• 제목/요약/키워드: Third-Party Damage

검색결과 55건 처리시간 0.021초

음향 전파 모델을 이용한 천연가스 배관용 타공사 모니터링 시스템의 개발 (The Development of Third-Party Damage Monitoring System for Natural Gas Pipeline Using Sound Propagation Model)

  • 신승목;서진호;띤;김상봉
    • 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.905-910
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, we develop real-time monitoring system to detect third-party damage on natural gas pipeline by using sound propagation model. Since many third-party incidents cause damage that does not lead to immediate rupture but can grow with time, the developed real-time monitoring system can execute a significant role in reducing many third-party damage incidents. The developed system is composed of three steps as follows: i) DSP based system, ii) wireless communication system, iii) the calculation and monitoring software to detect the position of third-party damage using the propagation speed of acoustic wave. Furthermore, the developed system was set at practical offshore pipeline between two islands in Korea and it has been operating in real time.

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진동신호를 이용한 타공사 조기 감시 기술 연구( I ) (Study on real time monitoring to detect third party damage using vibration signal)

  • 조성호;전경수;박경완;조용범;이선엽;고영태
    • 한국가스학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2000
  • 매설되어 있는 배관에 위험성을 초래하는 요소중 하나는 굴삭기와 천공기 같은 타공사에 의한 것이다. 타공사에 의한 피해는 다른 원인에 의한 것보다 사고발생시 막대한 인명피해를 초래하기 때문에 안전관리가 매우 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 타공사를 조기에 감시하기 위해서 진동센서를 이용하여 타공사와 같은 충격신호를 감지할 수 있는 지와 얼마만큼 떨어진 거리까지 전파할 수 있는지에 대하여 한국가스공사 배관에 적용하여 실험하였다. 그리고 감지된 신호의 충격위치를 알아보기 위하여 모의배관내에서의 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 가까운 거리에서 감지된 충격신호는 주된 신호가 고주파수 대역이며, 거리가 멀어질수록 고주파수 대역의 성분들은 소멸되어지고 저주파수 대역만이 남아 있게 된다. 또한 5.3km 떨어진 공급관리소에서의 실험을 통하여 40kg의 물체가 l0cm, 5cm의 높이에서 자유낙하 하였을 때 진동센서(가속도계)를 통하여 감지 가능함을 확인하였다.

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Development of Third-Party Damage Monitoring System for Natural Gas Pipeline

  • Shin, Seung-Mok;Suh, Jin-Ho;Im, Jae-Sung;Kim, Sang-Bong;Yoo, Hui-Ryong
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • 제17권10호
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    • pp.1423-1430
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, we develop a real time monitoring system to detect third-party damage on natural gas pipeline. When the damage due to third-party incidents causes an immediate rupture, the developed on-line monitoring system can help reducing the sequences of event at once. Moreover, since many third-party incidents cause damage that does not lead to immediate rupture but can grow with time, the developed on-line monitoring system can execute a significant role in reducing many third-party damage incidents. Also, when the damage is given at a point on natural gas pipeline, the acoustic wave is propagated very fast about 421.3 m/s. Therefore, the data processing time should be very short in order to detect precisely the impact position. Generally, the pipeline is laid under ground or sea and the length is very long. So a wireless data communication method is recommendable and the sensing positions are limited by laid circumstance and setting cost of sensors. The calculation and monitoring software is developed by an algorithm using the propagation speed of acoustic wave and data base system based on wireless communication and DSP systems. The developed monitoring system is examined by field testing at Balan pilot plant, KOGAS being done in order to demonstrate its validity through reactive detection of third-party contact with pipelines. Furthermore, the development system was set at the practical pipelines such as an offshore pipeline between two islands Yul-Do and Youngjong-Do, and a land branch of Pyoungtaek, Korea and it has been operating in real time.

타공사 감시를 위한 광섬유 가속도계의 개발 (Development of Fiber Optic Accelerometer for Third-Party Damage Detection)

  • 박호림;최재붕;김영진
    • 대한기계학회논문집A
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    • 제25권10호
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    • pp.1551-1558
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    • 2001
  • Recently, a number of underground pipelines have been drastically increased. The integrity of these buried pipelines, especially gas transmitting pipelines, is of importance due to an explosive characteristic of natural gas. The third party damage is known as one of the most critical factor which causes fatal accidents. For this reason, a number of systems detecting third party damage are under development. The major concern in the development of third party damage detection system is to transmit vibration signals out of accelerometer to signal conditioner and data acquisition system without any interference caused by noise. The objective of this paper is to develope a fiber optic accelerometer applicable to third party damage detection system. A fiber optic accelerometer was developed by use of combining principles of one degree of freedom vibration model and an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer. The developed fiber optic accelerometer was designed to perform with a sensitivity of 0.06mVg, a frequency range of less than 6kHz and an amplitude range of -200g to 200g. The developed, accelerometer was compared with a piezoelectric accelerometer and calibrated. In order to verify the developed accelerometer, the field experiment was performed. From the field experiment, vibration signals and the location of impact were successfully detected. The developed accelerometer is expected to be used for the third party damage detection system which requires long distance transmission of signals.

