• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.53-61
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• 2006

This paper is proposed adaptive fuzzy-neuro controller for high performance of induction motor drive. The design of this algorithm based on fuzzy-neural network controller that is implemented using fuzzy control and neural network. This controller uses fuzzy nile as training patterns of a neural network. Also, this controller uses the back-propagation method to adjust the weights between the neurons of neural network in order to minimize the error between the command output and actual output. A model reference adaptive scheme is proposed in which the adaptation mechanism is executed by fuzzy logic based on the error and change of error measured between the motor speed and output of a reference model. The control performance of the adaptive fuzzy-neuro controller is evaluated by analysis for various operating conditions. The results of experiment prove that the proposed control system has strong high performance and robustness to parameter variation, and steady-state accuracy and transient response.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Variable area nozzle, where both throat and exit area vary, is required for optimal expansion and optimal nozzle shape upon operation of after-burner. Steady-state and transient analyses are carried out for each condition with and without afterburner operation and as a function of the location of the nozzle flap. Effects of that nozzle displacement on flow and thrust characteristics are analyzed from numerical results. With variable area nozzle adopted, the combustion field is variable in time, leading to periodically variable thrust. For off-design conditions, flow separation shows up due to over expansion at the flap tips and shock wave does in the nozzle due to under expansion. The undesirable phenomena can be solved by control of variable area nozzle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.25-33
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• 2017

In this study, combustion tests were performed to investigate combustion performance of a pintle injector engine with double row rectangular slot which uses kerosene and liquid oxygens as propellants. The double row rectangular slot was designed to improve the combustion performance of a pintle engine with a single row and the blockage factor was changed from 0.7 to 1.0. The main design parameters of the double row were distance between rows, area ratio and aspect ratio. The characteristic velocity efficiency was measured from 92.4 to 96.9 percentage for double row but 86.8 percentage for single row. It showed the highest combustion performance at the BF 0.85.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.66-69
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• 2017

In recent year, energy harvesting technologies from the ambient environments such as light, motion, wireless waves, and temperature again a lot of attraction form research community [1-5] due to its efficient solution in order to substitute for conventional power delivery methods, especially in wearable together with on-body applications. The drawbacks of battery-powered characteristic used in commodity applications lead to self-powered, long-lifetime circuit design. Thermoelectric generator, a solid-state sensor, is useful compared to the harvesting devices in order to enable self-sustained low-power applications. TEG based on the Seebeck effect is utilized to transfer thermal energy which is available with a temperature gradient into useful electrical energy. Depending on the temperature difference between two sides, amount of output power will be proportionally delivered. In this work, we illustrated a low-input voltage energy harvesting circuit applied discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) method for getting an adequate amount of energy from thermoelectric generator (TEG) for a specific wearable application. With a small temperature gradient harvested from human skin, the input voltage from the transducer is as low as 60mV, the proposed circuit, fabricated in a $0.6{\mu}m$ CMOS process, is capable of generating a regulated output voltage of 4.2V with an output power reaching to $40{\mu}W$. The proposed circuit is useful for powering energy to battery-less systems, such as wearable application devices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.235-247
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• 2009

Map is information media for human life. Recently, innovative map making technology has been developed and most updated various data are provided to map users. In consequence, use of maps is rapidly increasing in various applications. One of the examples is car navigation map because navigation maps provide reliable and necessary information with convenient way. Therefore, maps are to be changed to user-oriented from map making-oriented design. The main goal of spatial data infrastructure is to allow various users to access the real world information easily for decision making. However, most of the digital maps are focused on map making aspect such as providing up-to-date data, acquisition of accurate data with state-of-the-art technology, and addition of layers (For example, ortho-images and DEMs). If map data processing tools are to be provided with the digital maps, users could utilize maps for decision making without professional software or knowledge. Therefore, objective of this paper is to propose scheme of the digital map data processing service with application examples.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.639-650
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• 1999

Generally, a performance management consists of the iterative process of performance monitoring, performance analysis, and performance tuning. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of performance monitor and performance tuner which can be used on the top of SPAX, also known as TICOM IV. SPAX has a hierarchical structure. All nodes, each of which has a local memory, are connected to the interconnection network and constructed to form clusters. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new performance monitor reflecting the underlying hierarchical structure of SPAX, to implement performance monitoring more effectively. Implemented performance monitor can monitor the state of nodes, clusters, and total system of SPAX at realtime. And, implemented performance tuner can change the value of variables related to the performance of SPAX. System manager can perform an effective performance management by using the proposed performance management tools.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

