• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ventilation

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The Characteristics of Behavior for Ventilation and Maintenance for Ventilation Equipments by Multi-family Housing Residents to Actualize Healthy Housing (건강주택 실현을 위한 공동주택 거주자의 환기행태 및 환기기기 관리 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Youn-Jae
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.93-101
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of the study is to investigate the behaviors for ventilation to control indoor air quality and characteristics of the maintenance for ventilation equipments by multi-family housing residents. This study was conducted by the survey in the area of Seoul and Kyungki-do. The results of the study are as follows: the majority of respondents conduct ventilation once a day, below 20 minutes with opening some windows of the inside of the house. The time for ventilation is generally between 9-11 am. and 5-7 pm. Most of the wives are responsible for ventilation activities. In addition, so far building materials and furniture are not seriously considered as the source of indoor air pollution by the respondents. Their satisfaction for indoor air before and after ventilation is perceived as just the level of average. As the mechanical ventilation equipments such as a hood and an exhaust fan, half of the respondents are using them frequently. However, the ventilation equipments are not maintained well. Specially maintenance and checks for exhaust fans are hardly conducted. In conclusion, the frequency of ventilation is very limited and residents show passive attitudes about ventilation and maintenance of ventilation equipments. Therefore, for the actualization of healthy housing, educational programs and guidelines on the way of ventilation targeting the residents should be set up and a certain organization has to check periodically the performance of the ventilation equipments of each house in the multi-family housing complex.

Energy and Air Quality Benefits of DCV with Wireless Sensor Network in Underground Parking Lots

  • Cho, Hong-Jae;Jeong, Jae-Weon
    • International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.155-165
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    • 2014
  • This study measured and compared the variation of ventilation rate and fan energy consumption according to various control strategies after installing wireless sensor-based pilot ventilation system in order to verify the applicability of demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) strategy that was efficient ventilation control strategy for underground parking lot. The underground parking lot pilot ventilation system controlled the ventilation rate by directly or indirectly tracking the traffic load in real-time after sensing data, using vehicle detection sensors and carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) sensor. The ventilation system has operated for 9 hours per a day. It responded real-time data every 10 minutes, providing ventilation rate in conformance with the input traffic load or contaminant level at that time. A ventilation rate of pilot ventilation system can be controlled at 8 levels. The reason is that a ventilation unit consists of 8 high-speed nozzle jet fans. This study proposed vehicle detection sensor based demand-controlled ventilation (VDS-DCV) strategy that would accurately trace direct traffic load and CO sensor based demand-controlled ventilation (CO-DCV) strategy that would indirectly estimate traffic load through the concentration of contaminants. In order to apply DCV strategy based on real-time traffic load, the minimum required ventilation rate per a single vehicle was applied. It was derived through the design ventilation rate and total parking capacity in the underground parking lot. This is because current ventilation standard established per unit floor area or unit volume of the space made it difficult to apply DCV strategy according to the real-time variation of traffic load. According to the results in this study, two DCV strategies in the underground parking lot are considered to be a good alternative approach that satisfies both energy saving and healthy indoor environment in comparison with the conventional control strategies.

Development of Ventilation Duct Chamber for Reducing Space (공간 절약형 환기덕트를 위한 챔버 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sang-Jin;Choi, Sang-Sik;Lee, Sung
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.535-539
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    • 2008
  • The machinery ventilation system in case of using the window nature ventilation is difficult due to strong outdoor wind pressure is common ventilation measure. increasing height and decreasing economical efficiency problem because of ventilation duct installation is rising and a measure is urgent. The purpose of this study is analysis required height according to each ventilation system and development of ventilation duct system to reducing height and model testing.

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A Study on Ventilation Effectiveness in the Non-isothermal Supply using Mixing and Displacement Ventilation Systems (비등온 급기조건에서 환기방식에 따른 환기효율 특성에 관한 연구)

  • 이재근;강태욱;윤석구;구재현;한정균;조민철
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.13 no.8
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    • pp.739-745
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    • 2001
  • The objective of this research is to analyze the ventilation effectiveness in the non-isothermal air supply using mixing and displacement ventilation systems for indoor air quality control and management. In this study, a ventilation effectiveness is evaluated in a simplified model chamber using a tracer gas technique of $CO^2$ gas injected into a supply duct as a function of ventilation rates, supply/extract sites and cooling/heating air supply. The ventilation effectiveness decreased with increasing ventilation rate on the cooling and heating conditions. And the ventilation effectiveness of case 3 (down supply and upper extract) was better thant that of case 1(upper supply and upper extract) and case 2(upper supply and down extract) with the cooling supply conditions. but for the heating supply air conditions, the ventilation effectiveness of case 2 was better than that of case 3 and case 1.

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Ventilation standards in USA (미국의 환기 기준 동향)

  • Bae, Gwi-Nam
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.116-118
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    • 2005
  • The ASHRAE first ventilation standard was established in 1973. This standard has been revised regularly, and recently the ventilation standard for residential building was issued separately. Two ASHRAE ventilation standards are introduced in this article.

