• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 1999

The cellular growth inhibition of 20 natural products was screened using SRB (sulforhodamine B) assay against 4 human cancer cell lines(SNU-1, SNU-C$_{4}$, Hep3B, Kato III). Ethanol extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Saussurea lappa and Chelidonium majus showed potent anticancer activity among them, and further, it was fractionated into methylene chloride, hexane and methanol. Methylene chloride and methanol fraction of Salvia radix showed significant inhibitory activity against 4 human cancer cell lines. The effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza on anticancer activity in vitro models was evaluated with methylene chloride fraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Life span of ICR mice implanted with sarcoma-180 was increased by 40-61% and BDF$^{1}$ mice implanted with L1210 was increased by 66-89% upon intraperitoneal administration with methylene chloride fraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Based on these result, we suggested that Salvia miltiorrhiza showed anticancer activity on the in vivo and in vitro models

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.429-437
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• 2012

Objectives : Obesity is an important cause of diabetes, and lipotoxicity causes insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on high fat diet-induced obese type 2 diabetic mouse models. Methods : Diabetes was induced in ICR male mouse (23~25 g) with Surwit's high fat, high sucrose diet. Mice were divided into 4 groups (n=10) of normal, control, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and metformin. After 8 weeks, body weight, OGTT, fructosamine, lipid profile, serum level of adiponectin and leptin, epididymal fat pad, liver weight and epididymal adipocyte size were measured. Results : Salvia miltiorrhiza significantly reduced oral glucose tolerance levels, fructosamine serum level, epididymal fat weight, and epididymal adipocyte size. Salvia miltiorrhiza also increased HDL-cholesterol, adiponectin and leptin serum levels. Conclusions : These results show that Salvia miltiorrhiza improves insulin resistance. Therefore we suggest that Salvia miltiorrhiza would be an effective treatment for obese type 2 diabetic patients.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.262-265
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigated optimum mixing ratio of Korean cultivation Salvia miltiorrhiza for production of functional oyster mushroom. Mycerial growth was slow at addition of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and significant difference by increase of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Yields of fruiting body show the highest to 139.5 g/850 ml of medium which are addition 5 g/bottle of Salvia miltiorrhiza but rapid decrease by increase of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Diameter of pileus and thick of stipes were higher at addition Salvia miltiorrhiza than those of the controls. Thick of pileus and length of stipes were the highest at addition 30g, and 20 g and 30 g of Salvia miltiorrhiza. The L value of stipes were the highest at addition 20 g and 50 g of Salvia miltiorrhiza and the L value of pileus were the highest at addition 30 g of Salvia miltiorrhiza, but there was no significant difference in the a-value and the b-value.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.787-799
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• 2008

Objective : Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end stage renal disease. AGE, $TGF-{\beta}1$ type IV collagen, and macrophage/monocyte infiltration are the main factors of diabetic nephropathy. We investigated the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on renal function and histopathological changes in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy rat model. Methods : Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats(290${\pm}$10g) by injecting STZ(45mg/kg) into the tail vein. Rats were divided into 3 groups(n = 6): normal, control, and salvia. After 8 weeks of administration of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract on the Salvia group, we checked 24 hrs urine, blood biochemistry and renal tissue to evaluate renal function and histopathological changes by examining parameters including albuminuria, BUN, creatinine, cholesterol, LDL, TG, macrophage/monocyte antigen(ED-1), $TGF-{\beta}1$, AGE, and type IV collagen. Results : Salvia miltiorrhiza decreased the amount of 24hrs proteinuria, and inhibited histopathological changes of diabetic nephropathy including the expression and accumulation of various factors which could promote development of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusion : These findings suggest that Salvia miltiorrhiza might protect the renal function and inhibit the development of renal injury by regulating factors including AGE, $TGF-{\beta}1$ Type IV collagen, macrophage and monocyte infiltration. So Salvia miltiorrhiza can be used for diabetic patients to prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.158-162
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• 1999

The rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge(Labiatae) has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of coronary heart diseases and myocardial infarction. As a part of a research for standardization of crude oriental drugs, we have determined the content of tanshinone IIA in Salvia miltiorrhiza purchased from various regions of Korea. The HPLC method by which quantitative analysis was conducted, showed reproducible results and chromatographic isolation of tanshinone IIA was accomplished successively.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.111-114
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• 2004

