• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.18-27
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• 1996

The feasibility of using stress-wave technique in the transverse direction for the assessment of early stages of decay was investigated using compression test specimens having different annual ring orientations subjected to decay by Tyromyces palustris for various time intervals. Decay detection, quantitative assessment of decay, and the prediction of residual strength of decayed wood with less than five percent weight loss can be feasible using stress-wave parameters (wave velocity, wave impedance, and stress-wave elasticity) and their percent reduction due to decay, measured by stress-wave technique in the transverse direction. The use of stress-wave technique in the transverse direction for the application of this technique to structural members in service is desirable, when considering the easiness of attachment of accelerometers of stress-wave measuring device on the surface of members and also accurate detection of localized decayed areas. In stress-wave technique in the transverse direction, stress-wave parameters measured were different according to the angles between wave propagation path and annual ring, due to the anisotropy of wood structure. Therefore, it is recommended to use percent reduction in stress-wave parameters instead of stress-wave parameters. This evaluation method using percent reduction in stress-wave parameters is ideal when it is impossible to observe annual ring orientation on the transverse surface of wood.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

This study reported, the effect of random variation in system properties on bending response of single wall carbon nanotube reinforced composite (SWCNTRC) plates subjected to transverse uniform loading is examined. System parameters such as the SWCNT armchair, material properties, plate thickness and volume fraction of SWCNT are modelled as basic random variables. The basic formulation is based on higher order shear deformation theory to model the system behaviour of the SWCNTRC composite plate. A C0 finite element method in conjunction with the first order perturbation technique procedure developed earlier by the authors for the plate subjected to lateral loading is employed to obtain the mean and variance of the transverse deflection of the plate. The performance of the stochastic SWCNTRC composite model is demonstrated through a comparison of mean transverse central deflection with those results available in the literature and standard deviation of the deflection with an independent First Order perturbation Technique (FOPT), Second Order perturbation Technique (SOPT) and Monte Carlo simulation.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2013

The most common orthodontic methods of treating mandibular transverse deficiencies is extractions, interdental stripping, and other dento-alveolar compensation but it can not addressesd about skeletal problem This study assessed the treatment outcomes after surgically assisted rapid tooth orthodontics using the symphysis osteotomy and dentoalveolar distraction osteogenesis technique. The applications of distraction osteogenesis in mandibular widening, by symphysis osteotomy, has emerged as a definitive, predictable and better stability. The most important factors in mandibular widening is performed with simple surgical technique and devices. As a results, these techniques are very useful and effective in cases of difficult tooth movement in adult orthodontics transverse problems There were few intraoperative or postoperative complications and were not clinically significant.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2019

Multilayered high-temperature superconductor coated conductor (CC) tapes are used in an extensive range of applications and are exposed to many stresses such as hoop stress, radial/transverse tensile stress under large Lorentz forces, and thermal stress while cooling if thermal expansion properties differ. Loads induced transversely at the tape surface inevitably create delamination phenomena in the multilayered CC tapes. Thus, delamination behaviors of CC tapes along the c-axis under transverse loading conditions, which can vary based on manufacturing process and constituent layers, must be characterized for applications. The anvil test method was used to mechanically investigate the delamination characteristics of various commercially available Ag-stabilized CC tapes at room temperature and 77 K, finding superior strength at the latter. The wide variations found depended on tape structure and fabrication technique. Fractographic morphologies of delaminated tapes supported the findings under transverse loading conditions.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.411-416
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• 2006

The critical subject of transverse crack detection in a rail head is treated in this paper. Conventional bulk wave ultrasonic techniques oftenfail because of shelling and other surface imperfections that shield the defects that lie below the shelling. A guided wave inspection technique is introduced here that can send ultrasonic energy along the rail under the shelling with a capability of finding the deleterious transverse crack defects. Dispersion curves are generated via a semi analytical finite element technique along with a hybrid guided wave finite element technique to explore the most suitable modes and frequencies for finding these defects. Sensor design and experimental feasibility experiments are also reported.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2022

Objective : Placement of a single transverse stent via the nondominant A1 across the anterior communicating artery (AComA) into the contralateral A2 can provide sufficient neck coverage for wide-necked bifurcation AComA aneurysms. The authors described the feasibility, safety and long-term outcomes of this technique. Methods : Between January 2015 and February 2018, placement of a single transverse stent via the nondominant A1 was attempted in 17 wide-necked bifurcation AComA aneurysms. The authors reviewed the medical records and radiological studies. Results : The technical success rate was 94.1% (16/17). Periprocedural thromboembolic complications occurred in one patient (6.3%) without permanent neurological deficits. The mean clinical follow-up duration was 39.9±9.8 months. No deaths or delayed thromboembolic complications occurred. The mean angiographic follow-up duration was 38.9±9.8 months. The immediate and final follow-up complete occlusion rates were 87.4 and 93.7%, respectively. There was no recanalization during the follow-up period. Conclusion : Placement of a single transverse stent via the nondominant A1 across the AComA into the contralateral A2 is a feasible and relatively safe endovascular technique for the treatment of wide-necked bifurcation AComA aneurysms, with good long-term occlusion rates and a reasonable complication rate, if only the nondominant A1 is applicable.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.21.1-21.3
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• 2019