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A Study on the Improvement of Ventilation Effectiveness in High-rise Apartment Buildings (초고층 공동주택의 환기효율 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Jin-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.87-94
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    • 2006
  • The efficiency of ventilation system is one of the most important issues of designing ventilation in high-rise apartment buildings. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ventilation efficiency of ventilation system by experimental study using CO2 gas method. The results of this paper can be summarized as follows; (1) An appropriate ventilation including opening planning, mechanical and hybrid system are required. (2) The supply diffuser of ventilation system should be located near the contaminant source. (3) The return grill should be located along with supply diffuser for proper ventilation. and the return grill should be located near or right above the contaminant source. (4) However, the supply location right above the contaminant source has to be avoided. and the supply diffuser should be installed in module with return grill increase ventilation effectiveness.

A Study on Ventilation Performance driven by Wind Force in Underground Parking Lots of Apartment - Influence of Opening Size and Surrounding Building - (공동주택 지하주차장의 풍력환기 성능에 관한 연구 - 환기구 면적 및 주변건물의 영향 -)

  • Roh, Ji Woong
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2012
  • As a series of studies about natural ventilation driven by wind in basement parking lots of apartment, the influence of opening size and surrounding buildings on ventilation rate was analyzed. Natural ventilation in underground parking lots almost rely on wind than temperature difference. To investigate natural ventilation driven by wind, wind tunnel tests by using scale model and tracer gas method were conducted. $CO_2$-gas concentration was measured, natural ventilation rates were calculated. The experimental results showed that the natural ventilation rate is more reliable to wind direction and surrounding building than opening size and distance between buildings. It was verified that surrounding buildings play a principal role in increasing air flow rate by accelerating wind speed, and growing turbulence intensity. And it showed that ventilation performance is able to be increased by oblique wind to entrance ramp than head on wind in underground parking lots with surrounding buildings.

Study on Ventilation Performance of Multi-room in Apartment - Airflow and Ventilation Effectiveness in Multi-room - (공동주택의 환기방식별 다수실 환기 성능에 관한 연구 - 다수실의 환기경로 및 환기효율 -)

  • Kwon, Kyung-Woo;Cho, Si-Jin;Choi, Eui-Sung;Park, Jun-Seok
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.399-404
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    • 2006
  • Heating and cooling load of ventilation is a very important part of building energy saving. Improving ventilation effectiveness can save building energy consume and supply fresh air to indoor efficiently. So this study measured mulity-zone aiflow and ventilation effectiveness according to ventilation types. Result of measurement show that ventilation effectiveness is depends on ventilation system design rather than ventilation types.

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The Use of Demand Controlled Ventilation in Multi-Purposed Facility (수요기반 환기량 조절법 (DCV)의 다중이용시설 적용방안)

  • Jeong, Jae-Weon;No, Sang-Tae
    • 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.04a
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    • pp.111-116
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    • 2008
  • The objective of this paper was to show the possibility of demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) using the current Korean ventilation standard for multi-purposed facilites. Two attractive DCV approaches; $CO_2$-DCV and RFID-DCV were applied to DCV simulations for a theoretical public assembly space served by a dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) with enthalpy recovery device. A numerical model for predicting realtime occupant number, ventilation rate, and $CO_2$ concentration under given conditions was developed using a commercial equation solver program. It was found that the current ventilation standard causes unstable ventilation system control in DCV applications, especially under $CO_2$-DCV. It is because the ventilation rate (per person) used in Korea is the sum of the outdoor air required to remove or dilute air contaminants generated by both occupant and building itself, and not a pure function of occupant numbers. Finally, it makes DCV control unstable when ventilation flow is regulated only by the number of occupants. In order for solving this problem, current Korean ventilation standard was modified as a form of ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 showing good applicability to various DCV approaches. It was found that this modification enhances applicability of the current ventilation standard to DCV significantly.

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Effects of Tipping Paper and Plug Wrap on Cigarette Filter Ventilation (팁페이파 및 필터권지 기공도 조합이 제품담배 공기희석율에 미치는 영향)

  • 김정열;김종열;신창호
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.60-64
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    • 2001
  • The variability of a ventilated filter cigarette depends on the details of its construction and one properties of its components and the variations in filter ventilation is effected by many factors such as tobacco column pressure drop, filter pressure drop, tipping paper and plug wrap permeability, and vent position. In this study, the effects of combination of tipping paper and plug wrap on filter ventilation of cigarettes were studied for the target ventilation level under the specific tobacco column and filter tip in order to reduce the variation of filter ventilation. When Nicolas Baskevitch\`s equation on filter ventilation was used to try out Monte Carlo Simulation, at the combination where tipping paper permeability is high and plug wrap permeability is low, even the small change in tipping paper and plug wrap permeability showed high variation of target ventilation level. Also, according to the analysis data of filter ventilation in cigarettes designed at the level of 45% filter ventilation by the combinations with tipping paper and plug wrap, the variation in cigarette filter ventilation was increased as increasing tipping paper permeability and decreasing plug wrap permeability. As the results of this study, the variation of filter ventilation can be reduced by increasing plug wrap permeability/tipping paper permeability ratio in the cigarette design, considering 2-3% of tipping paper permeability variation(%CV) and about 10% of plugwrap permeability variation.

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