• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.5-11
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• 2012

Purpose - This paper proposes measurement models to evaluate the management performance of small and medium-sized retail businesses on the basis of a trading area analysis that compares their proposed revenue to actual revenue in the trading area. Research design, data, methodology - The study proposes measurement models consisting of five stages, namely: (1) district background survey, (2) customer survey, (3) competitor survey, (4) business district survey, and (5) business performance analysis. Results - To identify business districts easily, this study preferred a minor-adjusted method based on the Euclidean distance, as it is simple to employ for the small and medium-sized businesses. This model was applied to select coffee shops in Daejeon. Results indicated that although the targeted shop was not located in an appropriate location, actual sales were higher than expected. Conclusions - Small- or medium-sized retail businesses face difficulties regarding the economies of scale and brand recognition and must choose an appropriate location to ensure management stability. However, such businesses will find it difficult to evaluate their competitive edge accurately using a trading area analysis.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.42-53
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• 1991

Analysis of health care utilization is very important for health care policy development. Traditional studies of health care utilization were focused on measuring the level of health care utilization and on analyzing the determinants of health care utilization in the defined areas and populations. But there were some limitations in comparing the health care utilizations rates in traditional studies because so many factors were to be considered. Small area analysis is a method used to demonstrate substantial variations in health care utilization with popualtion-base use rates among similar geographic areas. This review discusses the methods, magnitude and trend of geographic variations, factors influencing small area variations, and makes suggestions for further study. Finally, the article discusses the necessity and feasibility of small area analysis in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.891-908
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• 2010

In Korea, the small area estimation method is currently unpopular in generating o cial statistics. Because it may be difficult to determine the reliability for small area estimation, although small area estimation ha a sufficiently good advantage to generate small area statistics for Korea. This paper inspects the method of making small area unemployment through the small area estimation method. To estimate small area unemployment we used an EBLUP-type estimator based on a logistic linear mixed model. To evaluate the EBLUP-type estimator we accomplished the real data analysis and simulation experiment from the population and housing census data. In addition, small area estimates are compared to large sample survey estimates. We found the provided method in this paper is highly recommendable to generate small area unemployment as the official statistics.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.109-116
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the rental determinants of a small shopping mall located in Seoul, Korea, and the characteristics of four commercial districts (CBD, GBD, YSD, etc.). Research design, data, and methodology: For the characteristics of the data, descriptive statistics and frequency analysis were used. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been used as rental determinants for small shopping malls. The characteristics of 4 commercial districts were analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc analysis. Results: 1) CBD 14.8%, GBD 16.7%, YSD 13.0%, others 55.6%. 2) The order of important variables affecting rent: CBD=1> GBD=1> vacancy rate> rental index> number of buildings> YBD=1> average gross floor area> conversion rate> average floor. 3) Characteristics of commercial district: Rents in CBD and GBD are high. The conversion rate is high in the GBD commercial area. The number of buildings is high in the CBD. The average area of GBD is larger than that of other commercial districts. Conclusions: 1) Several factors should be considered when investing in or renting a small shopping mall. 2) Depending on the investment and business purpose, factors such as rent, conversion rate, building, and area average should be considered.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.2 s.53
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• pp.385-395
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• 1996

This study intends to examine the behavioral pattern and small area variations of health service utilization within Wonju city. We selected three small areas in Wonju city as the study site: Haksung-dong(central area of the city), Moonmak-myun (industrial area which is located 25km away from the center of the city), and Gure-myun (agricultural area which is located 32km away from the center). The data were collected by administering questionnaire interviews with 526 people in three areas. The questionnaire include the items on health service utilization behaviors, sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and perceptions. The statistical methods used for the analysis were ANOVA and hierarchical logistic regression. From the analysis, it was found that there was a variation of health service utilization by areas. Compared to those of other areas, the respondents from agricultural area showed a high probability of using health services. When respondents' personal characteristics were taken into account, the effect of dummy variables representing areas disappeared. Instead, the perceived health status became the prime factor of health service utilization. This result showed that the small area variations of health service utilization is due to the demand factor rather than the supply factor.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.403-414
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• 2009

Many researches have been devoted to the small area estimation related with the area level statistics. Almost all of the small area estimation methods are derived based on minimization of mean squared error(MSE). Recently Hwang and Shin (2008) suggested an alternative small area estimation method by minimizing mean squared percentage error. In this paper we apply this small area estimation method to the labor statistics, especially monthly wages by a branch area of labor department. The Monthly Labor Survey data (2007) is used for analysis and comparison of these methods.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.47-54
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• 2007

The safety management of the small sized enterprise is very important to decrease industrial disaster in the area of industry. On this research, to give the effective measures to decrease industrial disaster, we administered the workplaces in Kyunggi area to search actual condition of industrial disaster and to disclose a link between industrial and industrial safety management. The results show industrial accident characteristics of small sized enterprises in Kyunggi area. So it is shows that we need to put in effective safety political measures to small sized enterprises.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

Nowadays, the number of school students in rural area has decreased significantly. For this reason, there are mixed classes among students of different grades in schools in rural area. Moreover, there are several teachers who teach two and more subjects except for the major of teacher so educational environment has been deteriorated. To tackle this problem, the ministry of education has suggested merging small schools in rural area. However, some people believe that merging small schools would make educational environment more worse and would not solve this problem. To solve this problem, this research suggests that the proper solution for educational environment of merging small schools through surveying environment of merging schools.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to manage the physical sectors systematically, needed for the selection and direction of declining areas, such as urban regeneration and revitalization projects, by grading the density of decline indicators of buildings in small and medium cities. In five small and medium-sized cities in Jeollanam-do, the data were divided into three stages according to the density, according to the use, structure, and age of the building. Rating by element of Census Output Area, detailed designation, and management of declining areas in small and medium-sized cities are required, rather than setting the scope of declining areas based on administrative districts. It is also necessary to manage cities through complex and intra-element phasing rather than single elements in defining physical decline. The analysis based on the complex factors and boundary of the Census Output Area is meaningful in order to maintain and manage such cities in a more detailed and precise manner according to such characteristics of each region.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.1703-1707
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• 2008

Low frequency oscillation of inter-area system is important problem in power system areas because the operation conditions of power system depend on it. Generally, the analysis of the problem is used by small signal stability. Especially, the analysis results are affected by decision of load models. In this paper, the effect of the analysis results was studied according to load component characteristics. ZIP model, popular in large-scaled power system analysis, was used as the load model. Many cases were studied according to the combination of ZIP model in inter-area system.