• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.78-82
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• 1998

The following will describe a method of evaluating the SLAP lesion in the recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. We have named it the biceps load test. The biceps load test is performed with the patient in the supine position and the arm to be examined is abducted 90/sup°/, and the forearm is in the supinated position. First, the anterior apprehension test is performed. When the patient become apprehensive, the patient is allowed active flexion of the elbow, while the examiner resists elbow flexion. If the apprehension is relieved or diminished, the test is negative. If aggravated or unchanged, the test is positive. A prospective study was performed, in which 75 patients who were diagnosed as having recurrent unilateral anterior instability of the shoulder underwent the biceps load test and arthroscopic examination. The biceps load test showed negative results in 64 of these patients, of which the superior labral-biceps complex was intact'in 63 cases and only I shoulder revealed a type n SLAP lesion. E]even patients with a positive test were confirmed to have type n SLAP lesions. A positive biceps load test represents an unstable SLAP lesion in a patient with recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. The biceps load test is a reliable test for evaluating the SLAP lesion in the recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder(sensitivity: ,9] .7%, specificity: 100%, positive predictive value: 1.00 and negative predictive value: 0.98). Biceps contraction increases the torsional rigidity ?of the glenohumeral joint and long head of biceps tendan act as internal rotator of the shoulder in the abducted and externally rotated position. These stabilize the shoulder in abduction and external rotation position in the biceps load test.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.98-105
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• 2021

This study presented the results of the static load tests conducted to verify the structural robustness of the composite oxidant tank for a space launch vehicle. First, we introduced the test equipment used in the static load test of the composite oxidant tank, and then described the test requirements that the composite oxidant tank must satisfy. In addition, we presented a test set-up diagram consisting of the static load test fixture, hydraulic pressure, control equipment, and data acquisition equipment, and the load profile of the static load test of the composite oxidant tank consisting of shear, equivalent compression, bending, and combination tests. As a result of load control, we verified the reliability of this test by showing the errors between the input load and the feedback load in each channel according to the increase of the test load, and the feedback error between the channel A and channel B of load cell in each load actuator. As a result of the static load test, the load of the actuator was properly controlled within the allowable error range in each test, and we found that the test specimen did not cause damage or buckling that causes significant structural defects in the required load.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.186-193
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• 2003

The object of this study is to ensure the stability of bulk cement cars conducting vibration performance test, dynamic characteristic analysis and static load test of bogie frame. In case of static load test, bogie static load test facility was used. In case of dynamic characteristic analysis, Vampire Software was used. In case of vibration performance test, real bulk cement cars were used in kyeung-bu line. In the results of static load test of bogie frame for bulk cement car, all structures satisfied allowable stress criteria of materials. The vibration performance test and dynamic characteristic analysis results satisfied allowable standards.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5-12
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• 2013

In this study, each top-down load test and bi-directional load test has been performed on the 480mm diameter of two rock socketed drilled shafts, which are located next to each other, and the results have been compared. The result shows that the settlement from the equivalent load-settlement curve of bi-directional load test is smaller than one from top-down load test, because elastic is not considered in equivalent load-settlement curve of bi-directional load test. Therefore elastic shortening should be considered to obtain appropriate equivalent load-settlement curve. Three existing methods used to obtain equivalent load-settlement curve with consideration of elastic shortening has been compared with the result of top-down load test. The result shows that those existing methods are sufficiently applicable to the design. In addition, result of comparison between top-down load test and bi-directional load test shows that bi-directional load test was found to overestimate bearing capacity because it does not consider pile body failure.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.465-474
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• 2023

The point load test (PLT) is a widely-used alternative method in the field to determine the uniaxial compressive strength due to its simple testing machine and procedure. The point load test index can estimate the uniaxial compressive strength through conversion factors based on the rock types. However, the mechanism correlating these two parameters and the influence of the mechanical properties on PLT results are still not well understood. This study proposed a theoretical model to understand the mechanism of PLT serving as an alternative to the UCS test based on laboratory observation and literature survey. This model found that the point load test is a self-confined compression test. There is a compressive ellipsoid near the loading axis, whose dilation forms a tensile ring that provides confinement on this ellipsoid. The peak load of a point load test is linearly positive correlated to the tensile strength and negatively correlated to the Poisson ratio. The model was then verified using numerical and experimental approaches. In numerical verification, the PLT discs were simulated using flat-joint BPM of PFC3D to model the force distribution, crack propagation and BPM properties' effect with calibrated micro-parameters from laboratory UCS test and point load test of Berea sandstones. It further verified the mechanism experimentally by conducting a uniaxial compressive test, Brazilian test, and point load test on four different rocks. The findings from this study can explain the mechanism and improve the understanding of point load in determining uniaxial compressive strength.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.1156-1163
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• 2010

The bi-directional high pile load test(BDH PLT) does not have weaknesses found in the existing bi-directional low pile load test(BDL PLT); it has strong economics, is unbound by load capacity limit and secures quality stability of working piles. In this study, Verification the field found a very high capacity level of stability and reliability of the BDH PLT, as well as outstanding field applicability. Field verifications reaffirmed the advantage of the BDH PLT device, which was capable of loading 90 MN capacities as maximum. It was also found to be durable enough to load high capacity with ease.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.447-454
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• 2003

In this test, two separated oil jacks were placed at bottom of drilled shaft(D = 1,500mm, L = 33m), and maximum upward and downward load of 1,250 tonf was applied. Also, the deformable rod sensors were placed on each level, and axial strains at each level were measured. Because the side skin friction and the end bearing could be measured separately in the Osterberg type pile load test, this test might be more economical and more applicable than a conventional static pile load test. Thus, if this Osterberg type pile load test could be established during design stage, construction cost might be reduced and its application for large diameter pile could be enhance greatly.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 1998

This paper presents the results of the load test performed on a steel plate girder bridge and suggests the procedure of bridge rating through the load test. In general the girder bridge resist the loads as a complex three-dimensional structural system. Therefore the test results are analyzed for the longitudinal and the transverse response characteristics. The bending moments based on the beam analysis are compared with the measured values for longitudinal response characteristics. The lateral load distribution characteristics are assessed based on the load test results for transverse response characteristics. Also the rating of the test bridge is performed by using the suggested rating procedure which considers the actual response characteristics of the bridge. The suggested procedure can be used for understanding of actual response characteristics and evaluating load carrying capacity of the steel plate girder bridge.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.36-45
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• 2002

Most of rural bridges have passed 30 years of age since they were built, which have to support unexpected overload caused by changed design load and excessive amount of transportation. For these rural bridges, repairs and replacements are needed. Even though there have been attempt to estimate the safety of existing bridges deteriorated with major defects, those approaches must rely on the observable damage and subsequent decisions are made subjectively. To avoid the high cost of rehabilitation, the bridge rating must correctly represent the present load-carrying capacity. Rating engineers use a methods such as Allowable Stress Design (ASD), Load Factor Design (LFD), and Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) to evaluate the bridge load carrying capacity. In this paper, the load rating methods are introduced, and it is illustrated how to use the load test data from literature survey. Load test is conducted to the bridge that was built 30 years ago in rural area. From load test results, new maintenance method is suggested instead of the bridge replacement.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.122-131
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• 1995

Load test for newly introduced precast segmental bridge is carried out to experimentally evaluate load carrying capacity, Analysis accompanied with the test is also performed and the results are used in the evaluation. In addition to initial evaluation of the bridge by load test, remote dynamic monitoring system to perform realtime assessment of the bridge condition is also under development. In this paper the procedure and results of load test and evaluation are presented along with introduction of dynamic monitoring system.