• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.85-105
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for practical and concrete program development, which can give students satisfaction in sex education. To achieve this purpose, an actual status of sex education for high school student and their sexual experience were investigated. And then tried to find out if there is difference of satisfaction in sex education and contents that they want to learn based on having sexual experience or not. For this study, a questionnaire of sexual awareness was conducted on 562 students among first graders and second graders of high school located in Kongju city, from on October 4th, 2004 to on October 15th. But only 550 answer sheets among 562 were analyzed, for 12 answer sheets were not proper enough to apply to this study. The collected data was computerized using SPSS WIN in frequency and percentage for actual condition of sex education and sexual experience and for satisfaction at the result of sex education based on having sexual experience or not. And then the $x^2$-test was verify the difference. The requirement for sex education, based on having sexual experience or not, was analyzed using t-test by computerizing the average and standard deviation. The conclusion of this study are as followings; 1. 93.8% students have ever been taught for sex education by teachers, but nursing teacher among them was the higher percentage than any other teachers. They took courses for sex education in discretion class, and the teaching method was a kind of lecture. 2. After taking sex education, 37.6% students said that it was boring, for they had already known the contents of the courses, and 43.8% students said that they acquired sex knowledge through the Internet and mass media. 3. It was highest percentage that 36.9% students had no agony about sex. The most serious worry was a sexual impulse and the sexual psychology of the opposite sex. To solve these worries, 61.6% students said that they consulted with their friends. 4. It showed that 89.9% male students and 71.6% female students had experiences various lascivious materials, 81.4% male students, 7.2 female students experienced masturbation, 52.7% female student and 44.8% male students experienced kissing or hugging, and 13.7% male students and 9.9% female students experienced sexual intercourse. 5. The satisfaction for sex education based on having sexual experience or not was different. In short, it showed that the students who experienced sexual experiences such as accessing to lascivious materials, kissing, hugging, and sexual intercourse except masturbation thought that sex education was important than the students who didn't experience sexual experiences. On the other hand, the students who didn't experience sexual experiences were more satisfied with the contents and level of sex education than the students who experienced sexual experiences. 6. The requirement for sex education based on having sexual experience or not was also different. The students who experienced sexual experiences wanted to learn an acquaintance with the other sex than the others. On the other hand, the students who didn't experience sexual experience wanted to learn friendship and love. The students who experienced sexual experience except masturbation was more desirable for taking sex education than the other students. In conclusion, it is fully required that sex education should be regular subject in school and teachers who are charge of sex education should be experts in this field, for only expert can teach systematic and adequate sex knowledge to students. In addition, it is also essential to understand contents of sex education which can be satisfactory for students' requirement. So we should develop concrete and practical programs for sex education.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.245-256
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to examne the relationship between sex-role-identity and life adjustment which adult patients perceive by means of the analysis of the relationship between the sex-role-identity and life adjustment which are perceived by adult patients who are hospitalized. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate how the adult patients describe their own Sex role-identity. Sceondary purpose is to find out whether their Sex role-identity is related to life adjustment and which life circumstances. If any are associated with Sex role identity. 