• Title/Summary/Keyword: Runway surface

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Development of Runway Incursion Risk Assessment Checklist (활주로 침범 위험 분석 체크리스트 개발)

  • Maeng, Sung-Kyu;Jung, Yoon-Sik;Choi, Jin-Kook;Kwon, Bo-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.46-54
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    • 2012
  • One major safety issue of surface operations is the occurrence of runway incursions. Runway incursions are the consequence of multiple operational and/or environmental factors. Human error is known to contribute to almost every runway incursion. One major contributing factor for runway incursion is crew's lack of situational awareness during airport surface operations, induced by weather considerations, by complex airport factors or by crew technique itself; it is also caused by ATC issues. Various airport factors may affect pilot situational awareness, distract the crew, or lead to crew confusion. The recommendations to avoid runway incursions are manifold; Proper Crew's CRM/TEM skills, adequate communication technique, proper knowledge of airport surface markings, lights and signs and preparation of preparation of expected taxi out/in routing. Also runway incursion risk assessment on specific airport before flight may lead to aware of risk level and contribute to prevent runway incursion.

A Study on the Application of Runway Friction Measurements (활주로 마찰계수 측정 및 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Noh, Kun-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.62-68
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    • 2016
  • According to the accident/incident reports of aircraft runway overruns and excursions, it generally shows runway friction reduction and aircraft braking capability deterioration are the basic causes due to adverse weather. Although surface of paved runway gets wet, it also should give good friction capability. If runway surface is worn due to long time usage and friction capability is reduced due to rubber accumulation or weather conditions(snow, rain, ice etc.), airport authorities should rapidly measure friction coefficient and give them to relevant persons through aeronautical information system and support safe takeoff and landing. Operation wise, these information of friction coefficient reduction should be lead to aircraft performance adjustments, but the data from manufacturer(performance manual) are airplane braking coefficient and the data from airport authorities are vehicle measured braking coefficient. But these two data are considered as the same meaning although the definite relationship between them is not clarified yet. So I am trying to search for the technical background of these two data and suggest reasonable method to use them efficiently.

A Study on the Variation in the Risk Probability of Runway Strips due to the Runway Displaced Threshold (활주로시단이설에 따른 착륙대 위험발생빈도 변화 연구)

  • Kim, DoHyun;Chang, Hyoseok
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2021
  • A runway safety area (RSA) is defined as the surface surrounding the runway prepared or suitable for reducing the risk of damage to airplanes in the event of an undershoot, overshoot, or excursion from the runway. The Runway Stripe is a defined area including the runway stopway, if provided, intended firstly to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway, and secondly, to protect aircraft flying over it during takeoff or landing operations. This study used 2 RSA analysis models; RSARA and LRSARA. The analysis utilizes historical data from the specific airport and allows to take into consideration specific operational conditions to which movements are subject, as well as the actual or planned RSA conditions in terms of dimensions, configuration, and boundaries defined by existing obstacles. This study applied the RSA and LRSA risk assessment models to a domestic airport that do not meet the criteria required by standards for aerodrome physical characteristics. The airport is considering a method to secure the runway strip standard through the displaced threshold. This study intends to confirm through quantitative risk estimation whether meeting facility standards through the runway displaced threshold leads to a positive change in risk mitigation.

Searching through the Legal Requirements of Airfield's Obstacle Limitation Surface for Extension of Goheung Aviation Test Center (고흥항공센터 확장을 위한 비행장 장애물 제한표면의 법적요건 조사)

  • Kim, Nan-Young;Han, Chang-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2012
  • Korea Aerospace Research Institute(KARI) has accomplished the planning study for setting up the mid-long term development plan of Goheung Aviation Test Center for the extensive use. In the future the aviation center will have a role of the complex center for the flight test, component test and R&D in Korea. KARI searches the legal requirements and informations for constructing the aviation test airfield in Goheung. Aviation law describes a lot of requirements to construct an airfield and the airfield also needs runway, equipments/facilities, obstacle limitation surfaces/distances, limitation altitudes and air space etc.. In this study the research results for the obstacle limitation Surface are mainly presented relating to the existing runway and the new large-scaled runway in Goheung.

Seismic Techniques for the Integrated Assessment of Structural Integrity of Concrete Runway (콘크리트 활주로 건전도상태의 종합평가를 위한 비파괴 탄성파기법)

  • Joh Sung-Ho;Kang Tae-Ho;Cho Mi-Ra;Suh Young-Chan;Kwon Soo-Ahn
    • Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.51-63
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    • 2005
  • Concrete pavement may suffer from material deterioration or structural problems, which lead to surface cracks and deflection of a concrete pavement. Degraded concrete pavement, when it is still under operation, should be recovered by an urgent maintenance to avoid the discontinued service leading to the significant traffic problems and economic loss. Seismic techniques are good tools to assess the structural integrity of concrete runway. It is because seismic techniques can evaluate engineering properties nondestructively and quickly and the evaluation can be extended to subgrade. In this study, a series of numerical simulations of stress-wave propagation were performed to verify feasibility of seismic techniques as an assessment tool. Based on the results of the numerical simulation, a framework of using seismic techniques was presented fur the nondestructive integrated assessment fur structural integrity of concrete runway. And the presented framework was applied to $\bigcirc\bigcirc$ concrete runway with surface cracks, which required urgent maintenance, to identify the causes of the surface cracks. The results obtained from the structural integrity assessment were compared with the measurements of the cores collected from the same runway for verification of the presented framework.

