• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.165-174
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was to analysis of pain using visual analogue scale questionnaire. Methods : Questionnaire were completed by 101 adult patients of department relation to simple pain in hospitals of Taegu from March 10, to April 10, 2000. The information was used to estimate multiple regression for the pain related factors association. Results : Visual analogue scale scores of mean was 4.29. work modification scores was 5.50. The scores of 1 month below was mild$(45.16\%)$, 6 months above was discomfort$(56.41\%)$. distressing$(72.73\%)$. and excruciating$(100.0\%)$ in association between present pain index and duration(p=0.002). Visual analogue scale scores was significantly associated with frequency of pain and present pain index. Conclusion : Date from this study support a statistically significant association between visual analogue scores scores and two factors found in other research to increase the relation with pain. This findings may have implications for targeting frequency of pain and present pain index.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was to analysis of pain using visual analogue scale and self rating anxiety scale questionnaire. Methods: Questionnaire were completed by 83 adult patients of department relation to pain in hospitals of Daegu from June 20, to August 10, 2001. The information was used to estimate multiple regression for the pain and anxiety scale related factors association. Results: Women visual analogue scale 4.6 scores of mean was higher than man 4.3 scores. Man self rating anxiety scale 30.2 scores of mean was higher than women 26.8 scores. The scores of 6 months above was discomfort 51.8, 1 month below was mild 22.1%, 2-3 months was discomfort 10.5%, and 4-5 months was discomfort 9.3% in association between present pain index and duration. Conclusion: Visual analogue scale scores was significantly associated with frequency of present pain index. Self rating anxiety scale scores was significantly associated with frequency of occupation and present pain index.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2005

The purpose of this study were to compare the differences of isometric lumber extension strength and subjective pain degrees between obesity patients group and normal body fat group in disc surgical operated patients. The research purposed to indicate how isometric lumbar extension exercise for 12 weeks affected to lumbar strength and visual analogue scale of patients suffered by chronic back pain. The subjects were 65 low back pain patients(male 30, female 35)who had disease on lumbar in W hospital. The lumbar extension strength was measured at seven degrees of angles, which were $0^{\circ}$ $12^{\circ}$ $24^{\circ}$ $36^{\circ}$ $48^{\circ}$ $60^{\circ}$ and $72^{\circ}$ before and after the exercise program. We got the results of subjective pain degree using the modified visual analogue scale(VAS) of Lawlis et al(1989) and measured the maximal isometric lumbar strength of all subjects using MedX lumbar extension machine. Results were as follows; After the exercise, the lumbar extension strength of normal body fat patients groups included males and female were greater than that of the obesity patients groups in all angles(p<.05). The visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients was decreased significantly after the exercise(p<.05). The results showed the significance between the lumbar extension strength and the visual analogue scale of chronic back pain patients and showed that the isometric lumbar extension exercise decreased the subjective pain degrees of visual analogue scale with and increased lumbar extension strength. The correlation between the visual analogue scale and the %body fat of chronic back pain patients was no significant after exercise. Therefore, the lumbar extension strength exercise is needed for improvement of back strength, decrease of %body fat.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the efficiency of subjective assessment that exams the subjective symptom of patients with back pain at the department of physical therapy. To assess the subjective symptom, we used the pain questionnaire using visual analogue scale (VAS) that was developed by Wang on 1995. Questionnaires were administered to 31 adult patients(male : 11, female : 20) with herniated lumbar disk(13), low back pain(8), myofascial pain syndrom(5), lumbar strain(4), ankylosing spondylitis(1). Mean age was 36.3 ranged from 20 to 65. The results of this study were as follows : 1) In each of 15 subjects, there was a significant decrease in VAS between pre- and post-treatment(p<0.05). 2) Mean VAS of total subjects was $6.26{\pm}2.55$ in pre-treatment, $4.50{\pm}2.47$ in post-treatment (p<0.001). Result of this study was shown efficiency of pain management by subjective assessment. The continuous study is needed for many interesting illue of pain management using VAS.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.27-44
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• 2004

