• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.469-478
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• 2013

The effects of tapioca starch (TS) and tapioca modified starch (TMS) as additives on the quality characteristics of rice cookies were investigated in this study. The amounts of TS and TMS replaced were 5, 10 and 15%(w/w) based on 100 g of rice flour. At the result of rapid viscosity analyser (RVA) properties of rice flour added with starches, peak, trough, and final viscosity of rice flour added with TMS decreased significantly(p<0.05). Hardness of dough and cookies as measured by Texture analyzer (TA) significantly decreased upon addition of TMS, and hardness of cookies significantly decreased upon addition of TS, hardness of cookies TMS lower than TS. L value of dough and cookies increased upon addition of TMS, whereas a value decreased upon addition of TMS. Spreadability of cookies increased upon addition of TMS, 10% TMS is the highest. Bulk density of dough decreased upon addition of TMS, bulk density of cookies decreased upon addition of TS and TMS, and bulk density of TMS cookie lower than TS cookie. In sensory evaluation, 10% TS added rice cookies showed the highest score in overall acceptability, hardness, brittleness, color, softness, taste and flavor, and 15% TS added rice cookies showed the highest score in appearance. And 15% TMS added rice cookies showed the highest score in overall acceptability, taste, brittleness, flavor, and 10% TMS added rice cookies showed the highest score in hardness, flavor, taste and color. It is indicated that the quality characteristics and sensory characteristics of the rice cookie can be improved by adding TS and TMS.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 GIS를 이용하여 TMS측정망의 적정성을 분석하는데 있다. 대기오염자료를 이용하여 TMS 분포의 적정성을 분석한 결과 TMS 주위의 토지이용상태가 변화했음을 알 수 있었다. 토지이용상태에 따른 분포의 적정성을 분석한 결과 현재 대부분의 측정소가 주거지역에 설치되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 TMS의 재배치 및 추가적인 설치가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 기존의 TMS를 적절한 위치에 이전하고 인구밀도에 따른 차등배분방법을 사용할 경우 추가적으로 설치해야 할 측정소의 수를 최소화 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.281-289
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• 2023

Purpose : In this study, we aimed to determine how frequencies different of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied to the less affected contalesional corticomotor area affect upper extremity motor function in patients with acute stroke within 3 months of onset. By doing so, we aimed to propose a new method of rTMS intervention based on the degree of damage and recovery status of the patient, rather than the generalized rTMS intervention that has been used uniformly. Methods : The rTMS intervention was applied on the contralesional side of the cerebral hemisphere damage. 15 subjects in the HF-rTMS group, 12 subjects in the LF-rTMS group, and 14 subjects in the SF-rTMS group were randomized to receive the rTMS intervention in each group for a total of 10 sessions on five consecutive weekdays for two weeks, and underwent FMA-U to determine changes in upper extremity function following the intervention in each group. FMA-U was performed within 24 hours before and after the rTMS intervention. Results : When the FMA-U was performed to determine the pre- and post-intervention changes in upper extremity motor function within the groups, no statistically significant differences were found in the SF-rTMS group before and after the intervention, but significant statistical differences were found in the HF-rTMS group (p=.006) and the LF-rTMS group (p=.020), with greater significance in the HF-rTMS group than the LF-rTMS group. Conclusion : This study confirmed that compensatory action by activating the less affected contralesional corticomotor area based on the bimodal balance-recovery model can support upper extremity recovery patients with acute stroke within 3 months of onset, depending on the degree of damage level and recovery status. Therefore, the results of the contralesional HF-rTMS application in this study may provide a basis for proposing a new rTMS intervention for upper extremity recovery in stroke patients.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2013

