• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2003

The measurement uncertainties of an ultrasonic flowmeter were analyzed to evaluate its applicability to the measurement of the steam generator feedwater flow-rate in a nuclear power plant. The analyses of measurement uncertainties of a reactor power were also performed with the analyses of feedwater flow measurement uncertainties. Two ultrasonic flowmeters based on a cross-correlation technique and a transit time method were used in this study. The ultrasonic flowmeters were installed on a feedwater pipe line of a typical 1000 MWe Korea-standardized nuclear power plant to take the necessary data. The results have shown that the measurement uncertainties of the ultrasonic flowmeters are adequately smaller than those or a venturi meter. The research has also indicated that the measurement uncertainties of the reactor power based on the ultrasonic flowmeter uncertainties are sufficiently bounded by the uncertainty range usually assumed in nuclear safety analyses.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.429-442
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• 2000

Based on current evidence in the literature, it is known that endotoxin is a weakly adherent surface phenomenon and that power-driven instruments can be used to accomplish definitive root detoxification and maximal wound healing without overinstrumentation of root and without extensive cementum removal. And one of the newly developed curette tips used with low power of piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler, is effective to remove calculus and not to remove the excessive cementum. The purpose of this study is therefore, to assess the influence of ultrasonic power and various working parameters on root substitute removal when instrumentation is performed with the curette tip on piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler. This study assessed defect depth, width and area resulting from instrumentation using a piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler with a curette type tip in vitro to acrylic resin block as a root substitute. The working parameters was standardized by the sledge device which controls lateral force(0.5 N, 1 N, 2 N) and instrumentation time(5 sec, 10 sec, 20 sec) and power setting was adjusted 0,2,4,8 in P mode. Power setting had the greatest influence on defect depth compared to lateral force and instrumentation time(standardized regression parameter estimates${\pm}$standard error, $0.37{\pm}0.02$, $0.19{\pm}0.02$, $0.07{\pm}0.02$). The effects on defect area also greatest for power setting($0.57{\pm}0.03$) compared to lateral force and instrumentation time($0.33{\pm}0.03$, $0.12{\pm}0.03$). The effect of the power setting on the defect width($0.15{\pm}0.01$) is not so great as defect depth or defect area compared to lateral force($0.12{\pm}0.01$) and effect of instrumentation time is minimal($0.02{\pm}0.01$). It could be concluded that the power setting has the greatest influence on the defect depth and area in curette type tip with low power of piezoelectric ultrasonic device. Many parameters can be adjusted in various situation in clinical use of piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler but the power setting is the first parameter to be adjusted.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제54권12호
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• pp.553-557
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• 2005

This paper describes the application results of an ultrasonic detection system for the power transformer. The ultrasonic detection system with 6 sensors was applied to detect partial discharge in a 154kV transformer with a dangerous levels of $C_{2}H_{2},\;C_{2}H_4$ and $CH_{4}$ gases. The ultrasonic detection tests were carried out 2 times, respectively, to confirm the existence and location of the partial discharge in the transformer. As a result of internal inspection, the arc trace between the pressure ring and core due to the partial discharge was found at the estimated position based on the amplitude and arriving time of the ultrasonic signals. Therefore, it was verified that the ultrasonic detection system is effective as a preventive diagnosis method for the power transformer. Also, the reliability of the ultrasonic detection system in detecting partial discharges in the transformer was also confirmed. It is expected, therefore, that the ultrasonic detection system will have beneficial effects on applications and verifications in detecting partial discharges for the power transformer.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2020

Since the typical horn-type ultrasonic equipment induces a reaction at the probe tip, the sonochemical reaction has a limitation that it occurs only in a specific area. As one of the ways to overcome this limitation, an ultrasonic device with multi-stepped horn equipped with several oscillators has been developed. The objective of this study was to investigate the sonochemical effects induced by acoustic cavitation system in 20 kHz multi-stepped ultrasonic horn using calorimetry, KI dosimetry and the luminol test. The sonochemical effects of multi-stepped ultrasonic horn were compared with that of the typical horn-type 20 kHz ultrasonic device. The effect of immersion depth and power on the sonochemical reaction was investigated in the ultrasonic system with multi-stepped ultrasonic horn. Higher calorimetric energy was obtained at higher immersion depth and power conditions. Sonochemical effects increased significantly when using the high immersion depth and input power. However, as the input power increased, the cavitation reaction zone concentrated around the ultrasonic horn. Additionally, the experiments to examine the effect of liquid temperature was conducted. The smaller sonochemical reaction was obtained for the higher liquid temperature. The effect on temperature seems to be closely related to liquid conditions such as viscosity and vapor pressure of water.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2013

The periodic inspection of piping and pressure vessels welds in nuclear power plant has to provide reliable result related to weld flaws, such as location, maximum amplitude response, ultrasonic length, height and finally the nature or flaw pattern. The founded flaw in ultrasonic inspection is accepted or rejected based on these data. Specially, the amplitude of flaw response is used as basic parameter for flaw sizing and it may cause some deviation in length sizing result. Currently the ultrasonic inspections in nuclear power plant components are performed by specific inspection procedure which describing inspection technique include inspection system, calibration methodology and flaw characterizing. To perform ultrasonic inspection during in-service inspection, reference gain should be established before starting ultrasonic inspection by the requirement of ASME code. This reference gain used as basic criteria to evaluate flaw sizing. Sometimes, a little difference in establishing reference gain between calibration and field condition can lead to deviation in flaw sizing. Due to this difference, the inspection result may cause flaw sizing error. Therefore, the objective of this study is to compare and evaluate the ultrasonic amplitude difference between air filled and water filled pipe in nuclear power plant. Additionally, the accuracy of flaw sizing is estimated by comparing both conditions.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.845-852
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• 2012