Objective : To evaluate the pain improvement of the lumbago patients taken the electro-acupuncture therapy using Visual Analogue Scale. Methods : The 25 patients of 46 lumbago patients visited department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion in National Medical Center from 1st March to 20th August had taken the electro-acupucture therapy more than 5 times. We checked on their age, sex, onset, radiating pain, back pain past history and Straight Leg Raising test. And we evaluated their improvement of back pain using Visual Analog Scale(VAS) at each visit. Then we analyzed the pain improvement by their age, sex, onset, radiating pain, back pain past history, Straight Leg Raising test, visiting frequency and Visual Analog Scale on 1st visit(VAS1) Results : VAS of 24 patients has improved and VAS of one patient has not been changed. There's no patient getting worse. The women and the positive group at SLR Test had better result of pain improvement. Conclusion : The lumbago patients taken electro-acupuncture more than 5 times showed significantly different pattern of pain improvement according to the sex and the SLR test.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.111-117
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was done for reporting effect of moxibustion therapy on the degenerative arthritis of knee joint with osteochondroma. Methods : Two patient with degenerative arthritis of knee joint with osteochondroma was treated by moxibustion therapy. We applied moxibustion therapy three times a day for 12 days(three days per week). To investigate effectiveness of treatment we used visual analogue scale, Korean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities. Results : 1. The moxibustion therapy deceased knee joint pain. 2. As a result of evaluation by visual analogue scale, Korean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities the score marked lower than before treatment and after treatment. Conclusion : Moxibustion therapy decreased knee joint pain that patient have degenerative arthritis of knee joint with osteochondroma.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.149-153
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• 2011

This study was performed to report the effectiveness of direct moxibustion on a patient with intersection syndrome. The patient was diagnosed as intersection syndrome and treated with acupuncture, direct moxibustion and physical therapy. We have evaluated curative efficacy with measuring changes of visual analogue scale before and after treatment. After treatment, visual analogue scale decreased. These results suggest that direct moxibustion was effective on patient with intersection syndrome.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.140-148
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the scapulothoracic mobilization on subject with lateral epicondylalgia. This was done through lateral slide scapular test, grip strength, visual analogue scale, glenohumeral joint external rotation range of motion. Methods: Before the experiment, Lateral slide scapular test, grip strength, visual analogue scale, glenohumeral joint external rotation range of motion were measured. Scapulothoracic joint mobilization was applied and then measurements were taken again to compared the changes. Results: After applying the scapulothoracic joint mobilization, lateral slide scapular test, grip strength, visual analogue scale, glenohumeral joint external rotation range of motion significantly improved. Conclusion: This study found that the scapulothoracic mobilization was effective in improving functional aspects and pain on subject with lateral epicondylalgia. The results suggest that the scapulothoracic joint mobilization is a significant considered intervention method that could be used for subject with lateral epicondylalgia.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.185-196
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was undertaken by the department of Korean neuropsychiatry, to evaluate the effects of M&L psychotherapy and Korean Medical Treatments on hospitalized North Korean defectors.Methods: We treated two patients with indigenous Korean medical therapies (acupuncture and herb-medicine) and M&L psychotherapy. Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Mini-mental state examination Korean Version (MMSE-K), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the patients.Results: Following observations were made after treatments. Case 1: the patient had significant improvement in Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Case 2: similar improvements were observed. Here, the patient had undergone Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Mini-mental state examination Korean Version (MMSE-K), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). In addition, noticeable improvement was observed in other accompanying symptoms.Conclusions: These results suggest that M&L Psychotherapy and Korean medical treatments might be effective for treating the psychiatric and physical symptoms of hospitalized North Korean Defectors.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.202-208
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• 2003

Objective : This study was designed to compared with the effect of body acupuncture and 8 constitution acupuncture by pain Disability Index(PDI) and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). Methods : Body acupuncture group consists of 10 patients and 8 Constitution acupuncture group consists of 10 patients. The degree of improvement was evaluated by PDI and VAS after 2 weeks treatment. PDI consists of seven items and they are scored as 10 points per each item. Results : After 2 weeks treatment there was no significant difference between the two groups in PDI scores, each PDI item's score and VAS score. Conclusions : The effect of 8 constitution acupuncture is not statistically different form that of body acupuncture on neck pain. Further study is needed about the effectiveness of 8 constitution acupuncture.