• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.129-129
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• 2022

The production area of Italian ryegrass feed is gradually increasing and labor-saving technologies are being developed. If sowing and fertilization are carried out agricultural drones, working hours and labor are reduced. The purpose of this study is to suggest an appropriate seedling amount for feed production by drone spreading of Italian ryegrass in spring. In addition, we would like to review the productivity of the drone seeding machine that is being developed by Rural Development Administration(RDA) of Korea. Italian ryegrass was sown by a drone in February at the NICS located in Gyehwa-hwa, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea. In Experiment 1, 50kg/ha, 60, 70, and 80 seeding rates were sown with a horizontal spreader drone. In Experiment 2, uniform spreaders type drone and horizontal spreader type were sown with the same seeding amount and compared. The drone was sown using the AF-52 aircraft. The higher the seeding amount, the higher the emergence rate. As the seeding amount increased, the plant length increased, but the number of tillers per individual decreased. The dry matter weight of the feed was the highest at 1,326kg/10a at the seeding rate of 70kg/ha, and decreased by 20.5% at the seeding rate of 80kg/ha. The coverage ratio was the highest at 96 at the seeding rate of 70kg/ha, which was the most advantageous for spring sowing. In the comparative experiment according to the spreader type, the uniform spreader had a high emergence rate per unit area. When the uniform spreader was used, the dry matter weight of the feed was 17% higher than that of the horizontal one, and the coverage was about 5% higher.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal amount and the mixture ratio of seeds for revegetation species by investigating their growth characteristics. For the purpose of the experiments, 15 plants were chosen. In May of 1995 to September of 1998, the nursery seedbeds of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University were seeded with the mixtures of those species. Then, the nursery seedbeds were treated to investigate the effects of the amount of seeding, the amount of fertilizer, and the depth of soil on the growth characteristics. As the results of the experiments, it was found that the effects of all the treatments on growth of shoots and roots were significant in the early phase. For the expected number of seedlings more than 3,000 per square meter, many seedlings got withered to death while the survivors were suppressed to grow slow in the early stage due to the density problem.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.64-68
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• 2000

This study was conducted to determine effects of seeding date, method, and amount on the growth and yield in dill (Anethum graveolens L.). Dill was seeded at six different dates (from Feb. 15 to May 16 at 15 days interval) and two seeding methods (drilling and broadcasting). Required days to emergence, days to flowering and days to maturity were decreased as seeding date was late. In growth characteristics, plant height was significantly different at different seeding times, and lodging affect plant growth in the case of Feb. 15 and Mar. 2 seeding. Essential oil contents was not affected by different seeding times except Feb. 15. Seed yield was different at different seeding times. In seeding method tests, yield was increased by 14% in drill seeding compared with those in broadcast seeding. Regarding the amount of seeding, the yield from the plot of 3 l /10a was increased more 24% than 1 l/10a plot. As a result, this study suggest that dill have to be seeded before April 1 with drill seeding method and the optimum seeding amount appeared to be 3 l/10a.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.425-431
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• 2014

Most fields in highland areas are covered with rye or hairy vetch for conservation during a fallow. However, using cover crops needs an effort to sow, and this makes top soil more vulnerable to loss due to surface disturbances. The aims of this study were to develop an automatic seeding-regulator device using a low-price, extensive-use GPS sensors and a DC motors and to evaluate a working efficiency of it after adaptation to partial tillage machine for reducing seeding effort. The amount of runoff water and soil loss was evaluated with partial tillage and simultaneous-seeding after harvesting soybean, in 17% slope lysimeters. In results, the seeding amount with the machine speed was stable between $0.5{\sim}0.8m\;s^{-1}$ of working sections. The automatic control device of seeding-rate could be enough to solve the slip problems of power selecting supply system or five four-wheel drive device. In partial tillage and simultaneous seeding, runoff water was 11.6% ($1.8m^3ha^{-1}$) of the scatter-seeding control ($15.5m^3ha^{-1}$) and soil loss was 13.2% ($7kg\;ha^{-1}$) of the scatter-seeding control ($53kg\;ha^{-1}$). These results suggest that partial tillage and simultaneous-seeding methods are very effective in decreasing work effort and soil loss of sloped land.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.700-706
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• 2012

Influences of different seeding dates on growth, seed yield, fatty acid composition and oil content were investigated in flax plants for two years. The results indicated that plant height in early seeding date was higher than that of delayed seeding dates during first season. Furthermore, seeding date also significantly affected the ripened seed rate and the rate increased with the delay in seeding date in first season. Seed yield in the first crop season was significantly higher than the second crop season. Palmitic acid showed variation in different seeding dates. Contrarily, stearic acid was stable and did not changed by different seeding dates. Linolenic acid was found in highest amount in all seeding dates consecutively in two cropping years. Highest oil content was recovered from the seeds of flax sown at 29 Apr. and May 9 in first and second cropping year respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.448-452
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum sowing amount for raising rice seedlings in automatic facility. four levels of seeding amount, 200, 220, 250 and 300 tray were applied to compare the seedling characteristics according to seeding density. Sowing dates were fixed at May 10 for single cropping and June 10 for double cropping. The seedling height was taller as the increase of sowing amount from 200g to 300g/tray, however the seedling quality was decreased with increasing of seed density. At 40-50 days after transplanting, there was no significant difference in the plant height and tiller number among the rice seedling raised under different seeding densities. Grain yield of 15-day old seedlings transplanted at May 25 was not significantly different among four different levels of seeding amount. However, the yield of 10day old seedling transplanted at June 20 was significantly higher in seeding density of 250g/tray than that of 300g/tray.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.30 no.5 s.112
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• pp.261-267
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• 2005