Recently, wireless power transfer technology is ready to be commercialized in consumer electronics. It draws attention from not only experts but also public because of its convenience and huge market. However, previous technologies such as magnetic resonance and induction coupling have limited applications because of its short transfer distance compared to device size and magnetic intensity limitation on the safety of body exposure. As an alternative, ultrasonic wireless power transfer technology is proposed. The ultrasonic wireless power transfer system is composed of transmitter which converts electrical energy to ultrasonic energy and receiver which converts the ultrasonic energy to the electrical energy again. This paper is focused on the development of high energy conversion efficiency of ultrasonic transmitter. Optimal transfer frequency is calculated based on the acoustic radiation and damping effect. The transmitter is designed through numerical analysis, and is manufactured to match the optimal transfer frequency with the size of 100 mm diameter, 12.2 mm thickness plate. The energy conversion efficiency of about 13.6 % at 2 m distance is obtained, experimentally. This result is quite high considered with the device size and the power transfering distance.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.771-776
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• 2012

Recently, wireless power transfer technology is ready to be commercialized in consumer electronics. It draws attention of not only experts but also public because of its convenience and huge market. However, previous technologies such as magnetic resonance and induction coupling have limited applications because of its short transfer distance compared to device size and magnetic intensity limitation for the safety of body exposure. As an alternative, ultrasonic wireless power transfer technology is proposed. The ultrasonic wireless power transfer system is composed of transmitter which converts electrical energy to ultrasonic energy and receiver which converts the ultrasonic energy to the electrical energy again. This paper is focused on the development of high energy conversion efficiency of ultrasonic transmitter. Optimal transfer frequency is calculated based on the acoustic radiation and damping effect. The transmitter is designed through numerical analysis, and is manufactured to match the optimal transfer frequency with the size of 100mm diameter, 12.2 mm thickness plate. The energy conversion efficiency of about 13.6% at 2m distance is obtained, experimentally. This result is quite high considered with the device size and the power transfer distance.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2013

The emergency AC power supply system of the nuclear power plant is designed to supply the power to the nuclear power plant at the emergency operating condition. The safety function of the diesel generator at the nuclear power plant is to supply AC electric power to the safety system whenever the preferred AC power supply is unavailable. The reliable operation of onsite standby diesel generator should be ensured by a condition monitoring system designed to maintain, monitor and forecast the reliability level of diesel generator. The purpose of this paper is to improve the existing ultrasonic sensor used for condition diagnosis of engine fuel pump and cylinder head for the accurate diagnosis in actual engine condition of emergency diesel generator(EDG). As a result of this study, we could design and develop much more reliable ultrasonic sensor than existing ones.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1727-1732
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• 2004

For the purpose of monitoring by ultrasonic test of the ball bearing conditions in rotating machinery, a system for their diagnosis was developed. ultrasonic technique is used to detect abnormal conditions in the bearing system. And various data such as frequency spectrum, energy and amplitude of ultrasonic signals, and ultrasonic parameters were acquired during experiments with the simulated ball bearing system. Based on the above results and practical application for power plant, algorithms and judgement criteria for diagnosis system was established.

• 물과 미래
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1993

매립이 완료된 Landfills이나 오염된 지하수의 오염물질을 제거하여 다른 용도로 재사용하는 기술이 오늘날 중요한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 진동을 이용하여 제가효율을 높히는 방법은 요즘 흔히 사용되고 있는 방법중의 하나이다. Ultrasonic의 효과를 사용함으로써, 기계적인 제거효과가 대단하다는 것은 이미 몇몇 연구자들에 의해 확인된바 있다. 이 연구에서는 Probe-Type Lutrasonic Processor를 사용하여 Clayey-Sand Chamber를 가지고 실험을 해보았다. 실험중 계속적인 Pumping과 함께 Ultrasonic을 작동시킨 결과, Clayey 입자들의 분리 및 제거에 큰 효과를 얻었으며, 그로 인하여 투수계수가 크게 증가하는 효과를 보았다. 또한, 실험 전과 후의 입자크기의 분포도가 크게 변했는데, 그 이유는 Ultrasonic의 진동효과 때문이다. 실험결과, 0.004mm 이하의 입자들은 Ultrasonic의 효과에 의해 Mobilize되었으며, 0.04-1.0mm의 입자는 부서져서 작은 입자로 되었다. 이 기구를 사용하기 위한 유지비와 전력비등을 고려하여 이 기구의 실용성을 검토해 보았다. 필요한 Power를 위해 요구되는 전력의 양은 깊이에 의한 대상 site의 응력, 온도, 그리고 Fuid의 Viscosity에 의해 좌우되며, 그중 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요소는 흙의 깊이이다. 여러 가지의 다른 깊이에서의 경제적인 실용성을 1.0, 2.0in 직경의 Horn Sonicator를 사용했을 경우에 대하여 비교와 분석을 하였다.