Background: Treatment planning the correction of a transverse maxillary occlusal plane cant often involves a degree of qualitative "eyeballing", with the attendant possibility of error in the estimated judgement. A simple chair side technique permits quantification of the extent of asymmetry and thereby quantitative measurements for the correction of the occlusal plane cant. Methods: A measuring instrument may be constructed by soldering the edge of a stainless steel dental ruler at 90° to the flat surface of a similar ruler. With the patient either standing in natural head position, or alternatively seated upright in the dental chair, and a dental photographic retractor in situ, the flat under-surface of the horizontal part of this measuring instrument is placed on a unilateral segment of a bilateral structure, e.g. the higher maxillary canine orthodontic bracket hook. The vertical ruler is held next to the contralateral canine tooth, and the vertical distance measured directly from the canine bracket to the flat under-surface of the horizontal part of the measuring instrument. Results: This vertical distance quantifies the overall extent of movement required to level the maxillary occlusal plane. Conclusions: This measuring instrument and simple chair side technique helps to quantify the overall extent of surgical levelling required and may be a useful additional technique in our clinical diagnostic armamentarium.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.758-766
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• 2005

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the transverse troughs on hydrodynamic behavior within the a certain full-scale sedimentation basin (flow rate/one basin; $10,000m^3/d$) using CFD simulation and ADV technique. In order to verify the CFD simulation, we measured the factual velocity at 36 points in the full-scale sedimentation basin, whose outlet structure is inadequate, with ADV technique. Both the CFD simulation and the ADV measurement results were in good accordance with each other. From the CFD simulation results of the existing basin, it was investigated that extreme upward flow occurs in the near of two transverse troughs. It was suspected that since the transverse troughs converted the open channel flow into the local closed pipe flow, the increased pressure in this local closed pipe flow region made the extreme upward flow. For solving this problems, it was suggested to modify transverse-typed launder into finger-typed launder and to install a longitudinal baffle in the center in this study. The CFD simulation results of all suggested amendments told us that the extreme upward flow, had occurred especially in the beneath of transverse troughs, was much less in the case of finger typed launder basin than that in the existing basin. Also, it was predicted that installing a longitudinal baffle made the fully developed flow which is more effective for sedimentation.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2008

본 연구는 실제적으로 어린이를 대상으로 구강보건교육을 시행하고 있는 구강보건교육자인 치위생과 학생 80명을 대상으로 Pea-size로 짜는 방법과, 가로짜기로 짜는 방법으로 짠 세치제 양을 비교하였고, 5~7세 어린이 66명을 대상으로 평소 잇솔질 시 통상적으로 세치제를 짜는 방법과, Pea-size 및 가로짜기 방법으로 짠 양을 비교하여 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 치위생과 학생들이 Pea-size 방법으로 짠 세치제의양은 0.40 g, 가로짜기 방법으로 짠 세치제의 양은 0.34 g으로 유의한 차이가 나타나 가로짜기로 짰을때 더 적은양의 세치제를 짜는 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.05). 2. 5~7세 어린에서는 평소 통상적으로 짜는 방법대로 짠 양이 0.40 g, Pea-size 방법으로 짠 세치제량은 0.43 g, 가로짜기 방법으로 짠 세치제량은 0.26 g으로, Pea-size 방법으로 짠 세치제량 가장 많았다. 따라서 현재 구강보건교육시 권고하는 Pea-size 방법을 고려해야 할 필요성이 있다고 생각되었다. 3. 어린이들이 세치제를 짜는 방법별로 사용된 세치제량을 비교해 본 결과, 가로짜기 방법으로 짠 세치제량을 Pea-size로 짠 세치제량과 비교했을 때 약65%,통상적인 방법으로 짠 세치제량과 비교했을 때 약 60% 감소를 보여주었다. 뿐만 아니라 어린이들에게서 가로짜기방법으로 짠 세치제량의 편차가 더 적은 것을 역시 확인할 수 있었다. 4. 가로짜기 방법은 부모나 어린이에게 구강보건교육 시 짜는 방법을 보여주며 교육할 수 있으므로 효과적일 뿐만 아니라, 불소세치제 사용량의 감소로 부주의한 불소 섭취를 최소화할 수 있어 어린이에게 추천할 수 있다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the toothpaste squeezing methods and the amount of toothpaste that the daycare teachers apply for the children in order to prevent the overuse of fluoride-containing toothpaste among children, and to understand their educational experiences on oral health and their awareness of the right amount of toothpaste used. Methods: The subjects in this study were 87 teachers at 16 different daycare centers in the city of Sokcho, Gangwon Province. They were interviewed to find out whether they had ever received oral health education and whether they were cognizant of the right amount of toothpaste to be used. And a transverse technique and a pea-sized squeezing technique were selected to look for connections between their toothpaste squeezing methods and the amount of toothpaste used by them. Results: 89.7 percent of the daycare teachers investigated taught to preschoolers how to do toothbrushing after they took meals and had a snack. 36.8 percent of the daycare teachers had children squeeze toothpaste on their own. The amount of toothpaste applied by the daycare teachers at a time was 0.58ｇ. When they utilized two other squeezing methods, transverse technique and pea-sized squeezing technique, they used each 0.38 g (p<0.005) and 0.38 g (p=0.405) of toothpaste. Conclusion: To prevent children from being overly exposed to fluoride-containing toothpaste, daycare teachers should learn about the right amount of toothpaste to be used when oral health education is provided, and the transverse technique should be recommended to ensure the use of the proper amount of toothpaste.