로마조약의 개정과 국내입법의 필요성에 관한 소고 (Some Consideration on the Study of ICAO for the Rome Convention Amendment and the Necessity of Domestic Legislation)

  • 김선이;권민희
    • 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.3-32
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    • 2008
  • In proportion to recent developments in aviation technology and growth of the air transport market, the risk of damages to third parties caused by aircrafts and the likelihood of unlawful interference on an aircraft in flight has grown larger. The war risk insurance market was paralyzed by the 9/11 terror event. And if another event on the scale of 9/11 occurs, compensations for third party damages will be impossible. Recognizing the need to modernize the existing legal framework and the absence of a globally accepted authority that deals with third party liability and compensation for catastrophic damage caused by acts of unlawful interference, the ICAO and various countries have discussed a liability and compensation system that can protect both third party victims and the aviation industry for the 7 years. In conclusion, in order to provide adequate protection for victims and the appropriate protection for air transport systems including air carriers, work on modernizing the Rome Convention should be continued and the new Convention should be finalized in the near future. Korea has not ratified the relevant international treaties, i.e. Rome Convention 1933, 1952 and 1978, and has no local laws which regulate the damage caused by aircraft to third parties on land. Consequently, it has to depend on the domestic civil tort laws. Most of the advanced countries in aviation such as the United States, England, Germany, France and even China, have incorporated the International Conventions to their national air law and governed carriers third party liability within their jurisdiction. The Ministry of Justice organized the Special Enactment Committee for Air Transport chapter under Commercial Law. The Air Transport chapter, which currently includes third party liability, is in the process of instituting new legislation. In conclusion, to settle such problems through local law, it is necessary to enact as soon as possible domestic legislation on the civil liability of the air carrier which has been connected with third party liability and aviation insurance.

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무선데이타 통신을 이용한 실시간 타공사 감시 시스템 개발 (Development of Real Time Monitoring System for third party damage Detection Using Wireless Data Communicating)

  • 박승수;조성호;유휘룡;김동규;전경수;박대진;구성자;노용우
    • 한국가스학회지
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.59-64
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    • 2000
  • 배관에 가해지는 충격을 실시간으로 모니터링하고, 충격위치를 산출 할 수 있는 모니터링 시스템을 무선데이타 통신을 이용하여 개발하였고, 마산만 해저배관에 현장적용 후 충격실험을 통하여 유용성을 검증하였다. 실험에 사용된 배관은 총 길이 1365m, 운용압력 8.6kgf/cm^2$$, 직경 12inch인 실제 운용중인 해저가스배관을 사용하였다. 충격실험에서 충격위치 계산오차는 배관내에서 충격음파 속도의 $1\%$정도의 거리였다.

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고압가스배관의 기계적 충격(타공사)에 대한 실험적 연구 (An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Impact (Third Party Damage) of High Pressure Gas Pipe)

  • 이경은;김정환;하유진;길성희
    • 한국가스학회지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 2017
  • 가스배관 사고의 대표적인 원인 중 하나는 기계적 충격(타공사 등)으로 인한 사고이다. 이는 국내 주요 산업단지에 매설되어 있는 고압가스배관의 대다수가 매설 시기가 20년 이상인 노후 배관이기 때문에 사고 발생 시 별도의 검사 및 보강 시간 없이 대형 사고로 이어질 가능성이 높다. 본 연구에서는 타공사(굴착공사) 실험을 통해 기계적 충격 시 배관에 미치는 결함 정도에 대해 연구하였다. 실제 산업단지에서 굴착공사 시 사용되고 있는 21 ton 굴착기와 ASTM A106 Grade.B와 ASTM A53 Grade.B 배관을 이용해 타격실험을 진행하였다. 그 결과 굴착기 작업에 이용되는 버켓 중 톱니 버켓 일 때 결함의 정도가 더 컷으며, 매설되어 있는 배관의 관경이 작을수록 결함의 깊이 및 길이가 큰 것을 확인하였다. 굴착기 작업 중 타격 높이는 매설 배관의 결함에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 확인하였다.

