• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2007

This paper reviews KSG2010(Korean Industrial Standard for Student's Desk and Chair) compared to student's body size and suggests its new design guideline. It is found that the chairs are too high to sit straight up, and it is not easy to sit at student's ease because of backbone rest bar not existed in a right place. It is also found that the desks are too high to sit at desk to accept student legs under a drawer. So student's visibility range becomes decreased and it produces a harmful posture for eye protection. This paper also found that step number of student's desks and chairs needs to expand to 12 different steps inserted 5 steps between the existing 7 steps. A reason is that there is gap between the sizes of desk and chair and human height and width. Another reasons is that it is difficult to arrange desks and chairs appropriated to student body sizes in a class room.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.32
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• pp.82-89
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• 2002

This study is focused on the chairs for students, especially, middle school students who grow rapidly compared with other group. We make a certain definite possibilities by the scientific and medical comparison of the approved chair with existing chair about the function of feet-height control & the application of the flexible back. The object of this test is middle & high school student (ratio of gender is the same) in Inchon. And the study types are two. One is to bring a matter and to suggest a design as alternative, the other is to verify propriety of the alternative. The major finding from the research are summarized as follows: 1) K·S standards for existing chairs are not proper to the growth rate of present juveniles, and they don't cope with proactive the discrepancy of growth pace. 2) Existing chairs have caused troubles by using only the fixed back of a chair. This troubles made bad influences on juveniles in a growth period. 3) Even existing chairs can adjust the back of a chair, they can be easily broken , and if they adjusted once, they can't be easily controled. Furthermore, it is Impossible to manage them because of the rust of control parts. 4) In the case of supplying the same sizes of them, juveniles who are different to growth rate respectively, can't accept the chairs. Even supplied adjustable chairs, they cant be ideal types of chairs in Open Classroom mode.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.29-39
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• 2005

우리의 식생활 및 주거 환경이 향상됨에 따라 과거에 비해 학생들의 체격이 커지고 체형 또한 점차 서구화 되가는 경향을 보이고 있으나 아직까지도 초${\cdot}$중${\cdot}$고등학교에서는 학생 자신의 체격에 적합하게 조절하여 사용할 수 없는 고정형 의자를 사용하고 있다. 이에 따라 학생들의 신체발육에 지장을 초래 할 수 있으며 특히 요통과 같은 허리에 문제를 일으킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 학생 자신의 체격에 맞게 높낮이를 자유롭게 조절하여 사용할 수 있는 학생용 의자를 개발하였다. 개발된 조절형 의자는 일반적으로 사용하는 학생용 의자의 다리부분에 풀림과 조임이 가능한 금속제 나사형식의 높이조절봉을 도입하여 공구가 필요 없이 손으로 회전시켜 좌판의 높이를 자유롭게 조절하여 사용할 수 있게 설계하였다. 또한 의자 등받이는 전${\cdot}$후${\cdot}$상${\cdot}$하방향으로 이동되게 함으로써 착석 시 좌판의 깊이와 등받이의 높낮이를 동시에 한번의 동작으로 조절 가능하게 하였다. 한편 개발된 조절형 의자는 현재 우리나라에서 채택하여 사용하고 있는 ISO 5970(Standards for tables and chairs for educational institutions)과 비교하여 수용능력에 따른 적합성 여부를 평가하였으며 피실험자 40명을 대상으로 fitting trials를 실시하였다. 평가결과 개발된 조절형 의자는 두가지 평가 기준에 적합하였으며 실용화 가능성을 발견하였다. 향후 이를 각급 학교 및 학원에 보급 활용함으로써 학생들의 이상체형 형성을 억제하여 신체 발육과 안전을 도모할 수 있으며 학습효과 또한 높일 수 있다고 판단된다.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.15-29
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• 2001

This study was conducted to develop a prototype of adjustable desk and chair for students from elementary to high school. The development process started with identifying the problems of existing adjustable desks and chairs that are currently available in the market. The following fundamental design criteria were established and then applied to develop the prototype. The criterion of minimization of production cost yielding lower the market selling price was the most critically considered in view of the school furniture buyers' price-consciousness. Other design criteria used in this development were designing for stable and solid structure, requiring few motions and no tools to adjust, requiring the use of only one hand to adjust, unrestricting the adjustable interval, providing extra space for foot and knee area, reducing weight to move easily, and requiring not to move around for cleaning up floor. To evaluate the performance of the prototype, the adjustability of prototype was specifically compared with both dimensions suggested by KS G 2010(Korean Standards for desks and chairs for students) and current anthropometric dimension in terms of the flexible range of accommodation. Results of this study illustrate that the prototype developed in this study could be accommodated for the both dimensions. As a concluding mark, appropriate adjustable range for various grades and age groups were presented.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.815-821
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a novel CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning) system, which is called POMY (POSTECH Immersive English Study). In our system, students can study English while talking to characters in a computer-generated virtual environment. POMY also supports haptic feedback, so students can study English in a more interesting manner. Haptic feedback is provided by two platforms, a haptic chair and a force-feedback device. The haptic chair, which is equipped with an array of vibrotactile actuators, delivers directional information to the student. The force-feedback device enables the student to feel the physical properties of an object. These haptic systems help the student better understand English conversations and focus on studying. We conducted a user experiment and its results showed that our haptic-enabled English study contributes to better learning of English.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.151-165
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• 2015

