• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 2007

It is necessary to control the room temperature for comfortable and deep sleep during a tropical night. We need to investigate thermal transport and parameter between human and environment for comfortable sleep. Therefore this study is performed to evaluate the comfortable room temperature based on the change of skin temperature under variations in thermal conditions and several reports. Five female subjects of 20~22 years with similar sleeping pattern were participated for the experiment. The subjects arrived in chamber at 9 pm and adapted to thermal circumstances during 2 hours. The sensors was sticked in body for skin temperatures. If subjects fall asleep in chamber, lights off and then sleep during 8 hours.As results, indoor temperature range for comfort sleep was $23.9{\sim}28.4^{\circ}C$ based on comfort mean skin temperature. But considering transition of time, minimum indoor temperature was $21.6^{\circ}C$, $22.9^{\circ}C$, $24.1^{\circ}C$, $23.9^{\circ}C$ and maximum indoor temperature was $28.2^{\circ}C$, $30.1^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 1983

The objective of the study is to obtain the basic data to establish the standard value of proper clothing weights in the change of thermal environment. For the purpose of this research, clothing weight and thermal sensation have been collected from 160 college student in Seoul and Kwangju area in April, July, October. Results are as follows : 1. Subjects were in Comfortable condition, particularly in Spring and Autumn. But in summer they were in warm condition and the case were reversed in winter when they were under cool condition. 2. The frequency of comfortable thermal sensation were low below 16.5 degree, above 27.5 degree, and were high between 16.5 degree and 23 degree on room temperature. 3. Generally, the positive correlation were found between clothing weights and thermal sensation. 4. Clothing weights and thermal comfort were as follows. Season : Spring, Autumn, Room Temperature(${\circ}C$) : 16.3$\~$23, Clothing Weights($g/m^2$) : 589.9$\~$750.6, Season : Summer Room Temperature(${\circ}C$) : 27$\~$32, Clothing Weights($g/m^2$) : 362.4$\~$432.5, Season : Winter, Room Temperature(${\circ}C$) : 12.5$\~$19.3, Clothing Weights($g/m^2$) : 913.7$\~$1206.2

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.230-234
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• 2000

Thermal comfort by wearing clothes is the important element which gives influence to a clothing comfort. The thermal comfort of clothes have been evaluated by sensory test and physical property of clothes material. To evaluate a thermophysiological comfort. a new evaluation method which measures the physiological response such as electroencephalogram(EEG) is attracting the attention of many people. In the chilly environment, the EEGs in t재 kinds of thermal conditions : with and without clothes were measured. By utilizing the chaos analysis, the behavior of the obtained EEGs were quantiatively expressed in the correlation dimension. As a result, the correlation dimension of the EEGs in being thermal comfortable feeling by putting on clothes, was bigger than the correlation dimension of the EEGs in being cold and discomfort. These results suggest that chaotic analysis of EEG is effective to the quantitative evaluation of thermal esthesis.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.91-103
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• 1996

For determining thermal comfort properties of work suit in an atomic power plant, three different coverall ensembles (PVE, PET/Rayon, PP Nonwoven) were selected and the resistance to dry and evaporative heat transfer were measured for each ensemble by using a sweating thermal manikin. Also, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD(Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) indices were predicted according to ISO 7730. As a result, ideal environmental conditions in an atomic power plant were suggested to make workers feel thermally comfortable. In addition, ideal intrinsic insulation values of coverall ensembles as a work suit under the present environmental conditions in the at6omic power plant were provided. The information given in this paper can be used to control environmental conditions in the atomic power plant thermally comfortable and to select a proper work suit for providing thermal comfort to the workers.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

