• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1011-1012
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• 2013

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2002

Hardfacing layers of Stellite 6 alloy with different molybdenum content are deposited on AISI 1045 carbon steel using plasma transferred arc welding (PTAW). The properties of the hardfacing layer are investigated in order to clarify the effect of molybdenum addition to the cobalt-base alloy. With an increase in molybdenum contents, the size of Cr-rich carbides in the interdendritic region is abruptly refined, but volume fraction of the carbide slightly increases. Also, with an increase of Mo, $M_{6}$ C type carbides are formed instead of Cr-rich $M_{7}$ $C_{3}$ type carbided, and this microstructural change enhanced the mechanical properties of Stellite 6 alloy.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.1138-1145
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• 1998

Ni계 경면합금인 Deloro 50의 마모거동을 15ksi와 30ksi 접촉응력하의 여러 마모조건에서 조사하였다. 상온대기중에서 Deloro 50는 15ksi 응력에서도 극심한 응착마모가 발생하는 매우 낮은 마모저항성을 보였는데 이는 fcc 결정구조를 갖는 Deloro 50 기지상의 경도와 가공경화율이 strain-induced 상변태를 이웅한 hcp 결정구조의 Stellite 6보다 낮기 때문으로 생각된다. 상온 수중에서 Deloro 50는 15ksi 응력에서 Stellite 6와 비슷한 마모저항성을 보였는데 이는 물이 미세요철간의 금속간 접촉을 억제하였기 때문으로 생각된다. 그러나, 30ksi의 높은 접촉응력에서는 상온 대기중길 같은 응착마모가 발생하는 것으로 보아, 30ksi의 높은 응력에서는 물의 응착마모 억제 효과가 없었기 때문으로 생각된다. $300^{\circ}C$ 대기중에서 Deloro 50는 30ksi의 높은 접촉응력에서도 Stellite 6보다 우수한 마모저항성을 보였는데 이는 고온에서 마모시 생성되는 복합산화물층이 효과적으로 금속간 접촉을 방해하여 응착마모를 억제하였기 때문으로 생각된다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.1115-1120
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• 1998

Ni계 경면합금인 Deloro 50의 마모거동을 15ksi와 30ksi 접촉응력하의 여러 마모조건에서 조사하였다. 상온대기중에서 Deloro 50는 15ksi 응력에서도 극심한 응착마모가 발생하는 매우 낮은 마모저항성을 보였는데 이는 fcc 결정구조를 갖는 Deloro 50 기지상의 경도와 가공경화율이 strain-induced 상변태를 이웅한 hcp 결정구조의 Stellite 6보다 낮기 때문으로 생각된다. 상온 수중에서 Deloro 50는 15ksi 응력에서 Stellite 6와 비슷한 마모저항성을 보였는데 이는 물이 미세요철간의 금속간 접촉을 억제하였기 때문으로 생각된다. 그러나, 30ksi의 높은 접촉응력에서는 상온 대기중길 같은 응착마모가 발생하는 것으로 보아, 30ksi의 높은 응력에서는 물의 응착마모 억제 효과가 없었기 때문으로 생각된다. $300^{\circ}C$ 대기중에서 Deloro 50는 30ksi의 높은 접촉응력에서도 Stellite 6보다 우수한 마모저항성을 보였는데 이는 고온에서 마모시 생성되는 복합산화물층이 효과적으로 금속간 접촉을 방해하여 응착마모를 억제하였기 때문으로 생각된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.427-436
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• 2014

이 연구에서는 STD61 열간금형강 상부에 생성되는 하드페이싱층에 적합한 하드페이싱 재료와 두께를 3 차원 비정상 열전달 및 열응력 해석을 통하여 예측하고자 한다. Stellite6, Stellite21과 19-9DL 초합금을 하드페이싱 재료로 적용하였다. 하드페이싱 재료와 두께가 하드페이싱된 시편 내부 온도, 열응력 및 변형률 분포 변화에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 이 결과로부터 큰 열전도도를 가지는 재료로 얇은 하드페이싱 층을 생성하는 것이 열전달 특성 측면에서는 효과적인 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, Stellite21 초합금으로 2 mm 두께의 하드페이싱부를 STD61 열간 금형강 상부에 생성할 경우, 하드페이싱부와 기저부의 경계부에서 유효응력 및 주변형률 편차가 최소화됨을 알 수 있었다. 이 결과들로부터 STD61 열간금형강에 적합한 하드페이싱 재료와 두께를 예측할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.540-547
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• 2001

