• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2008

With the purpose to estimate the possibility of short-term storage and cryopreservation for sperm of Charonia sauliae, which is a potential preparation for its artificial reproduction and further research, in this study, protocols for short-term storage and cryopreservation of trumpet shell sperm was optimized. The effects of different immobilizing solutions, dilution ratios were estimated for short-term storage. And the effects of different cryoprotectant extenders and freezing rates were estimated for cryopreservation in terms of motility and survival of sperm. The results indicated that the artificial sea water of 350 mOsmol/kg is a better immobilizing solution and sperm which was diluted at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) had higher motility and survival rate during short-term storage. The effect of 5% dimethyl sulfoxide was significantly better than those of other cryoprotectant extenders. And a freezing rate of $-20^{\circ}C\;min^{-1}$ showed better effect than other freezing rates. In conclusion, this study optimized some key factors of the short-term and cryopreservation of C. sauliae sperm, which can provide valuable data for germ-plasm conservation and artificial propagation of C. sauliae.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.884-891
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• 2021

The study aimed to evaluate pork loin quality after short-term (ten-day) storage in a supercooling refrigerator. Pork loin samples were stored for 10 days in a traditional refrigerator (control) and a commercially available supercooling refrigerator (SC). Pork quality measurements included meat pH, meat color, water holding capacity (drip loss and cooking loss), tenderness (hardness), and a sensory evaluation. Temperature changes of 0.45 ± 0.2℃ and 0.02 ± 0.25℃ occurred in the control and the SC, respectively, during 10 days of storage. The temperature in the SC chamber did not remain below freezing point, failing to meet expectations. Regarding the pork quality measurements, only the drip losses in the control and the SC were significantly different (4.45% vs. 2.59%, p < 0.01) after 10 days of storage. There were no significant differences between the two types of refrigerator in terms of the other measurements. Additionally, the overall acceptability of the pork loin did not vary significantly between the control and the SC when the sensory evaluation was performed. Therefore, a commercial SC could prove beneficial in terms of water holding capacity during the short-term storage of meat. Further research should be performed to evaluate quality changes that occur during long-term storage of meat in SC s and evaluate a wide range of meat, such as beef and chicken.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1527-1533
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• 2001

Garole is a prolific, rare, less known and small size Indian sheep breed found in low and humid Sunderban region of West Bengal. Although information on stored Garole ram liquid semen upto 24 h is available, but there is a need to further investigate the short-term and long-term preservability of Garole ram semen for extensive utilization of this valuable germplasm by artificial insemination. The aim of the present study was to apply computer-assisted sperm analysis technique for assessing the motion characteristics of Garole ram semen stored (i) in liquid state at refrigeration temperature for short-term preservation upto 48 h and (ii) in frozen state at $-196^{\circ}C$ for long-term preservation after packaging in mini straws. Short-term preservation had a significant effect on motility (p<0.01) as the motility progressively decreased from 90.1% at 0 h to 85.5% and 73.2% after 24 and 48 h of storage, respectively. Although the decline in rapid moving sperms was also significant (p<0.01) on storage but the decrease was more pronounced at 48 h as compared to 24 h of storage period. Storage of chilled semen had also a significant effect on % linearity (p<0.05), % straightness (p<0.01), sperm velocities (p<0.01), amplitude of lateral head displacement (p<0.01) and beat frequency (pO.Ol) of spermatozoa. The replication had a significant effect for all the variables except average path and straight line velocity. However, the interactions of short-term storage and replication were non-significant for most of the variables except % of medium moving sperms, sperm velocities and beat frequency. On long-term preservation of Garole ram spermatozoa under controlled conditions the mean post-thaw recovery of 70.4 and 71.4% motile spermatozoa was achieved having 48.8 and 48.9% of rapidly motile spermatozoa, respectively in both the replicates. The effect of replication on cryopreservation was significant (p<0.05) on amplitude of lateral head displacement and beat frequency, but there was no significant effect on motility, rapidly motile spermatozoa, linearity, straightness and sperm velocities of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. It can be concluded from these results that an average 70% motility can be achieved on storage of Garole ram semen in chilled liquid state upto 48 h or in liquid nitrogen after freezing under controlled conditions in straws. However, further studies are required to evaluate the fertility of short-term and long-term preserved Garole ram semen for extensive use of this prolific sheep breed.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.721-729
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• 1994

In this paper an optimization of the industrial congeneration system which have a thermal storage tank is proposed for the short-term operation strategy. Short-term operation costs of topping cycle and bottoming cycle are calculated by using the proosed model of a thermal storage tank. Simulation result of four cases are compared and analyzed each other.By these simulations which are similar to real operation circumstances. the validity of the proposed model is verified.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.41-52
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• 2004

