• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2022

This study aimed to measure the impact of societal participation of Saudi banks on customer satisfaction and determine the statistical differences in customer satisfaction according to sex, age, income, education, and work type. Societal participation has economic and environmental dimensions. The study population includes all Saudis in the government, military, and private sectors reaching 3.58 million in 2021. The unit of analysis is Saudi customers of commercial banks. The 12 banks have societal programs. The research tool is a "Questionnaire," It is distributed face-to-face at places of work. The study concludes that economic participation has no impact on customer satisfaction; however, the impact of environmental participation on customer satisfaction is proved. The study shows no statistical differences in customer satisfaction according to mediators (sex, age, income, education, and work type). Despite the environmental participation being the tangible product by Saudi banks in the local market, the study concludes the positive relationship between societal participation and customer satisfaction. The study presents a set of recommendations for enhancing societal participation in the Saudi businesses environment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2022

The study aimed to determine the impact of societal participation on the customer loyalty of Saudi banks and identify the statistical differences in customer loyalty according to sex, age, education level, and occupation type. The independent variable is corporate societal participation, and the dependent represents customer loyalty. Corporate societal programs have two dimensions: social participation and philanthropic participation. The research population consists of Saudi workers in three sectors: government, military, and private reached 3.58 million people in 2021. The unit of analysis is the Saudi employee in one formal industry and dealing with the Saudi banks that offered corporate societal participation programs. The research used the appropriate stratified sampling method, and the recommended sample size reached 387 respondents. A fully structured questionnaire is used. The study concluded that corporate social programs have not impacted customer loyalty, while corporate philanthropy programs strongly affected customer loyalty. On the other hand, there are no differences in customer loyalty according to demographics (sex, age, education, and occupation type). Finally, the study presents a set of recommendations in the field of corporate social responsibility and develops the local communities.

• 인지과학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2005

사람들이 무엇을 왜 두려워하는지를 알고자 대학생, 과학기술 분야의 전문가, 그리고 환경단체에 근무하는 직원들을 대상으로 30 개 항목들에 대한 위험을 평가하도록 하였다. Slovic과 그 동료들(1978, 1984, 1987)이 밝혔던 두려움과 지식의 두 위험지각 차원을 검토하면서 생태학적 태도가 다른 세 사회 집단 간의 위험 지각의 차이를 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 Slovic 등이 발견하였던 것과 동일한 두 심리적 차원을 찾아내었다. 지각된 위험 강도와 사회적 이익을 비롯한 여러 심리적 특성들에서 그 생태학적 태도가 차이 있을 것으로 생각되는 세 사회 집단이 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 Slovic 등의 결과와 비교하였고, 원자력 등과 관련해서 집단들 간의 차이와 그 결과를 논의하였다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.220-235
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• 1998

The revolution of nursing curriculum has been focused on clinical competency for nursing graduates to flexibly respond to changes in societal health needs and disciplinary requirements. In this trend, the study was designed to identify basic concepts of nursing education that reflects the changes in societal needs and nursing discipline, and to develop the instrument to measure performance level in each dimension of clinical competency. The study was conducted in two phases. In phase 1, principal concepts consisted of nursing education were determined through literature review as well as series of discussion sessions on nursing philosophies and educational objectives among researchers. Though the process, the conceptual framework of competency based nursing curriculum was constructed with nursing process and professional role as horizontal threads, client, health needs, and nursing interventions as vertical threads. Then, items were developed to represent each dimension of competency : client and health need, nursing process, professional role, and nursing interventions. The total of 273 items were included as to represent clinical competency required for BSN graduates. In phase 2, questionnaires were distributed to nursing faculties of 41 BSN programs to validate the 273-item Instrument developed to measure competency. The total of 34 subjects returned the questionnaire with 81% of response rates. The subjects of the study had an average of 42 months of clinical experience and 13 years of education experience in various nursing areas with an age range of 30 to 52 years. The data were analyzed by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows. 1) The mean score of the nursing process dimension was supported most with the mean of 3.60(SD=0.32) compared to client and health need dimension(M=3.49, SD=.40), professional role(M=3.41, SD=.44), and nursing interventions(M=3.57, SD=.34). 2) The dimensions of competency were moderately correlated to each other with a range of r=.433 to r=.829, confirming that four dimensions of competency were related but distinct concepts. 3) The items of each dimension were analyzed based on its appropriateness. 'Assessing risk factors of the clients' were most highly supported in client and health need dimension. Most items of nursing process dimension were considered appropriate, while items related to efficient communication were well supported in professional role dimension. In nursing intervention dimension, items on basic nursing skills were highly supported while items on specific nursing interventions such as music therapy or art therapy were considered relatively inappropriate to competency for BSN graduates. The findings clearly showed that the current nursing education more emphasizes nursing interventions based on nursing process than other dimensions of competency. There is a need to reconceptualize nursing curriculum that is able to reflect more of nursing professional role and client/health need dimensions. Further research to validate the instrument by confirming competency dimensions of nursing graduates who are currently working at the hospital has been suggested.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.432-441
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• 2010