This study has evaluated the wear behavior of PTA (Plasma Transferred Arc) Inconel 625 and Stellite 6 overlays on Nimonic 80A substrate. Nimonic 80A alloy was also included for comparison. In order to evaluate the wear performance, three-body abrasive wear test and pin-on-disk dry sliding wear test were performed. Microstructural development during the solidification of deposits is also discussed. Wear test results show that the wear rate of Stellite 6 deposit is lower than that of Inconel 625 deposit and Nimonic 80A. The sliding wear resistance of overlay deposits follows a similar trend to the abrasive wear resistance, but for Nimonic 80A. The main wear mechanisms were abrasive wear for Inconel 625 deposit, adhesive wear and delamination for Stellite 6 deposit in pin-on-disk dry sliding wear test and ploughing in three-body abrasive wear test. Cross sectional examinations of the worn surface of pin specimens after pin-on-disk dry sliding wear test implies that the plastic deformation near worn surface has occurred during the wear testing.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 1997년도 한국재료학회 추계학술발표회
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• pp.174-174
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• 1997

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2002

Stellite 12 alloy-powders were overlaid on 410 stainless steel valve seat by plasma transferred arc(PTA)process. Variation of microstructure and hardness of overlaid deposit with aging time at $750^{\circ}C$ was investigated. The deposit showed hypoeutectic microstructure, which was consisting of primary cobalt dendrite and networked $M_{7}C_{3}$type eutectic carbides. After aging new M_{23}C_{6}$ carbide was formed by the partial decomposition of $M_7C_3$ type eutectic carbides and finely dispersed $M_{23}C_6$ type carbides were also precipitated in the matrix. Hardness of the deposit was increased with increase of aging time at $750^{\circ}C$ and showed maximum value at 35hours. After showing maximum value, it was fallen down again at 70hours because of overaging. The increase of hardness in aging is ascribed to the formation of new stable $M_{23}C_6$ type carbide by the partial decomposition of $M_7C_3$ type eutectic carbides and also precipitation of finely dispersed $M_{23}C_6$ carbides in matrix.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2002

The cavitation erosion behavior of wear-resistant hardfacing alloys such as Co-base Stellite 6, Fe-base Norem 02 and new Fe-base alloy were investigated up to 50 hours by using a 20kHz vibratory cavitation erosion test equipment. The crack, initiated easily at the interfaces between matrix and hard second phase, was repressed effectively in Stellite 6 because the matrix was hardened by phase transformation. For this reason, Stellite 6 showed an excellent cavitation erosion resistance compared to Norem 02. The phase transformation also occurred in Norem 02, but the increase of volume fraction of the interfaces caused the crack to be initiated frequently, thus resulting in a 1arge material loss. The matrix of NewAlloy was hardened effectively by vlongrightarrow$\alpha$' phase transformation and the volume fraction of the interfaces was very small compared to Norem 02. This caused the propagation of crack to the matrix to be repressed effectively. Therefore, NewAlloy showed a very excellent cavitation erosion resistance. It wasn't considered that the cavitation erosion resistance of NewAlloy was influenced the temperature of the bath filled with a distilled water up to $80^{\circ}C$.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.421-431
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• 2019

In this study, the formation, microstructure, and wear properties of Colmonoy 88 (Ni-17W-15Cr-3B-4Si wt.%) + Stellite 1 (Co-32Cr-17W wt.%) coating layers fabricated by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying are investigated. Colmonoy 88 and Stellite 1 powders were mixed at a ratio of 1:0 and 5:5 vol.%. HVOF sprayed self-fluxing composite coating layers were fabricated using the mixed powder feedstocks. The microstructures and wear properties of the composite coating layers are controlled via a high-frequency heat treatment. The two coating layers are composed of ${\gamma}-Ni$, $Ni_3B$, $W_2B$, and $Cr_{23}C_6$ phases. Co peaks are detected after the addition of Stellite 1 powder. Moreover, the WCrB2 hard phase is detected in all coating layers after the high-frequency heat treatment. Porosities were changed from 0.44% (Colmonoy 88) to 3.89% (Colmonoy 88 + ST#1) as the content of Stellite 1 powder increased. And porosity is denoted as 0.3% or less by inducing high-frequency heat treatment. The wear results confirm that the wear property significantly improves after the high-frequency heat treatment, because of the presence of well-controlled defects in the coating layers. The wear surfaces of the coated layers are observed and a wear mechanism for the Ni-based self-fluxing composite coating layers is proposed.