• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3220-3229
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• 2015

This study analyzed the effect of team feedback environment on feedback-seeking behavior, and further explored how feedback-seeking behavior led to the feeling of thriving at work and team commitment. Also, we examined the moderating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between team feedback environment and feedback-seeking behavior. Using survey data from 201 workers employed in various industries in Korea, we found that team feedback environment was positively related to feedback-seeking behavior, and that the relationship was moderated by self-efficacy. In addition, feedback-seeking behavior was positively associated with the feeling of thriving at work and team commitment. The result suggests the importance of feedback-seeking behavior in improving performance as well as work attitude and energy. The result also emphasizes the critical role that team feedback environment plays, and the need to find ways to nurture the environment that fosters feedback seeking and giving.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.19-31
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• 2017

Plants are the basis for sustainable green growth, and the value of existence and importance of trees including landscape Plants can't be emphasized enough. Therefore, they are precious living things thriving in all sorts of public services, and continuous civil complaints for justifiable compensation of landscape Plants are filed. First, the standard formula of planting intervals according to production target specifications is calculated using root-collar caliper and diameter at breast height, and apply (1) standard medium sized trees which have not yet reached commercialization [deciduous tree production goal (R(B) less than 6cm]= (target standard)= [target standard $R(cm){\times}15{\times}0.7$]. (2) In case of commercialization(R6~R10)= [target standard $R(cm){\times}15{\pm}5%$], (3) In case of more than R12= [target standard $R(cm){\times}15{\times}130%$] shall be applied. In case of using diameter at breast height (4) In case of commercialization(B6~B10)= [target standard $B(cm){\times}20{\times}15{\pm}5%$], (5) In case of more than B12= [target standard $B(cm){\times}20{\times}130%$] shall be applied. Second, appraisal methods based on tree classification of compensation for loss are classified according to planted locations. (1) landscape trees within a house=[price of arrival at the site+planting cost], (2) landscape trees in places such as arboretum=[management technology of tress + relocation expenses considering scarcity of the trees (3) landscape trees in a place of loads= [landscape tree production cost + work out added price. In case of producted landscape threes (4) landscape trees ready to be commercialized as sales loss.

• East European & Balkan Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.247-268
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• 2013

The ever-increasing informal economy in post-socialist Eastern Europe forces one to wonder about what transition to post-socialism is for and about. Informal economy, which refers to unregistered work and services to was rampant in the socialist period across Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. It was considered as a pathological phenomenon of the socialist system and exposing the rigidity and inefficiency of the command economy amongst the socialist regimes. The ordinary people of the Eastern bloc had to resort to all sorts of informal channels to get hold of goods and services constantly in short supply, especially at the last decade of the really existing socialism. However, it is ironical to observe the same old informal economy, considered pathological, even more thriving in the new era of post-socialism in Eastern Europe. After all, the system has changed into the capitalism, the antipode to socialism. It should be mentioned that the function of informal economy is seen to be even more intensified, from a means to make living better in the socialist time to a means for survival and sustenance in the post-socialist period. It follows from the socialist experience that the deficiency of the ruling system could not be indefinitely borne out. Real remedies should be sought out before it will be too late.