207 adult patients who were older than 30 years living under 65 years were admitted to the hospital in Seoul. Were interviewed with measures including the Bem Sex Role Inventory short Form. Life adjustment and current life situation. For data analysis, X$^2$-test, ANOVA, and Scheffe test were used. The results are summarized as follows ; (1) Most adult patients described androgynous Sex role-identity. (2) Sex role-identity differentiated significantly life adjustment. (3) Perceived Sex role identity was related to the Several dimension of life sityation such as marital status family construction activity. By the result of this study, the present writer is to suggest as follows ; Firstly, in the aspect of the study of nursing the many -sided and desirable study on the relation between the sex-role-identity life ajustment, and the study which a nurse can control and prevent the anxiety of adult patients by means of examining the measure and the cause of the emotional support on a patient must be accomplished. Secondly, in the aspect of the aspect of the practical affairs of nursing the practical effort which puts emphasis on the whole personal nursing in the performance of the duty, and the institutional support in the nursing administration must be planned in order to increase the efficiency of the nursing service by promoting the whole -personal nursing role of a nurse.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.156-163
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• 2012

Objectives: It is necessary to examine groups carrying out sexually risky behavior because the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is high among them. In this study, the prevalence of STDs among homosexuals and sexbuying men in South Korea was investigated, along with their sexual risk factors. Methods: Men who have sex with men (MSMs, n=108) were recruited in Seoul and Busan by applying the time location sampling method, while sex-buying men (n=118) were recruited from a john school in Gyeonggi province, the suburbs of Seoul. Dependent variables included past or present infection with syphilis, Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and human immunodeficiency virus. Independent variables included health behavior, social support, sexual behavior, and safe sex. Results: It was found that when the MSMs were non-drunk while having sexual intercourse (odds ratio [OR], 0.132), they showed a higher STD infection rate when they had a higher number of anal sex partners (OR, 5.872), rarely used condoms (OR, 1.980), had lower self-efficacy (OR, 0.229), and were more anxious about becoming infected with an STD (OR, 3.723). However, the men who paid for sex showed high STD infections when they had more sex partners (OR, 2.286) and lower education levels (OR, 3.028). Conclusions: STD infections among the two groups were high when they were engaged with many sex partners and not having protected sex. In other words, there was a gap in risky sex behavior within such groups, which was significantly related to the possibility of developing an STD. Therefore, the preventive intervention against STDs for these groups needs to be expanded to include management of sex behaviors.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2008

우리나라의 출생 성비는 자연 상태에서의 출생 성비(natural sex ratio at birth)로 추정되는 105를 초과하고 있는데, 그 원인 중 하나로 남아선호사상으로 인한 인위적인 출산이 있다(e.g. 임신중절 등). 본 연구에서는 임신 중절 없이 남아를 낳을 때까지만 출산을 하려는 가정(family)들의 존재가 출생 성비를 높이는 데에 기여하는지를 알아보기 위하여, 이러한 가정들과 출생 성비(sex ratio at birth)의 관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 남아 한 명을 낳을 때까지만 출산을 하려는 가정의 수가 무한으로 발산할수록 출생 성비는 자연 상태에서의 출생 성비에 확률적으로 수렴하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 즉, 남아를 낳을 때까지만 출산을 하려는 가정들의 존재는 출생 성비에 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인하였다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to find out the factors affecting birth sex ratio which had revealed alarmingly higher in recent years. This study was conducted to get hold of the basic data such as the sex ratio of live births which had been delivered at 5 general hospitals in Taegu from 1982 to 1986. And author chose Dongsan Medical Center from those 5 hospitals for further detailed study, and reviewed 1,286 medical records of mothers who had birth in each February and March from 1984 to 1987. Of these 1,286 deliveries, 30 cases were twin deliveries, which added the total children numbers to 1,316. The findings of this study were as follows: The average of birth sex ratio( 114.5) for 5 years at five general hospitals in Taegu was slightly higher than the traditional birth sex ratio( 102-107) and the highest was 123.4 in 1985. There was no significant difference in birth sex ratio by mother's educational level, her religion nor father's occupation. The birth sex ratio of the cases whose mother was above 35 years old was significantly high(400.0), that of the cases who were born to the mothers who had more than 3rd parity was significantly high(309.5), and that of the cases whose mother had more than two daughters and no son was also significantly high (330.7). The birth sex ratio of the cases who did not have ultrasonogram on their prenatal visits was 87.8. In contrast to this, that of the cases who had ultrasonogram was significantly higher( 135.5). Of the mothers who have more than two daughters and no son' 80.4% (45 cases) had ultrasonogram and their newborn's birth sex ratio was significantly high(542.9). Of the cases who were born to more than 3rd parity mothers, 75.6%(65 cases) of their mothers had ultrasonogram and their sex ratio was significantly high(441.6). It was revealed by this study that the birth sex ratio is changed to significantly high due to sex confirmation of the fetus by ultrasonogram. Thus it is recommended that the value related to having equality of sexes must be ingrained by changing the various social systems and value systems which is now aggrevating the son preference and should provide controlling system which can prohibit the ultrasonogram for sex confirmation only.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.494-507
