• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.389-393
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• 2004

Tilting bogie system allow the train to pass curve at higher speed without affecting passenger comfort. As the tilting trains offer the optimum means of providing faster and more comfortable rail service with minimum of environmental disturbance and capital investment, more than 14 countries have now adopted or are about to adopt tilting train technology. The Korean National Railroad is also planing to apply faster tilting train to the areas where the High speed rail service are not provided. This paper describes the design and mechanical characteristics of Bogie for 180 km/h Korean Tilting Train(TTX), which was done as a part of the Korean National R&D project.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1125-1127
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• 2008

Recently, the tilting train has been developed to increase speed in conventional line. Due to global environmental changes, it is necessary to investigate quantitatively the environment of tilting train. This study evaluated the environmental impacts of tilting train to grasp a key issue environmentally. The related data were collected from bill of material (BOM). The system boundary of tilting train was determined by its cumulative weight. In addition, the $CO_2$ emission in the operation phase of tilting train was calculated. Based on this basic study, the environment of tilting train will be assessed exactly through the establishment of life cycle inventory database for its main components.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10c
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• pp.401-405
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• 2003

This paper presents a design strategy of the dynamic simulator for the Korean tilting train. The tilting train simulator will generate the tilting motion to the lateral acceleration date obtained from the train dynamic analysis. The simulator will be composed of five components: (1) GUI control panel, (2) train dynamic analysis part, (3) tilting control part, (4) motion base with 6 electrical-motor-driven actuators and (5) visualization system. Using the simulator, we will verify the dynamic behaviors of the tilting train, interfaces among subparts and ride comfort before manufacturing of the tilting train.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.199-206
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• 2015

A rising attention is paid to the railway system in many countries. KOREA is also of the opinion that the railway has to play a more important role in the near future to face up to the problems that increase gradually in the transport sector. To attract more traffic to the rail networks, it is important for rail modes to have running time competitiveness. Tilting trains, where it is possible to tilt the car-body towards the center of the curve, are a less expensive alternative to shorten travelling times on existing lines. Running time for tilting train is one of the most important factors, with which passenger demand forecasting or economic feasibility analysis will be done. This paper evaluates the speed limitation of tilting train around curves and also presents calculation process of its simulated possible running time. Then the adequacy of estimated time is verified with running time for Korean protype tilting train TTX (Tilting Train eXpress) by actual test run. As a case study, the estimated running time for the production version of tilting train and its time saving are presented compared with 2012's conventional Saemaul trains and non-tilting trains on the Gyeongbu line in the Korean rail network.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1227-1234
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• 2011

Korea is a mountainous country, with as much as 70% of the area is covered by hills and mountains. This geography places constraints on the minimum radius of curvature for the rail network. It was expected that the speed of trains could be enhanced on the existing railway network without a huge investment in infrastructure by using tilting trains. The development of tilting trains in Korea started in 2001 as research & development project. A 6-car prototype test tilting train, called the Tilting Train eXpress (TTX), was built in December 2006 and experimental trials began in 2007. TTX has distributed power, is designed to run at 200 km/h, and has a planned service speed of 180 km/h. In this paper, we first describe the performance of tilting train, and then present the estimated running times, and the time saving compared with today's conventional trains and non-tilting trains, based on the Jungang line. So the time saving could be separated into two effects by higher track top-speed and tilting devices.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.177-180
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• 2004

The development of a tilting train with construction of electric line on the conventional railway is required for speed-up on the conventional railway with many curving sections. For development of tilting train, the study and development of the tilting system and tilting bogie having the different mechanism with a general high speed train will play a main role for improving the technology in the field of Korean railway The study and development of the pantograph tilting mechanism in order to keep a good contact behavior between a pantograph and a contact wire by tilting a pantograph on the opposite direction of the vehicle tilting direction. In this study, we analyzed the aerodynamic characteristic of a developing pantograph on the tilting train and obtained the contact force with catenary by aerodynamic lift force by the aerodynamic analysis. We also performed the numerical analysis for design the device controlling lift force on a pantograph. From the aerodynamic simulation and parameter study for a device to control the lift force, we will suggest the various shape and the optimal shape of it corresponding to a developing tilting pantograph. The Fluent software is used for the calculation of flow profile in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.8 no.6 s.31
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• pp.500-506
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• 2005

The development of tilting train has been required for speed-up on the conventional electric railroad due to the characteristic of Korean railroad with a lot of curve track. The study and development of a tilting system and a tilting bogie which have a different mechanism with high speed train will play a important role for enhancement of technology for Korean railway. The study for tilting pantograph mechanism to decrease the displacement between a catenary and a center of pantograph happened when the carbody is tilted in order to maintain the ride comfort and stability m a curving track is proceeding with the development of tilting train. In this paper, we introduce the design concept for the tilting mechanism of pantograph and the role and characteristics for several devices adopted in the tilting mechanism of pantograph. Through the kinematic analysis of tilting mechanism, we will obtain and calculate the optimal tilting angular velocity and acceleration in order to keep the contact behavior of a pantograph and a catenary according to tilting of a carbody.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.9 s.240
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• pp.1183-1190
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• 2005

This paper presents a dynamic model of railway vehicle for the development of a 6-axis tilting train simulator. The tilting train simulator will be used to verify the tilting electronics and tilting control algorithm that are to be applied to the Korean tilting train. The tilting train simulator is composed of 6 electric-driven actuators, a track generation system, a graphic user interface, and a visualization system with a 1600mm-diameter dome screen. The each system shares the data by means of ethernet network in realtime. In this study, a train model of 9-DOF with a force generation system to tilt train body has been developed. The dynamic analysis for the straight track running and curve negotiation of a railway vehicle can be performed in the model. In this study, a verification study for the application of the model to the simulator has been conducted under curving situation on the track with different radii.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1829-1834
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• 2010

In order to prepare for the commercialization of Korean tilting train, this study was made on the pre-analysis of risk factors that can happen during operation, and emergency measures for safe operation of tilting train. The purpose of the study of emergency measures is to help to make tilting train run safely by making counteraction procedures for unusual situations such as train breakdown or accidents during the operation of a tilting train so that the engineer can quickly take care of each situation. Based on the items of emergency measures for EMU operated by Korean Railroad(or Korail), possible breakdown items during operation were selected and prioritized considering the occurring frequency and emergency level of each breakdown. In addition to these items, by adding items to represent tilting train's typicalfunctions such as tilting function error, tilting storage battery's electric pressure drop, etc, a total of62 emergency items were finally selected and measures for each item was made.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.435-442
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• 2004

Tilting train allow the train to pass curve at higher speed without affecting passenger comfort. As the tilting trains run curve track about 30$\%$ higher than non-tilting trains, the centrifugal force and dynamic force will be higher. Therefore it is very important for tilting train to ensure safety against derailment, and to reduce the lateral track forces by applying light-weight design, optimized suspension design and steering mechanism. The 180 km/h Korean Tilting Train(TTX) which is now developing as a part of the Korean National R & D project, was designed and analytically verified to meet these special requirements. This paper describes the analytic study to verify the safety against derailment, especially on the wheel unloading in case of tilting actuation. The severest curve geometry and curving speed was assumed, the tilting control pattern was also assumed as trapezoidal force function applied to tilting bolster and bogie frame. For the comparison, the operation with the speed of tilting train without tilting actuation was numerically simulated and the operation with the balanced speed without tilting actuation was also numerically simulated. Through the numerical simulation of various operating case, we found that derailment quotients, wheel unloading and Q/P was not affected by tilting actuation and that the bogie of TTX was nicely designed to satisfy the safety against the derailment.