항공기에 의하여 발생된 제3자 손해배상에 관한 로마협약 개정안에 대한 고찰 - 불법방해배상협약안과 일반위험협약안을 중심으로 - (A Study on the Revised Draft of Rome Convention on Compensation for Damage Caused by Aircraft to Third Parties - With Respect to the Draft Unlawful Interference Compensation Convention and the Draft General Risks Convention -)

  • 이강빈
    • 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.27-51
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    • 2007
  • The cumulative result of the work by the ICAO Secretariat, the Secretariat Study Group and the Council Special Group on the Modernization of the Rome Convention of 1952 are two draft Conventions, namely: "Draft Convention on Compensation for Damage Caused by Aircraft to Third Parties, in case of Unlawful Interference", and "Draft Convention on Compensation for Damage Caused by Aircraft to Third Parties" The core provisions of the former draft Convention are as follows: The liability of the operator is strict, that is, without the necessity of proof of fault. It would be liable for damage sustained by third parties on condition only that the damage was caused by an aircraft in flight(Article 3). However, such liability is caped based on the weight of the aircraft(Article 4). It is envisaged to create an independent organization called the Supplementary Compensation Mechanism, with the principle purpose to pay compensation to persons suffering damage in the territory of a State Party, and to provide financial support(Article 8). Compensation shall be paid by the SCM to the extent that the total amount of damages exceeds the Article 4 limits(Article 19). The main issues on the farmer draft Convention are relating to breaking away from Montreal Convention 1999, no limits on individual claims but a global limitation on air carrier liability, insurance coverage, cap of operators' strict liability, and Supplementary Compensation Mechanism. The core provisions of the latter draft Convention are as follows: the liability of the operator is strict, up to a certain threshold tentatively set at 250,000 to 500,000 SDRs. Beyond that, the operator is liable for all damages unless it proves that such damage were not due to its negligence or that the damages were solely due to the negligence of another person(Article 3). The provisions relating to the SCM and compensation thereunder do not operate under this Convention, as the operator is potentially for the full amount of damages caused. The main issues on the latter draft Convention are relating to liability limit of operator, and definition of general risks. In conclusion, we urge ICAO to move forward expeditiously on the draft Convention to establish a third party liability and compensation system that can stand ready to protect both third party victims and the aviation industry before another 9/11-scale event occurs.

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국제물류분야의 제3자 물류업체 선정을 위한 우선순위 요소 결정 (Deciding of the Priority Elements for Choosing Third-Party Logistics Provider in International Logistics)

  • 하창승
    • 수산해양교육연구
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.1214-1223
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this work is to analyze the factors, criteria and importance that shippers in the international logistics industry take into account in choosing third-party logistics, and thereby to propose the directions of the areas and functions that third-party logistics will need to enhance on the basis of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. To do that, this work collected and analyzed materials about changing environments of logistic industry and previous studies, and especially conducted a questionnaire survey on the factors to choose third-party logistics with the study subjects of shippers in the international logistics industry. To draw attribute factors, this work repeatedly chose and classified candidate factors through Delphi technique on the basis of the data of previous studies. The analysis results are presented as follows: regarding pairwise comparison between logistic cost and logistic service in relation of conflict, logistic service was recognized to be more important than logistic cost; regarding pairwise comparison between corporate capability and logistic cost, logistic cost was recognized to be more important; and regarding comprehensive evaluation, logistic service factors, including accuracy of order handling, service reliability, freight damage and compensation, a degree of fulfillment of promise, quality of transportation, and problem-solving ability, were found to be in high position.

교량공사 제3자 피해 손실에 의한 리스크 분석 연구 (A Study on Bridge Construction Risk Analysis for Third-Party Damage)

  • 안성진;남경용
    • 한국건축시공학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.137-145
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    • 2020
  • 최근 교량은 장대화, 신공법의 도입에 따른 위험요인의 증가로 교량공사에서의 철저한 안전 및 리스크 관리 체계가 필요하다. 공사 현장 주변에 있는 발주자 건설공사 관련자 및 공사와 관련이 없는 제 3자의 기존 재산에 손해를 발생시킬 수 있어 제3자 피해 손실로 인한 리스크가 명확히 분석되어야 함에도 불구하고 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구는 교량건설 사업에 대한 국내 주요 보험사의 과거 보험료 지급 실적을 토대로 실제 교량 건설에서 제3자 피해 손실로 인한 손실에 대한 교량건설 특성에 따른 리스크 요인을 분석하고, 정량화된 예측 손실 모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 정량적 교량건설 손실모형 개발을 위해 사고 건당 보험지급액을 총공사비로 나눈 손실비율을 종속변수로 선정하였고, 상부구조, 하부구조, 홍수 및 도급순위가 교량건설 중 제3자 피해에 의한 손실비율에 영향을 미치는 지표로 나타났다. 도출된 결과는 건설프로젝트에 대한 손실 평가 모델 개발에 기존의 프로젝트 내부에서 발생한 손실과 더불어 제3자 피해손실을 고려함으로써 더불어 균형 있는 리스크 평가에 필수적인 지침으로 활용할 수 있다.