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• 1999

This study has developed the sex education contents including new natural family plan, concept and principle by receiving the opinions and advices from professionals and professors on sex education, by amending and supplementing existing teaching materials on sex, and examining the books related with sex education contents that reflect the request of teachers and students, and the lack of sex education teaching materials which have been the reason that needs of school sex education has been highly recognized but not vitalized. The developed sex education contents are 8 areas such as knowing my body right, caring my body, observing the ability of being pregnant, marriage, sexual intercourse, process of pregnancy, miscarriage, and sexual violence, 30 lower areas, and 105 detailed contents in their composition, and here are the results of analyses of the degree of request of nurse teachers and the students on them. The teachers showed highest request in the area of sexual violence(M =4.67), the next was my body care(M=4.44), knowing my body right(M =4.38), process of pregnancy(M=4.13), marriage(M=4.11) and sexual intercoursen (M=3.98), ways of judging the ability of being pregnant(M=3.88), and miscarriage(M=3.72) showed comparative higher request than normal. Not like the teachers, the students showed that they requested Marriage area as the highest need(M=3.04) and next was sexual violence(M=3.02), caring my body(M=3.00) to have been higher than normal. Process of pregnancy(M=2.99), Sexual intercourse(M=2.81), miscarriage(M = 2.77), observation of the ability of being pregnant(M=2.74), and knowing my body right(M=2.70) have been the requests lower than normal. This study showed that sexual violence, marriage, caring my body, were the items most requested by both the leacgers and students and in elementary school the development of sex education teaching materials on natural family plan suitable to the level of development of the children has been requested as it has had no inclusion of the concept of natural family plan, and the students in elementary school are concerned on indirect sexual contents related with physical health like regular exercise rather than direct sexual education contents including sexual intercourse. All these show that they are still so naive on sex. The sense of the teachers on sex has been connected with the level of achievement of sex education of the children as it has been the important cause of deciding the contents of sex education. Therefore the materials developed onesidedly by leaders without reflecting the needs or the preference of the students might be worries of bringing shameful. low quality and negative opinions on sex, and on the other hand the children might lose the concerns and interest on sex education, So the materials should be developed to have the contents of sex education coinciding with the request of the children.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2017

분석 결과 밝혀진 주요 사실들은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 개방결혼인식, 성역할고정관념, 혼외관계 수용성, 성적외도 실행의도 등에서 남성이 여성보다 유의하게 높은 수준을 보여 성별차이를 재확인하였다. 둘째, 남성의 경우, 성역할고정관념, 개방결혼인식, 혼외관계수용성은 성적외도실행의도에 각각 직접적인 효과를 미쳤고, 혼외관계수용성은 결혼개방성인식이 성적외도 실행의도에 미치는 영향에 유의미한 부분매개효과가 있는 것이 입증되었다. 성역할고정관념은 혼외관계 수용성에 직접적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 셋째, 여성의 경우 성역할고정관념, 개방결혼에 대한 인식, 혼외관계수용성은 성적외도 실행의도에 각각 직접적인 효과를 미쳤고, 혼외관계 수용성은 결혼개방성인식이 성적 외도실행에 미치는 영향에 유의미한 부분매개효과가 있는 것이 입증되었다. 성역할고정관념이 혼외관계 수용성에 유의한 직접효과가 발견되었다. 따라서 성역할 고정관념이 성적외도 실행의도에 미치는 영향에 있어서 성별에 의한 유의한 조절효과가 있음이 확인되었다. 성적 외도실행의도 및 관련요인에 대한 성별차이를 실증적으로 입증하면서, 함의를 논의하였다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.65-96
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• 1997