아리조나 주립대학교의 사회 속의 나노기술 센터(CNS-ASU)는 미국 자연과학기금(NSF)에서 지원하는 나노 스케일 과학 및 공학 센터(NSEC)이다. 이 센터는 나노기술의 '예비 협치'(anticipatory governance)의 전략적 비전을 위한 실시간 기술 평가를 구현한다. 이 비전을 달성하기 위하여, CNS-ASU는 몇 개 대학의 연구사업을 통합할 뿐 아니라 예견(그럴듯한 미래 시나리오), 집적(사회인문과학을 나노스케일 과학기술과 연계) 및 참여(대중에게 홍보) 등 세 개의 주요 활동을 통합한다. CNS-ASU는 교육 훈련 활동을 할 뿐만 아니라 대중 소통과 비공식적 과학 교육을 실시한다. 이 논문은 이 사업은 전통적인 위험 관리 체계를 뛰어 넘는 사회적 차원의 연구를 포함한 예비 협치의 내용과 전략적 전망을 논술하고 있다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.452-456
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• 2014

본 연구는 철도산업의 경쟁력과 투명성을 제고하기 위해 정부의 통제를 유발하는 철도규제에 대한 새로운 접근과 철도산업에 대한 정부의 역할을 재정립하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 철도관련규제를 규제개혁위원에서 적용하고 있는 경제적, 사회적, 행정적 규제로 분류하여 각 규제들의 운영방식에 따라 강제 및 통제와 유인, 사전적과 사후적으로 유형화하여 분석하였다. 철도관련규제개혁을 위한 과제로 경제적 규제에서 경쟁 제한적인 규제는 완화하고 사회적 규제는 안전을 담보하기 위한 합리적인 규제의 수준 설정이 필요하다. 또한 무엇보다도 철도산업에 많은 영향력을 행사하고 있는 정부의 기능 재정립을 통하여 철도산업의 활성화를 이루어야 할 것이다.

• World Technopolis Review
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.132-143
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• 2015

In the 21st Century, scientific discovery and technological development are fueled by unprecedented changes in knowledge, societal needs and wants, engineering designs, materials, and instrumentation. Such rapid global changes pose major opportunities and challenges for the innovation ecosystem-especially in developing countries. In particular, our models for human resource development and engagement must evolve so as to better prepare leaders in higher education institutions, research institutes, science cities and science parks, businesses and industries, and governments. Universities throughout the world must play a greater role in both the research and practice of human resource development and engagement for the knowledge-based and creative economies. This paper explores the current and potential talent development and talent engagement dimensions of universities in economic development, and research and practice in education and policy-with implications of such dimensions for science cities/science parks. The paper highlights the importance of a greater role for universities, in collaborating with business/industry and governments, in examining new economics-sensitive and values-sensitive models for education and human resource development so as to better understand and support innovation in global contexts.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.913-938
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• 2009

This study attempts to develop a framework to analyze and estimate various effects of agro-product e-commerce, and to find out the actual effects of the farmers operating on-line shopping systems through the developed framework. A depth-interview semi-structured on 5 farmers was acted to seek out latent effects which were disassembled and re-assembled into 3 dimensions; input costs, e-internal effects and e-external effects. E-external effects divide into e-indirect effects and e-societal effects. A survey from 29 farmers reveals that the e-internal effects are 26,929 thousand KRW a year, e-external effects 6,734 thousand KRW, and input costs 7,202 thousand KRW. ROI(Return on Investment) in 2007 is calculated at 367%.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2004

Building trust assurance particularly in case of commercial practices in cyber space without physical contact is a very complex task to tackle. Several factors are interrelated in not necessarily technical but also societal dimensions over the entire process of e-commerce firm ex-ante through ex-post transactions. This paper attempts first to brief the substance of e-trust and examine the natuure of its complexity by using system dynamics simulation technique, followed by its current address and the future directions to move. A framework of 3 x 3 matrixes is deviaed and the key issues of e-trust are mapped into cross-cells of the table. The paper also includes some possible suggestions on the matter of trust assurance especially for B2C and B2B in policy wise and organizational perspective from the context of international collaboration.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국IT서비스학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.602-605
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• 2009

Digital content piracy has been shown to be an emerging societal problem, However, Studies on digital content piracy are very limited. In this paper, we try to find whether Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB) can explain the online digital content piracy in China. In addition to the finding of TPB's usefulness, We also examine the cross-cultural differences between Korea and China in behavior towards online digital content piracy. we argue that cultural factors moderate the strength of the relationships in the TPB model in online digital content piracy. we use a theoretical model of behavior based on the framework of the TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior) and Hofstede's national cultural dimensions. Our results indicate that the general TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior) model of software piracy is broadly applicable to digital content piracy in China. Our findings also show that most of the hypothesized moderating effects of national cultural factors were found to be significant.