목적 : 본 연구는 신경망의 인과성을 이해하기 위해 사용되는 방법인 뇌경두개자기자극기 (TMS)를 기능자기공명영상(fMRI) 내에서 동시에 시행하기 위한 적합성을 평가하는데 그 목적이 있다. 대상 및 방법 : TMS 코일을 지지할 수 있도록 비자성의 특징을 갖는 물질인 Polyetherether Keton (PEEK)을 이용하여 홀더를 제작하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 MR 스캐너 안에서의 TMS 코일의 위치와 방향에 따른 자기장의 분포를 계산하였다. 또한, TMS 자극시 발생할 수 있는 영상 왜곡을 최소화하면서 fMRI영상을 획득하기 위하여 볼륨과 볼륨 획득 사이 간극 동안 TMS 자극을 가하는 기법을 제안하였다. 결과 : 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해서 코일 중심의 자기장은 코일에서 거리가 멀어질수록 급격하게 감소함을 확인하였다. 팬텀실험을 통해 fMRI 자극제시는 볼륨간 시간 간격을 100 ms정도 수준에서도 영상 왜곡을 줄이는데 문제가 없음을 확인하였다. 운동 과제 수행과 TMS로 운동 중추 자극시 각각의 뇌반응 분석 연구를 통해 fMRI 측정 중 TMS가 가능함을 확인하였다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 fMRI 환경 내에서 관심 영역에 TMS를 가함으로써 뇌 기능의 인과적 연결성 연구를 할 수 있는 기본 도구를 확립하게 되었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.1730-1733
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• 1997

In this paper, a realization of a subband coding with TMS320C80 is studied. TMS320C80 is a multi-media processor specially designed for an image process. A main topic of this paper, as mentioned above, is an application of TMS320C80 to subband coding. Subband coding is the coding that devides full image to several subbands and encodes each subband with different coding methods. As using that methods, good image compression can be obtained. First above all, goal of this paper deals with TMS320C80 in coding still image and useds it in expending it's application to 3-D video coding.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2005

Studies on extended egg preservation schedule from 120 days to 180 days was taken up with 20 germplasm accessions of mutant silkworm genetic stocks of Bombyx mori L. Statistical analyses of the data collected over three trials revealed no significant changes both in the qualitative and quantitative traits of the genetic stocks between treatment (6 months egg preservation) and control (4 months egg preservation), except for fifth instar larval duration in TMS-61, TMS-62, TMS64, TMS-31 and TMS-34 shell weight in TMS-62, TMS-64 and TMS-66. Thus, the results indicate that extended schedule of 6 months egg preservation can safely be adopted, which will reduce the cost of conservation and minimize the genetic erosion owing to reduced crop cycle.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.95-109
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• 2017

본 종설에서는 우울증에서의 rTMS 임상연구를 임상특성과 TMS 적용방법을 고려하여 체계적으로 고찰하였으며 새로운 TMS 치료기법에 대해 살펴보았다. rTMS는 항우울제에 반응이 적은 단극성 우울증 환자의 치료에 병용 혹은 단독요법으로 사용될 수 있는 안전하고 비침습적인 뇌조절술이다. rTMS는 고빈도 좌측 DLPFC, 저빈도 우측 DLPFC, 그리고 양측성 DLPFC 적용방법이 비슷한 수준으로 허위자극에 비해 유의하게 항우울효과를 가지고 있다. 그러나 치료저항성 단극성 우울증에 대한 항우울효과 크기는 작았다. 또한 정신병적 증상이 동반된 우울증의 치료와 양극성 장애의 우울삽화에 대해서는 치료효과가 불분명하다. 기존 rTMS의 항우울효과 크기는 작은 정도로 그 효과를 증진시키기 위해 고용량의 자극, 보다 깊이 자극할 수 있는 코일을 이용한 rTMS 치료, 표적영역에 보다 정확하게 코일을 위치시키는 신경항법 등을 이용한 TMS 적용 등의 새로운 시도들이 진행되고 있다. 또한 세타돌발자극과 자기경련치료와 같은 새로운 치료기법을 이용한 시도가 우울증 치료의 새로운 장을 열고 있다. 비록 현재까지 rTMS의 항우울효과가 만족할 만한 수준은 아니지만 임상양상을 세분화한 치료적용과 개선된 치료기법의 적용 등을 통해 더 많은 후속 연구가 이루어질 필요가 있다. 또한 여러 형태의 TMS 기법에 대해 잘 설계된 허위자극에 대한 통제연구뿐만 아니라 서로의 비교연구를 통해 우울증 치료에서의 근거수준을 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.519-524
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• 2014