In preparing for the unification of North and South Korea, rather than unilaterally over-writing the North's human resource training system with the South's health care human resource development system, it is important to understand the North's system and its ecology and to achieve a balance by seeking out aspects of each of the systems that could be consolidated with each other. The training period in both the North and South's health care human resource development systems is specified to be 6 years, but there is no system for internships or residencies in the North. South Korea introduced a 6-year system for pharmacist education in 2009, but North Korea has been using such a system since the 1970s (currently 5.5 years). In North Korea, training of health care personnel is conducted at various levels: at universities, at vocational schools, and at institutes for training health officials. Various types of training (daytime training, online, and ad hoc programs) are carried out. Also of interest is the North's licensure examination system. Rather than a state examination system as in South Korea, the North favors a graduation exam given by a national graduation examination committee composed of university professors, which awards both graduation certificates and 'permits,' that is, licenses for doctors and pharmacists. In working out a plan for the integration of the two Koreas' systems based on the study and analysis of the North's educational and testing system for doctors and pharmacists, this paper does not place exclusive focus on the distinctions between the systems or cling to negative views. Rather than claim that unification/integration is a practical impossibility, the paper focuses on the similarities between the two systems and maximizes them to uncover an approach for arriving at solutions. It is hoped that the practical data offered in this paper can contribute to the design of a forward-minded unification/integration model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.493-499
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• 2019

Seal is a tool to prove an individual or group. Guk-Sae and Eo-Bo uses typeface to represent their names or titles, which change from tensile to tensile and have varied from time to time. Although the Korean alphabet currently uses Hangul, it had used Chinese characters before Hun-Min-Jeong-Um was created in 1443. All seals and royal seal before the Korean Seal of State were made in Chinese characters. This thesis analyzes the concept of typography through the royal seal, and the subject of this study is 'Sugang Emperor' which is the only eight-letter version seal of the Joseon Dynasty's various royal seal. Bo-Yeong, which is shown in Bo-Myeon has artistic value with beautiful typeface and proportions, which is worth research. It examines the features of the Korean seal, analyzes and studies the typeface shape and features from the typographic perspective of the "Sugang Emperor Bo-Yeong," or writing.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.307-318
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• 2019

The frequently excessive vibrations presented in civil structures during seismic events or service conditions may result in users' discomfort, or worst, in structures failure, producing economic and even human casualties. This work contributes in proposing the synthesis of a nonlinear optimal control strategy for semiactive structural control, with the main characteristic that the synthesis considers both the structure model and the semiactive actuator nonlinear dynamics, which produces a nonlinear system that requires a nonlinear controller design. The aim is to reduce the unwanted vibrations in the response of civil structures, by means of intelligent fluid semiactive actuator such as the Magnetorheological Damper (MRD), which is a device with a low level of power consumption. The civil structures for which the proposed control methodology can be applied are those admitting a state-dependent coefficient factorized representation model, such as buildings, bridges, among others. A scaled model of a three storey building is analyzed as a case study, whose dynamical response involves displacement, velocity and acceleration of each one of the storeys, subjected to the North-South component of the September 19th., 2017, Puebla-Morelos (7.1M), Mexico earthquake. The investigation rests on comparing the structural response over time for two different conditions: with no control device installed and with one MRD installed between the first floor and the ground, where a nonlinear optimal signal for the MRD input voltage is determined. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller for reducing the building's dynamical response.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.489-504
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study examined socio-economic differences in diverse food consumption among children 6-23 months of age in South Asia and Southeast Asian countries. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data from Demographic and Health Surveys in four countries in South Asia (n = 15,749) and four countries in Southeast Asia (n = 10,789) were used. Survey-design adjusted proportions were estimated for the following 10 food items: grains, legumes, dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), vitamin A-rich fruits, vitamin A-rich vegetables, other fruits and vegetables (OFV), fish, meat, dairy, and eggs. An equity gap was defined as an arithmetic difference in the proportion of each food item consumed in the past 24-hours between the wealthiest and lowest quintiles and between rural and urban areas, denoted by percentage points (pp). RESULTS: The consumption of most of the 10 food items was higher in the wealthiest quintiles and urban areas across eight countries. The size of equity gaps was greater in Southeast Asia than in South Asia, particularly for vitamin A-rich fruits (3.3-30.0 pp vs. 0.3-19.6 pp), vitamin A-rich vegetables (12.1-26.7 pp vs. 2.4-5.9 pp), meat (17.7-33.4 pp vs. 3.4-13.4 pp), and dairy (14.7-32.5 pp vs. 3.3-11.4 pp). However, the size of equity gap in egg consumption was greater in Southeast Asia than South Asia (11.2-19.8 pp vs. 11.0-26.7 pp). Relatively narrower gaps were seen in the consumption of grains (0.3-12.9 pp), DGLV (0.6-12.4 pp), and fish (0.1-16.8 pp) across all countries. CONCLUSIONS: Equity gaps in food consumption differed by socio-economic status and region. Reducing equity gaps in nutrient-rich foods and utilizing regionally available food resources may increase child dietary quality.