In order to save labor and cost, direct seeding has been considered as an important alternative to the machine transplanting in rice cultivation. As current seeders for direct seeding of rice seeds drill irregular amount of seeds under various operating conditions, conventional drilling should be turned to precision planting which enables accurate placement of proper amount of rice seeds at equal intervals within rows. In this study, design, construction and performance evaluation of a precision seed metering device for planting of rice seeds were carried out. As prototype, the conventional roller type seed metering device was modified for planting: increasing diameter of metering roller, setting 2 or 4 seed cells on metering roller, adding seed discharging lid and its driving cam mechanism. Through performance tests for prototype and the current seed metering device, number of seeds in a hill, planting space and its error ratio, coefficient of variation of planting space (planting accuracy), and seeding length of $90\%$ of seeds in a hill divided by planting space (planting precision) at setting planting spaces of 15, and 20cm, seeding heights of 10, and 20cm, and seeding speeds of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5m/s were investigated. Prototype showed better seed planting performance than the current seed metering devices. When setting planting space of 15 cm and seeding height of 10cm, prototype with 2 seed cells showed that variations of planting space and seeding lengths of $90\%$ of seeds in a hill at up to seeding speed of 0.5m/s were within 0.9cm, and 3.6cm, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.271-279
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• 1996

This study was conducted to find out the appropriate rates of mixed-seeding of native woody and herb species. It was carried out in greenhouse from 1994 to 1995. The early days germination individuals were $60no./m^2$ in case of woody species for mixed seeding treatment and the treatments were fertilization, soil surface treatment, seeding amount. The investigation factors are the number of individuals of woody and herb species, biomass, height, number of tillers, etc. The mean individuals of Lespedeza bicolor and Amorpha frutzcosa were investigated $1.14no./m^2$, $0.496no./m^2$ in 1995, and Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora and Alnus hirsuta were withering to death. In 1995, the Individuals of Oenothera odorata, Themeda triandra var. japonica, Cymbopogon tortilis var. goeringii, Miscanthus sinensis, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Lespedeza cuneata, and Arundinella hirta were investigated $5.06no./m^2$, $1,072no./m^2$, $0no./m^2$, $412.53no./m^2$, $88.6no./m^2$, $8.9no./m^2$, $57.46no./m^2$, respectively, in case of herb species. The height and biomass of Lespedeza bicolor and Amorpha fruticosa showed very fast growth, and those of Themeda triandra var. japonica, Miscanthus sinensis had a similar tendency. For the changes in woody species, according to the seeding amount, there was no significant relationship between species, but It was highly significant in 1995. In case of the herb species, the relationship between the number of individuals and seeding amount was significant for both 1994 and 1995. The most number of tiller was Miscanthus sinensis(21), and showed Themeda triandra var. japonica, Arundinella hirta in descending order. For the mixed seeding of wood and herb species, the number of individuals, height, biomass, tiller of herb species diminished as the seeding amount of herb species increased. It can be concluded that using Lespedeza bicolor and Amorpha fruticosa for woody species and like Arundinella hirta in herb species will be efficient for revegetation measures. It seems, therefore, that the plants of revegetation methods will be used to Lespedeza bicolor, Amorpha fruticosa and Arundinella hirta, and further study is needed on the seeding amount.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.70-73
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• 2010

This study was carried out to clarify the difference of growth characteristics and ginsenoside content in 5-year-old ginseng root grown by direct seeding and transplanting cultivation. Root weight per plant of direct seeding cultivation was lower than that of transplanting cultivation. Fresh and dry matter partitioning ratio of direct seeding cultivation was high in main root and low in lateral because direct seeding cultivation root elongated the length of main root, while it suppressed the growth of lateral root. Total amount of ginsenoside contents by direct seeding and transplanting cultivation were 362.8 and 320.3 mg in main root, 188.6 and 548.8 mg in lateral root, 170.7 and 273.8 mg in fine root. Its contents of whole root per plant were 722.1 and 1142.9 mg by direct seeding and transplanting, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.541-549
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• 1992

Lodging and rainfalls during ripening periods and ripening patterns were studied by the different maturing varieties and different seeding dates in labour saving-direct seeding cultivation of rice. Period of emergency in earlier seeding plot was longer than later seeding plot and standing seedlings per unit area and rate of standing seedlings were more and high by the later seeding date. Number of panicles per unit area was decreased by the later seeding dates. On the other hand, the rate of effective tillers was lowest at later seeding plot. Days from seeding to flowering were shortened by the later seeding dates due to the increase of daily growth temperature and reduce of day length. There was much rainfalls during ripening period of early maturing varietal group, however not much rainfalls during ripening period of medium and late maturing varietal groups. The degree of lodging at field was severer by the amount of rainfalls during ripening period. Earlier seeding plots and earlier maturing varietal groups. of used varieties were revealed heavier lodging compared to later seeding plots and later maturing varietal groups. Yield and yield related characteristics were high and good by the earlier seeding dates, especially ripening rate was clear.