본 연구의 목적은 1980년대 중반 이후부터 지속되고 있는 한국사회 전반에 걸친 출생시 성비불균형현상 가운데 특히 다른 지역에 비해 불균형 정도가 심각한 대구지역의 출생시 성비불균형의 원인을 경험적으로 규명하는 데 있다. 이러한 목적에서 한국에서 태어났지만 사회적,문화적,환경적 여건이 서로 다른 미국으로 이민하여 캘리포이아의 베이지역에 거주하고 있는 한국동포 기혼여성들의 성차별의식, 아들선호도, 태아성감별, 인공유산 등 출생시성비에 영향을 미친다고 알려진 요인들을 대구지역의 기혼여성들과 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구에는 대구지역과 미국 캘리포니아 베이지역에서 거주하는 25-44세 사이의 기혼여성들을 대상으로 조사한 설문조사 내용을 자료로 사용하였다. 연구결과 대구지역의 기혼여성들이 미국 베이지역의 한국동포 기혼여성보다 성차별을 더 많이 느끼고 있으며 아들선호도 역시 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 특히 아들을 낳기 위한 노력의 일환으로 임신 전부터 아들을 낳기 위한 시도는 대구지역 기혼여성들이 베이지역 한국동포 기혼여성들보다 2배 정도 더 높으며 태아의 성감별 후 여아로 판명되어 인공중절수술을 실시한 비율은 무려 여섯 배를 능가하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 출생시 성비불균형에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 변수들을 경험적으로 규명하기하기 위하여 도입한 로지스틱회귀분석 결과에 의하면 대구지역의 경우 성차별 정도, 아들선호도, 성감별 등은 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 베이지역의 경우 연령만이 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러므로 본 연구결과를 통하여 우리는 대구지역의 출생시 성비불균형의 가장 큰 원인은 무엇보다도 타지역에 비해 지나치게 강하게 남아있는 유교적 전통에서 비롯되는 아들선호의식에서 출발하고 있음을 알 수 있으며, 이러한 아들선호는 사회계층, 연령, 교육수준의 차이를 막론하고 존재하고 있는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.99-108
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• 1996

The purpose of the survey was to identify the degree and the relationship of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude and need of sex education. This information will provide useful data for a more systematic. desirable, and practical sex education. The data was collected from 300 first grade schoolchildren (150 boys and 150 girls) of two Junior high school in K city. The data was gathered by questionnaire from Nov.21 to 28, 1995. The questionnaire was modified by authors using the questionnaire developed by Lief & Reed. Data was analyzed by using the statistical computer package, SAS to manipulate the data along with percentages, means, standard deviation, t-test, $X^2$-test, GLM, and Pearson correlation coeffiency. The results in this study were summarized as follows: 1. Sexual knowledge. - The mean score of sexual knowledges showed no significant differences between boys and girls(p<0.6180), but in the areas of biological differences(boys; $11.57{\pm}2.43$, girls; $10.93{\pm}2.41$, p<0.0242), and pregnancy physiology(boys; $9.28{\pm}1.87$, girls; $10.04{\pm}2.42$, p<0.0026) showed significant difference between boys and girls. 2. Sexual attitudes. - The mean score of sexual attitudes showed no significant difference between boys and girls (p<0.8286), but in the areas of masturbation (boys : $6.69{\pm}2.22$, girls : $5.65{\pm}1.88$, p<0.0001), and premarital intercourse (boys : $5,42{\pm}1.35$, girls : $6.00{\pm}1.33$, p<0.0002) showed significant difference between boys and girls 3. Need of sex education. - The majority of the subjects wanted to learn about sexual delinquency and it's prevention(57.7%), form a friendship with the other sex(56.3%), physical differences of the other sex(52.0%), psychological differences and the charateriatics of the other sex (50.3%) and meaning of love(50.3%). 4. The relationships between sexual knowledges and sexual attitudes. - Those who had higher sexual knowledges showed more positive attitudes towards sex, and showed statistical significance(r=0.2074, p<0.0003). 5. The relationships between general charateristics and sexual knowledge. - Better students(by self-perception of school performance) had higher knowledge scores about sex. 6. The relationships between general charateristics and sexual attitudes. - Those who wanted to learn more about sex, and better students had higher attitude scores about sex. - Those who were in high standard of living had higher attitude scores about sex as well. Suggestions based on above study are as follows' 1. The planned sex education showed be performed to the schoolchildren establish responsible attitudes about sex. 2. Systematic sex education through formal school education according to age is recommended. 3. Further studies should be done to measure the effect of sex education based on the needs of the schoolchildren.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out differences between nursing teachers and non-nursing teachers in sex education, to offer the degree of conducting sex education and teachers' perceptions of teaching ability The subjects were 291 middle and high school teachers in Busan from June 25 to July 22, 2002. The results of this study are as follows. 1. According to the survey of 22 items relating to the degree of conducting sex education, the average of nursing teachers(2.87) was higher than that of non-nursing teachers(2.69). This finding showed that there was a significant difference between both groups(p<.05). 2. According to the survey of 22 items relating to teaching abilities, the average of nursing teachers(2.88) was higher than that of non-nursing teachers(2.63). There was also a significant difference between both groups(p<.01). According to the results of the study, I make the following suggestions. 1. Sex education should be adopted as a regular course and conducted as a school health program in regular curriculum. 2. Compared with non-nursing teachers, nursing teachers conducted sex education frequently and efficiently and their perception of sex education was higher. Therefore, the school policy which requires that sex education should be conducted by nursing teachers only is to be established.