transformed into a heterogeneous structure with long and short cells in late stage in tangential view. Fusiform and ray initials are gradually originated from the long and short cells of the procambium in hypocotyl in later stage respectively. Fusiform initials are not shorter than procambial cells because of the successive elongation of vascular meristematic cells. Therefore, the distinction between procambium and fascicular cambium is not made from comparison with their cell length. The characteristics of the fascicular cambium are gradully acquired at or just after completion of hypocotyl elongation.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.128-129
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• 2008

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.301-305
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• 2008

Forty Ricinus communis collections were obtained from RDA National Agrobiodiversity Center for knowing the possibility of the use as a bio-diesel possibility crop. These are analysis results about crude fat and fatty acid. Gas chromatogram of seed collections analysis showed 6 peaks and retention time of ricinoleic acid was about 17.1 minute. Average oil content of collections were ranged from 44.6 to 49.4% and the difference was between maximum 52.5% and minimum 41.4%. Fatty acid composition was almost unsaturated fatty acid of 97.6% and saturated fatty acid showed low content of 2.4%. Ricinoleic acid was 87.3% and the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid in fatty acid was 4.6%, and 5.2%, respectively. The content of palmitic acid and stearic acid was about 1% and the difference was insignificant. The content of linolenic acid was extremely low as 0.6%.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 1995

The contents of sucrose and reducing sugars of cotyledons and hypocotyls of Ricinus communis L were increased slightly during cold treatment at $4^{\circ}C$. The concentration of total amino acids was increased continuosly during cold treatment. But the contents of hydrophilic amino acids, Asp/Asn, Glu/Gln, Thr, Ser, Ala and cationic amino acids, Arg and Lys were varied dramatically with the cold treated time. The cold treatment induced 24, 52, 54, 55, 56 and 73.5kD of proteins in cotyledons and 55, 56 and 73.5kD of proteins in hypocotyls. 24, 42, 49 and 52kD of proteins in cotyledons and hypocotyls were boiling stable. They were not denatrated by boiling at $100^{\circ}C$.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.238-239
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• 2008

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 1996

To treatment of Ricinus cotyledons with ABA, induced several proteins with molecular weights of 53, 54, 56, 58 and 73.5kD. 54 and 56kD among those proteins resulted in increased more when ABA concentrations in external media are increased. The molecular weight of 35, 49, 53, 54, 62, 65 and 79kD of proteins are induced by ABA treatment of roots. The induced proteins are not the same a those by cold treatment exception of 73.5kD of cotyledons and 62kD of roots. 49, 58 and 79kD of proteins are important to research in future because of the induction of proteins in the presence of cydoheximide(CH) which is blocked the synthesis of proteins.