Monte Carlo Simulation of MR Damper Landing Gear Taxiing Mode under Nonstationary Random Excitation

  • Lee, Hyo-Sang;Jang, Dae-Sung;Hwang, Jai-Hyuk
    • Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.10-17
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    • 2020
  • When an aircraft is taxiing, excitation force is applied according to the shape of the road surface. The sprung mass acceleration caused by the excitation of the road surface negatively affects the feeling of boarding. This paper addresses the verification process of the semi-active control method applied to improve the feeling of boarding. The Magneto-Rheological damper landing gear model is employed alongside the control method. It is a Oleo-Pneumatic damper filled with a fluid having the characteristics of increasing yield stress when subjected to a magnetic field. The control method involves verifying Skyhook Control Type2 developed by Skyhook control. The Sinozuka white noise model that considers runway characteristics was employed for the road surface in the simulation. The runway road surface obtained through this model has stochastic characteristics, so the dynamic characteristics were analyzed by applying Monte-Carlo simulation. A dynamic analysis was conducted by co-simulating the landing gear model made by RecurDyn and the control method designed by Simulink. Simulation results show that the Skyhook Control Type2 method has the best control effect in the low speed range compared to the passive type (without control) and skyhook control.

A Study on Evaluating the Applicability of Trapezoidal-shaped Grooves to Airport Runways (사다리꼴 형상 그루빙의 공항 활주로 적용성 평가 연구)

  • Cho, Nam-Hyun;Kim, Dong-Chul;Phi, Seung-Woo;Shin, Joong-Ha
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.78-87
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    • 2021
  • This study is to evaluate the applicability and performance of trapezoidal-shaped grooves on domestic airport runways. For this, the constructability, drainage performance, and friction resistance characteristics of trapezoidal-shaped grooves compared to square-shaped grooves were evaluated through test construction on pavement at Incheon Airport. As a result of the test construction, the trapezoidal-shaped grooves satisfies the required geometry standards and tolerance, and secured a macrotexture that was 25% improved compared to the square-shaped grooves. It was confirmed that trapezoid-shaped grooves secured drainage performance of more than 7-9%, and surface friction performance improved compared to existing grooves when the surface of the pavement was wet as the test speed increased in the dry state. In addition, after trapezoidal-shaped grooves was installed on the RWY 16R/34L of Incheon Airport, the friction coefficient was 0.84, which satisfies the design level of the new runway surface of 0.82 at the test speed.

Evaluation of Friction and Hydroplaning Characteristic in Aifield Using Dry Grooving Method (건식그루빙을 사용한 공항 활주로의 마찰 및 수막현상 특성평가)

  • Park, Tae-Soon
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.3 no.3 s.9
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2001
  • Since the advent of turbojet aircraft with their greater weight and high landing speed breaking performance on runway surface has become un critical. Under certain weather conditions(wet weather, winter) hydroplaning or unacceptable loss of traction can occur, resulting in poor braking performance and possible loss of directional control. To address this concern a number of research project me conducted by NASA, FAA, USAF. The various method which was reported the advantage of the increasing the friction and decreasing the hydroplaning effect. A-2 section of inchon international airport was grooved using drying grooving method. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the dry grooving method the surface was spray with water and measured the fiction factor and the depth of the water using Mu meter and water depth measuring device. The field test results shooed that the fiction factor nos increased and the depth of the water decreased. The dry grooving method illustrated the reduction of hydroplaning and also, no distress on the runway.

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An Analysis on the Degradation of Elevation Angle Accuracy Due to the Multi-Path Effect Using a Phased Array Antenna and the Beam Pattern Optimization to Minimize Its Degradation (위상배열 안테나를 활용한 다중 경로 효과에 의한 고각 정확도 열화 분석 및 열화 최소화를 위한 빔 패턴 최적화)

  • Kim, Young-Wan;Lee, JaeMin;Chae, Heeduck;Jin, Hyung-suk;Park, Jongkuk
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.27 no.12
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    • pp.1036-1043
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    • 2016
  • In this paper, an analysis about the elevation angle accuracy degradation of an APAR(Airport Precision Approach Radar) due to the multi-path effect using a phased array antenna was performed. An APAR installed around a runway of airport will be continuously affected in a runway surface of the fixed environment. In this paper, an analysis about the elevation angle accuracy degradation of APAR due to the multi-path effect of runway surface was conducted through a calculation of monopluse slope and sum/difference beam pattern analysis of array antenna. Also, a difference pattern for monopulse to minimize this degradation was optimized in an appropriate configuration to improve a elevation angle accuracy. Finally, a degree of improvement of elevation angle accuracy was confirmed by calculating a monopulse slope including the ground reflection after applying optimized difference patterns of array antenna.

Variation of Friction Coefficient of Airport Runway Surface by Rubber Deposits (고무 퇴적물에 의한 공항 활주로 표면 마찰계수 변화)

  • Cheon, Sung-Han;Lim, Jin-Sun;Park, Joo-Young;Jeong, Jin-Hoon
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.131-137
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, overseas criteria and research results were reviewed to develop a rational criterion proper to domestic airport runways on measurement of friction coefficient and removal of rubber deposit. The friction coefficients of the runways of the Incheon International Airport were measured by the ASFT(Airport Surface Friction Tester) from August 2007 to July 2009 and the data at intensively landed points were analyzed. Variation of the friction coefficient due to accumulation and removal of tire rubber was analyzed and seasonal influence on the variation were investigated by pavement types. The friction coefficient steadily decreased over a long term despite periodical removal of the rubber deposits. The variation of the friction coefficient in summer was larger than other seasons and asphalt pavement was more sensitive to the seasonal influence than concrete pavement. The friction coefficient of the asphalt pavement with macro texture was even larger than that of early age concrete pavement with micro texture. The variation of the friction coefficient of the asphalt pavement due to the deposit and removal of the tire rubber was also larger than that of the concrete pavement.