This study was carried out to evaluate the inhibition of growth and collagenase activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge against microorganisms causing periodontal diseases. The ethanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza showed sig-nificant growth inhibition against microorganisms causing periodontal diseases. Ethanol extract was further fractionated with organic solvents in the order of hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. Among the fractions tested, the hexane fraction showed the highest cell growth inhibition. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract against C. curvus, C. rectus, E. corrodens, F nucleatum, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and W. succinogenes were 200, 50, 50, 250, 150, 250 and 200 ${\mu}g$/ml, respectively. The inhibition of collagenase activity by organic solvent fractions were higher than that of minocycline, and the inhibition ratio of collagenase activity was $88.2{\pm}2.1$ % in the chloroform fraction.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.4 s.135
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• pp.293-296
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• 2003

This study was carried out to evaluate cytotoxic effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and KB cell lines. Disruptions in cell organelles were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The comparison of $IC_{50}$ of values of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts in KB cell lines showed that their susceptibility to these extracts decreased in the following order: hexane extract > chloroform extract > methanol extract> dichloromethane extract > ethyl acetate extract>ethanol extract by the MTT method. The dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza was extracted several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC's) of the extract against microorganisms were also examined. Amtimicrobial activity of ketoconazol as reference was compared to those of extracts of hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of all extracts from the sample had growth inhibition activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and fungi. These results suggest that the hexane and chloroform soluble extracts of Salvia miltiorrhiza may be a valuable choice for the studies on the tumor cell lines and growth inhibition activity.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.332-337
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• 1994

Using germinal and somatic cell mutation assaying systems of Drosophila melanogaster, effects of Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts on the in vivo mutagenicity induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) were investigated. For these purpose, the attached-X method and the mwh/flr spot test system which are an X-linked lethal mutation and a somatic chromosome mutation assaying system, respectively, were used. In the induction of X-linked lethal mutations during the spermatogenesis, MNNG showed more actions in the sperm and spermatid stages, in which Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts had remarkable inhibitory effects than other stages. Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts reduced the mutagenicity by MNNG in the mwh/flr system, which reveal that they can inhibit gene mutation, deletion and mitotic chromosomal recombination. These results seem to suggest that Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts may exert their inhibitory effects to in vivo mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties of DNA-damaging agents.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3 s.63
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• pp.98-109
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was designed to identify the effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza or antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 33400. Methods : The ethanol- and water-extracts of more than 80 oriental herbal medicines were investigated by the Kirby-Bauer method to determine their inhibitory effect on growth of S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400 in vitro. Of thorn, Salvia Miltiorrhiza was selected. Results : The ethanol-soluble extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza showed relatively high antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400. However, the water-soluble extract of Salvia Miltionrhiza showed no antibacterial activity. The ethanolic extract was forker fractionated with organic solvents such as hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate in that order. Among the fraction tested, the chloroform fraction showed the highest antibacterial activity, when the ethanol-soluble extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 25${\mu}g/ml$. Conclusions : Further study should be carried out to identity of the cell growth inhibition effects of S. pneumoniae ATCC 33400.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.299-310
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza on rat hepatic stellate cells. Materials and Methods : Hepatic stellate cells(HSC-T6) were treated with various concentrations of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract for 24 hours. It was extracted either with distilled water or 50% EtOH. After the treatment, cell viability, proliferation, procollagen levels and the mRNA of the collagen type 1a2 and ASMA were measured Results : The viability and proliferation of the hepatic stellate cells were decreased as concentration increased. The mRNA expression decreased consistently with the volume of the secreted procollagen with the extraction made with distilled water. This indicates the herb has inhibitory effect on fibrogenesis of the liver by regulating one of the fibrosis associated genes in transcription. However it increased in 50% EtOH extraction, which shows that a more stable reaction is expected of the extraction made with distilled water than the extraction made with 50% EtOH. The production of procollagen was decreased by a low-concentration treatment with Salvia miltiorrhiza, but increased by a high concentration. It seemed that the cells were responding to Salvia miltiorrhiza in low- concentration, thus producing smaller amounts of collagen. When the drug was administered in high enough concentration to give direct toxicity to cells, an overproduction of collagen was observed. Conclusion : These results suggest that Salvia miltiorrhiza is a possible candidate for the treatment of cirrhotic patients as well as for patients with chronic hepatitis when extracted with water in the proper concentrations.