• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권2호
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• pp.1433-1436
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• 2007

Using a blue emitting DPVBi material and red dopant DCJTB, WOLEDs with and without green emitter C6 added in ETL or HTL have been fabricated. The chromaticity color index of WOLEDs without C6 depends strongly on the doping concentration. In addition, manipulating thickness of emitting layer is similar effect such as controlling weight concentration of dopant. While the white color of WOLEDs with C6 added in ETL or HTL depend on position of C6. WOLED of three colors added green dye have been shown turn-on voltage of 3.25V, and EL efficiency 3.05cd/A @9V, $8102\;cd/m^2$, CIE coordinates (0.30, 0.32).

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권2호
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• pp.1403-1406
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• 2007

An effective WOLED structure was demonstrated which improved a luminous efficiency and white color chromaticity independent on applied bias by employing effective carrier transporting layer, without any alteration of emissive materials. The modified WOLEDs exhibited 2 times higher luminous efficiency than the control device and showed balanced white emission during an operation.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.697-699
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• 2009

Optical properties of white organic light-emitting devices (WOLEDs) fabricated utilizing a phosphor layer acting as a color conversion layer were investigated. The WOLEDs were achieved due to the enhancement in the color conversion efficiency of the phosphor layer, and the chromaticity coordinates of WOLEDs were (0.29, 0.33).

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.482-485
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• 2009

We have fabricated transparent white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) for lighting application. The structure property relationship of hybrid WOLEDs has been investigated and optimized devices showed high efficiency. Introduction of transparent cathode of LiF/Al/Ag into the hybrid WOLED led highly efficient WOLED with good transparency.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.175-195
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• 2008

Recent years have brought remarkable developments in white light emitting devices (WLEDs) and white organic light-emitting devices (WOLEDs). However, their efficiency, CIE values, CRI and lifetime are still not ideal. This review covers detailed discussion about syntheses of organometallic complexes, inorganic phosphors and quantum dots used in WLEDs, WOLEDs and their electroluminescent properties until December 2007.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1583-1586
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• 2006

All non-dopant white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) have been realized by using solid state highly fluorescent red bis(4-(N-(1- naphthyl)phenylamino)phenyl)fumaronitrile (NPAFN) and amorphous bipolar blue light-emitting 2-(4- diphenylamino)phenyl-5-(4-triphenylsilyl)phenyl- 1,3,4-oxadiazole (TPAOXD), together with well known green fluorophore tris(8- hydroxyquinolinato)aluminum $(Alq_3)$. The fabrication of multilayer WOLEDs did not involve the hard-tocontrol doping process. Two WOLEDs, Device I and II, different in layer thickness of $Alq_3$, 30 and 15 nm, respectively, emitted strong electroluminescence (EL) as intense as $25,000\;cd/m^2$. For practical solid state lighting application, EL intensity exceeding $1,000\;cd/m^2$ was achieved at current density of $18-19\;mA/cm^2$ or driving voltage of 6.5-8 V and the devices exhibited external quantum efficiency $({\eta}_{ext})$ of $2.6{\sim}2.9%$ corresponding to power efficiency $({\eta}_P)$ of $2.1{\sim}2.3\;lm/W$ at the required brightness.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.2299-2302
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• 2009

By controlling the number of electrons transferred to the emitting layer, highly efficient three-wavelength WOLEDs were fabricated. Such WOLEDs are different from those made using simple stacking of RGB emitting layers in that the movement distribution of electrons transferred to emitting layer could be adjusted using the difference in LUMO energy level and that lights of all 3 wavelengths could be emitted through appropriate arrangement of RGB emitting layers. WOLED device with the structure of m-MTDTA (40 nm)/NPB (10 nm)/ Coumarin6 doped $Alq_3$ (3%) (8 nm)/ Rubrene doped NPB (5%) (15 nm)/NPB (2 nm)/ DPVBi (20 nm)/$Alq_3$ (20 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (200 nm) showed high luminance efficiency of 8.9 cd/A and color purity of (0.31, 0.40). In addition, WOLED device with the thickness of non-doped NPB layer increased from 2 nm to 3 nm to increase blue light emission showed a luminance efficiency of 7.6 cd/A and color purity of (0.28, 0.36).

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1055-1055
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• 2009

The mobility of charge carriers has been investigated in the pristine and phosphorescent materials doped host materials using time-of-flight photoconductivity technique. The field and temperature dependences of the mobility were analyzed with the Gaussian disorder model. Based on these results, we optimized white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) consisting of multi-emitting layers doped with phosphorescent and fluorescent dopants. Especially, we studied the effect of each emitter position and an interlayer on the device characteristics of WOLEDs.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.820-822
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• 2009

Tandem white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are fabricated by using a transparent interconnecting layer of Al:LiF composite/molybdenum oxides ($MoO_3$). We demonstrate two types of tandem WOLEDs consisting of two color emissions (red and blue emission) and three color emissions (red, green and blue emission). Tandem WOLED consisting of three color emission shows higher external quantum efficiency and current efficiency.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.493-494
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• 2006

We have demonstrated highly efficient WOLED with two separated emissive layers using a blue fluorescent dye and a red phosphorescent dye. we also obtain stable $CIE_{x,y}$ coordinates with two-layered WOLEDs. The device structure was ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/two separated emissive layers/Bphen/Liq/Al. The maximum luminous efficiency of the device was 11.6 cd/A at $20\;mA/cm^2$ and $CIE_{x,y}$ coordinates varied from (x = 0.33, y = 0.37) at 6V to (x = 0.28, y = 0.35) at 14V.