Objective: This study aims to develop and scientifically investigate the efficacy of the Spine S-curve Reactive Backrest that responds to the spine curvature of the user when seated, and maintains and enhances the natural S-curve of the lower back, thereby helping to relieve fatigue, correct posture and prevent spine deformities. Background: The focus of current development, design guidelines and/or standards for office chairs is mainly placed on the chair's dimensions, incline angle, adjusting features and lumbar support. Research and development was called for developing a chair backrest that maintains and improves the S-curve of the full spine. Method: The Spine S-curve Reactive Backrest was ergonomically designed to maintain correct posture and enhance user comfort. When leaned on, the backrest responds to the user's spine line and the whole lower back sits closely against the backrest, thereby aligning the user's lower back and backrest as one to maintain and improve the natural S-curve formation of the spine. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the newly designed chair (new design) and the comparison target (chair), five male college students of standard body type with normal spine curvature were selected as test subjects, and a motion analyzer and electromyography were utilized to measure S-curve and erector spinae muscle activity when seated. Results: The spine S-curve was better maintained and improved when sitting in the new design than in the comparison chair. Particularly notable was the greater displacement gap of the thoracic spine than the cervical spine, and also that of the lumbar more than the thoracic spine, with the increase of the backrest tilting angle. Furthermore, the electromyogram results showed the new design caused a lower fatigue level of the erector spinae muscles compared to the comparison chair, and also earned a higher preference in the subjective opinion results. Conclusion: The newly designed chair in this study responds to the user's spine curvature and maintains and enhances the lower back's natural S-curve, and thereby relieves fatigue, promotes better posture, and helps to prevent spine deformities better than existing office chairs. There is a need to widely introduce and supply this new design. Application: The new design is applicable to office and student chairs, and is expected to improve concentration and work efficiency.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.28-32
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• 2021

The article discusses the theoretical and methodological part that characterizes and assessment of the current state of the theory of GR-activity, disclosed the essence and content of the concept of GR-technologies, as well as their classification. The analysis of the system of additional education for children in the social structure, as well as the analysis of the current state of the education system is carried out. The formulation of tasks for the construction of an effective model for the use of GR-technologies in the process of developing the education system using GR-technologies

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.395-400
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• 2006

For lab statistics the statistical package SAS is usually used in PC environment. But most Universities in Korea have bought 'Academic Initiative Package chair licence', which allows to install SAS to student lab PCs only. Most students are hardly able to afford to purchase a licence for use of SAS in their PCs at home or other places than school. It would be very convenient to have a web-based SAS system, physically located inside a campus, which university students can use through internet. In this paper we report the web-based SAS system implemented for the lab purpose of Yeungnam University using SAS/Intrnet module. We overcome some Server-Client environmental difficulties not allowing use of the SAS command 'infile' by implementing modules with PHP language. In the system, users can see and execute some basic SAS sample codes by clicking buttons, which makes students feel comfy in SAS programming.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.165-173
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to examine possible causes of fear of dental treatment in middle school students. The subjects were a total of 347 students who were selected by convenience sampling from among the students of the middle schools located in Cheongju, Korea. They were administered a self report survey. The results showed that overall dental fear was higher among female students than male students. With respect to associative dental fears, they felt fear the most when they waited sitting on the dental chair. In fears of specific dental stimuli, needles were the most fearful stimulus. In the areas of fears of specific dental stimuli and overall dental fear, the subjects with indirect pain experiences felt fear more. There exists a need to develop dental health care programs that will help to manage and decrease fear of dental treatment.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.419-431
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• 2007

The setting of dental hygiene clinics is very important to dental hygiene education, which is the place not only to educate students but also to care clients. The purpose of this study is to provide basic research material for improvement of dental hygiene care system in dental hygiene clinics by analyzing the client satisfaction. A questionnaire survey by means of self-entry method was conducted to find out satisfaction of the client, who was visited to the dental hygiene clinics in the department of dental hygiene, Yonsei University. An analysis of frequency, one way ANOVA and T-Test were performed through SPSS 12.0K program. 1. Most clients were mainly composed of students in Wonju College of Medicine. 2. The clients visited for scaling(85.8%) and oral examination(9.73%) were much than treatment(4.42%). 3. Clients aged 21 to 25 were relatively lower in satisfaction with the facilities, system, attitude than any other ages. 4. The dental hygiene students are the lowest group in satisfaction with the facility, system, attitude than medical and nursing students. 5. The clients satisfaction with dental hygiene clinics was decreased in reverse proportion to visiting frequency. 6. Most of the clients pointed out the problems of appointment system(54.0%) and fee(23.0%), which should be improved than any other operation conditions. 7. Most of the clients were not satisfied with chair time and pain during care. 8. Most clients recognized to receive the better care service than other dental offices(81.3%). Especially, they paid attention to oral health education using phase-contrast microscope. 9. Many clients were dissatisfied with facilities of the dental hygiene clinics(71.7%). The problems of appointment system(54.0%) and chair time of dental hygiene care services(63.6%) had also inconvenienced to clients. The dental hygiene clinics in school play a crucial role in dental hygiene education to foster the student to be competent as a professional dental hygienist in the future. Therefore, well-organized dental hygiene care program based on dental hygiene process is essential. It is also required to improve the environment of dental hygiene clinics including facilities, appointment system and fee etc.