We have previously shown that 2,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene (TMS), a trans-stilbene analogue, induces apoptosis in human cancer cells. However, the detailed mechanisms of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induced by TMS are not fully understood. In the present study, the possible roles of annexin A5 in TMS-mediated apoptosis were investigated in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of annexin A5 was strongly increased in TMS-treated cells. TMS caused a strong translocation of annexin A5 from cytosol into mitochondria. Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis clearly showed that TMS induced translocation of annexin A5 into mitochondria. TMS increased the expression and oligomerization of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) 1, which may promote mitochondria-dependent apoptosis through disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. When cells were treated with TMS, the levels of Bax, and Bak as well as annexin A5 were strongly enhanced. Moreover, we found that the cytosolic release of apoptogenic factors such as cytochrome c, or apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in mitochondria was markedly increased. Annexin A5 depletion by siRNA led to decreased proapoptotic factors such as Bax, Bak, and annexin A5. Taken together, our results indicate that annexin A5 may play an important role in TMS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis through the regulation of proapoptotic proteins and VDAC1 expression.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2000

Objectives : Talmyung-san(TMS) has been used for treatment of brain diseases in Chinese traditional medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which TMS rescues brain cells from ischemic damages. To elucidate the protective mechanisms of TMS, we execute experiments. Methods : The effects of TMS on ischemia/reperfusion-induced cytotoxicity and generation of nitric oxide(NO) are investigated in primary neonatal myocardial cells and A7rS, aortic smooth muscle cell line. Results : Ischemia/reperfusion itself induces severe myocardial cell death in vitro. However, treatment of the cells with TMS significantly reduces both ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial cell death and LDH release. In addition, pretreatment of TMS before reperfusion recovers the lose of beating rates alter ischemia/reperfusion. For a while, the water extract of TMS stimulates myocardial cells to produce NO in a dose dependent manner and it protects the damage of ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial cells. Furthermore, the protective effects of the water extract of TMS is mimicked by treatment of sodium nitroprusside, an exogenous NO donor. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NGMMA), a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase(NOS), significantly blocks the protective effects of TMS on the cells after ischemia/reperfusion. In addition, on ischemia the water extract of TMS induce NO in A7r5 cell. Conclusions : Taken together, we suggest that the protective effects of TMS against ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial damages may be mediated by NO production of myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cell during ischemic condition.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2007

We have previously shown that 2,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene (TMS), a synthetic trans-stilbene analogue acting as a potent inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 1B1, induces apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells. In the present studies, we report the mechanisms of apoptotic cell death by TMS in human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells. We found that treatment of HL-60 cells with TMS suppressed the cell growth in a concentration-dependent manner with $IC_{50}$ value of about 0.8 ${\mu}M$. Immunoblot experiments revealed that DMHS-induced apoptosis was associated with cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol was significantly increased in response to TMS. TMS caused activation of caspase-3 in a concentration-dependent manner and TMS-mediated caspase-3 activation was partially prevented by the caspase inhibitor, zVAD-fmk. Interestingly, we found that the cytotoxic effect of anticancer drugs such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, or etoposide was enhanced in the presence of TMS. Simultaneous treatment with TCDD also significantly increased cytotoxic effects of TMS alone or TMS and anti-cancer agents. Taken together, our present results indicated that TMS leads to apoptotic cell death in HL-60 cells through activation of caspase-3 activity and release of cytochrome c into cytosol. The ability of TMS to increase cytotoxic effect of anticancer drugs may contribute to its usefulness for cancer chemotherapy.