In this study, parameters of long and short term runoff model were optimized using genetic algorithm as a basic research for integrated water management in a watershed. In case of Korea where drought and flood occurr frequently, the integrated water management is necessary to minimize possible damage of drought and flood. Modified TANK model was optimized as a long term runoff model and storage-function model was optimized as a short term runoff model. Besides distinguished parameters were applied to modified TANK model for supplementing defect that the model estimates less runoff in the storm period. As a result of application, simulated long and short term runoff results showed 7% and 5% improvement compared with before optimized on the average. In case of modified TANK model using distinguished parameters, the simulated runoff after optimized showed more interrelationship than before optimized. Therefore, modified TANK model can be applied for the long term water balance as an integrated water management in a watershed. In case of storage-function model, simulated runoff in the storm period showed high interrelationship with observed one. These optimized models can be applied for the runoff analysis of watershed.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2004

In present study, attempts were made to preserve abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) sperm in liquid form at low temperature, to evaluate the effect of various diluents in short-term storage on sperm, and cryopreservation procedures were optimized for the cryoprotectants and freezing rates, as well as the motility, survival rate, and the ultrastructural changes of sperm after short-term storage and cryopreservation were observed. The abalone sperm reached maximum motility until about 4 min after activation. The motility was constant for about 16 min, after which it dropped gradually, and about 50 min later all motility ceased. In Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS, 300 and 400 mOsmol/kg) and 150, 250 and 350 mOsmol/k artificial seawater (ASW), the sperm was immotile. After 100% ASW was added, motility of those sperm, which are in 300, 400 mOsmol/kg HBSS, 250, 350 mOsmol/kg ASW, could be again restored incompletely. Sperm motility can be maintained for 20 days of cold storage only in ASW of 850 and 1200 mOsmol/kg. A high motility index of 3.5-4.5 was observed for the first 8 days in 850 and 950 mOsmol/kg ASW. In other diluents sperm motility was constant less than 10 days, and the motility index was obviously lower than that of sperm in 850 and 1200 mOsmol/kg ASW. After 20 days of cold storage, survival rates of 10.2%-20.7% were obtained in ASW and 300 mOsmol/kg HBSS, and that in 400 HBSS (65.3%) was significantly higher than others. The constant period of sperm motility stored in 850 mOsmol/kg ASW was obviously longer than that in 1200 mOsmol/kg ASW after 6 days of storage. The sperm plunged into liquid nitrogen all died except that sperm using 15% glycerol as cryoprotectant restored 10.4% of motility. The highest motility index (3.4) was obtained with 5% glycerol and freezing procedure: $-50^{\circ}C$/min from $20^{\circ}C$ to $-80^{\circ}C$.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.44-55
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• 1994

This paper describes the development of real-time irrigation reservoir operation models that adequately allocate available water resources for paddy rice irrigation. Water requirement deficiency index(WRDI) was proposed as a guide to evaluate the operational performance of release schemes by comparing accumulated differences between daily release requirements for irrigated areas and actual release amounts. Seven reservoir release rules were developed, which are constant release rate method (CRR), mean storage curve method(MSC), frequency analysis method of reservoir storage rate(FAS), storage requirement curve method(SRC), constant optimal storage rate method (COS), ten-day optimal storage rate method(TOS), and release optimization method(ROM). Long-term forecasting reservoir operation model(LFROM) was formulated to find an optimal release scheme which minimizes WRDIs with long-term weather generation. Rainfall sequences, rainfall amount, and evaporation amount throughout the growing season were to be forecasted and the results used as an input for the model. And short-term forecasting reservoir operation model(SFROM) was developed to find an optimal release scheme which minimizes WRDIs with short-term weather forecasts. The model uses rainfall sequences forecasted by the weather service, and uses rainfall and evaporation amounts generated according to rainfall sequences.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.74-74
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.925_926
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• 2009

In this paper, a method to cope with short-term blackout is proposed. The proposed method uses a capacitor bank consisting of supercapacitors. A supercapacitor is a good means for short-term energy storage. The proposed circuit is simple and accordingly easy to construct and to control. A prototype is constructed and experimental results are presented.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.8
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• pp.1090-1094
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• 2013

In this paper, a method to cope with short-term interruption is proposed. The proposed method uses a capacitor bank consisting of supercapacitors. A supercapacitor is a good means for energy storage for short-term usage. The proposed circuit is simple and accordingly easy to construct and to control. A prototype of 360 W single-phase PFC ac-dc converter is constructed and experimental results are presented.