As more and more people desire to live in an apartment complex with a comfortable outdoor space, many construction company became interested in outdoor design. In order to increase the use of outdoor space and create the most pleasant environment, outdoor thermal environment and comfort should be evaluated quantitatively from the design stage. This study utilized ENVI-met 3.1 model to analyze outdoor thermal environment in apartment complex, and evaluated outdoor thermal comfort in 6 points of apartment complex. The physiologically equivalent temperature(PET) was employed as a outdoor thermal index. Playground B had a poor thermal environment with the maximum PET $43^{\circ}C$ (Very hot). Because shading by building and tree didn't affect outdoor thermal environment of playground B. To design comfortable outdoor space from the view point of thermal environment, the factors influencing Mean radiant temperature(MRT) and wind speed should be considered in design stage. Since it is difficult to control outdoor thermal environment compared with indoor environment, we should take into account an assessment for outdoor thermal environment and comfort in outdoor design stage.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.287-293
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of air and ceiling temperatures on a type of ceiling cooling system that involves cool water circulation. The experiment is conducted in summer. The subjects (11 young females) are exposed to the following conditions: combinations of air temperatures $(27^{\circ}C,\;29^{\circ}C,\;31^{\circ}C)$ and ceiling temperature of $(22.7^{\circ}C,\;23.7^{\circ}C,\;24.7^{\circ}C)$ in still air and RH 50%. The following results were obtained; the thermal sensation vote is neutral at a mean skin temperature of $34.5^{\circ}C$. The ceiling temperature affected different parts of the body. For example, the forehead, scapula and abdomen produced different skin temperatures. Thermal comfort vote was rated as comfortable at high temperature environment. The satisfaction from the ceiling temperature was valued comfortable zone in this experiment. Mean skin temperature showing higher thermal neutrality temperature than existing studies for floor and wall radiation cooling results.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.430-440
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactions between the thermal factors in existing thermal control methods and to find out the control logic that can create more comfortable thermal conditions. For it, four thermal control logics were developed：conventional temperature-based control; temperature-based and humidity-based control; PMV-based control; and TS-based control. Their performance was comparatively tested in the U.S. typical 5-story office building in two climate zones (Detroit, Michigan and Miami, Florida) for two seasons (winter and summer) incorporating IBPT (International Building Physics Toolbox) and Matlab/Simulink. Analysis on the thermal conditions and energy efficiency revealed that each control logic created comfortable conditions for their respective target, i.e., temperature, humidity, PMV or TS, but uncomfortable for others (e.g., temperature-based control logic maintained PMV or TS uncomfortably or vise versa). In addition, energy efficiency was significantly different by logics. In conclusion, it can be said that the overall thermal comfort can be improved by the adoption of the PMV and TS as a target variable and their economical benefits are expected in the hotter climate zones with the reduced cooling and dehumidifying energy consumptions.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.747-754
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• 2003

The actual clothing conditions were surveyed to diagnose clothing condition of Korean female in the view point of the adaptation to the thermal environment according to seasonal changes. Then, clothing microclimate, physiological responses, and subjective sensation were investigated through wearing trials on human body in climatic chamber based on the results from the survey. Factors to evaluate validity of clothing condition were clothing weight, clothing microclimate, physiological response of human body, and subjective sensation. The results were as follows: 1. Clothing weight per body surface area of the season was $856g/m^{2}$, $439g/m^{2}$ in summer, $630g/m^{2}$ in fall, and $1184g/m^{2}$ in winter. Cold - resistance of Korean female in office was superior to Japanese, inferior to residents of rural areas of Korea, and similar to male in office. However, in heat - resistance, female in office was inferior to residents of rural areas of Korea. 2. In spring, fall, winter, clothing microclimate temperature was a little higher than that in summer. Therefore, it was not a desirable wearing condition even though the clothing microclimate was comfortable zone. 3. Mean skin temperature of female in office was including within the range of Winslow's comfortable zone, but the range of comfortable zone in mean skin temperature of female was more narrow than Winslow's. Thus, it has problem for female to adaptation to thermal environment.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2013

This study aims to improve the thermal comfort level of detached housing area by reducing the impact of thermal environment. The study focused on reducing surface temperature that is generated in buildings and adjacent spaces as a result of sensible heat load and presented a proposal on implementing planting method considering its outdoor condition and structure and composed materials. To perform the study, we utilized 3D-CAD to examine the outdoor condition and structure and composed materials that impact on surface temperature and conducted space design after reflecting climatic elements in simulations. The result is as follows. In reviewing temperature distribution of Heat Island Potential (HIP) of buildings and adjacent spaces, in case where green coverage ratio is increased, there was a $6^{\circ}C$ temperature difference and in regard to changes in the thermal environment in detached housing area, in case where rooftop planting, surface improvement, planting, and overall green coverage ratio is increased, there was a $10^{\circ}C$ temperature difference. In addition, there was difference in temperature in detached housing area following the changes in wind.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.187-199
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• 1985

The low-temperatured radiant heating System like a panel heating system is recognized as nice means to make comfortable indoor environment. Perhaps, 'Ondol' would be a typical example of the Panel heating system. Nevertheless. Occupants in a radiantly heated Space which has an asymmetric radiant field may feel thermally discomfort due to the asymmetric radiation. The aim of this Study is to suggest the fundamental technical data for establishing Standards of thermally comfortable environment when designing a radiant heating System. Thermal distribution of indoor environment and the skin temperature of the occupants were measured at experimental room in KIER (Korea Institute of Energy and Resources). Whole/Regional thermal and comfort Sensation votes of the occupants were taken simultaneously in order to investigate the relationships between thermal environmental factor and the occupants' responses. The effect of an asymmetric radiation on thermal environment and the occupants' responses was analyzed by using a v.r.t.(vector radiant temperature). By this means, the thermally neutral limits for the ambient air temperature and the floor surface temperature by the occupants' responses were Obtained. And the recommended temperature limits of the indoor surface were derived from the experimental work and the theory of radiant and will provide thermal neutrality for man without any discomfort on the part of the body.