• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.783-787
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• 2009

A point-to-mesh type discharge system, utilizing a water-pen point as a corona discharge electrode and a mesh as an ion induction electrode, has been proposed, and the effect of the water-pen point electrode of the discharge system to the ionic wind velocity and generation yield was investigated. It was observed that the proposed discharge system with the water-pen point electrode can generate a higher ionic wind velocity as compared with that of the metal point electrode. As a result, the peak ionic wind velocities of 2.61 and 4.05 m/s for the positive and negative corona discharges of the proposed discharge system can be obtained, which are 1.39 and 1.15 times higher than those of the metal point electrode with same design. The ionic wind generation yield of 4.72 m/s/W of the discharge system with the water-pen point electrode was obtained for the positive corona, which was 3.66 times higher than that of the metal point electrode. This enhancement may be due to the effect of the water-pen point electrode.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07c
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• pp.1378-1381
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• 1995

Some interesting electrochemical characteristics of waterpen point-to-plate airgaps for dc and ac powers have been investigated at room atmosphere in a metal chamber. It is found that the ac discharge on the Pt point generated much ozone, while the negative do discharge on the waterpen point generated the highest ozone. And, the ac discharges of the waterpen point and the Pt point produced a little $NO_x$. But the dc discharge of the Pt point and waterpen point did not generated $NO_x$ anyway. As a result, it could be said that the water on the pen point acts something to generate ozone and $NO_x$ in room atmosphere.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 1971

1) Among five lactic acid bacteria examined, Str. thermophilus and Str. diacetilactis produced remarkably greater amount of acids in soybean milk than Str. lactis, Str. cremoris and L. bulgaricus. 2) Soybean milk and skimmed dry milk were combined in the ratio of 7 : 3 and were carried out in lactic acid fermentation for 24 hours at optimum temperature. The result indicated that the yield of precipitation and protein content of it were the most, the moisture content was the least and curd structure formed was considered too hard. 3) Based on these and other results, following procedure was used for manufacturing: soybean milk and skimmed dry milk were combined in the ratio of 7 : 3, heated at $121^{\circ}C$ for 20 min., cooled, added Str. thermophilus as lactic acid starter and incubated for 24 hours and $37{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The curd was cooked, hooped, and pressed for 24 hours, to the surface of which, Penicillium caseicolum and sodium chloride were spread. During ripening of the curd at $15^{\circ}C$ and $85{\sim}90%$ RH for 21 days, Pen. caseicolum was highly developed after 7 days, pH was increased and proteolytie activity has reached to the peak point after 14 days. After 7 days of ripening total water soluble nitrogen, water soluble protein nitrogen and amino acids nitrogen were begun to increase. After 21 days of ripening total water soluble nitrogen, water soluble protein nitrogen and amino-N reached to 52%, 32% and 14% of total nitogen. In the soybean cheese, after 21 days of ripening, 17 or more kinds of amino acids were detected by two-dimentional paper chromatography. The product contained 63.2% of moisture, 17.5% of crude protein, 13.2% of crude fat, 2.8% of crude ash and 2.5% of sodium chloride.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.363-377
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• 2016

This study was investigated the pollutant load, contamination properties, pollution condition of the fine parts of tributary, the influence of Nakdong river watershed and etc. in the tributaries. The contaminated tributaries were that among the Kumho and Nam river or were too far from site of water quality monitoring stations, regularly. As a result, the water quality level was almost similar between Nam and Kumho River, except for certain parameter including TN(Total Nitrogen), Chl-a(Chlorophyll-a) and SS(Suspended Solid) in which Kumho river were 20~120%. The point discharge load(kg/day) and load density ($kg/day/km^2$) of tributaries were different the pollution level according to the flow-rate ($m^3/sec$) and stream influence area($km^2$), and the difference of these was observed highly at Nam river. Specific contamination investigation of tributaries in Nam and Kumho river watershed was conducted from two to nine points of the fine parts of tributaries depending on the confluence sites and shapes. This result observed high at the Dalseocheon and Uriyeongcheon, respectively. Beside, the pollutant load contribution rate of Nakdong watershed was high about 10% at the Dalseocheon and Uiryeongcheon. This was due to the differences of the environments about the industrial complex, metropolis residence property, agricultural cultivation, livestock pen and the downstream of non-point source.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.70-83
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• 2013

To widen prospect of villa as Korea traditional garden, the result of the research about constructional characteristics of Seogo-jeongsa and Sameun-jeong of Yeoju Lee family at Toero-ri, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, is abstracted as below. Seogo-jeongsa(西皐精舍) and Sameun-jeong(三隱亭) was intended to practise retirement with sense of unity with the head residence, since Seogo-jeongsa was 340m far and sameun-jeong was 630m far away from head residence, which set within 1km. Although Seogo-jeongsa's basic prop, Sameun-jeong's timber, which are both from designer's pen name and head residence name, "Hangjae(恒齋)" and "Yongjae(庸齋)," and Hanseoam have each different exposure, it is homogeneous as space configurational side in order to optimize the gaze leading effect and appreciated domestic trees from the pond, which is center of the garden and the significant facility. Method of direction of Seogo-jeongsa's Hwalsudang(活水塘) and Sameunjeong's pond of Sameun-ji(三隱 池) gets attention by distinction. Especially, directing of 3 step water flow from behind to front and traditional pond method, called Bangji-Bangdo(方池方島), were very unique that any other place can be found. Also, the middle islet on the pond at both villa, which isn't more supper, but more for the symbolic molding that seek a stone pagoda(石假山), is more interesting directing method as considering the relationship of the 3 stone pagoda imageries on the surface of Ghwayukchon(果肉泉) At the same time, Seogo-jeongsa and Sameun-jeong shows very different characteristics from traditional villa that adopted both domestic trees and foreign trees. Particularly, it is extremely exceptional case to plant vigorous needleleaf tree, such as Chamaecyparis pisifera, C. obtusa, Pinus bungeana, P. palustris, Sciadopitys verticillata, Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Cedrus deodara, on Sameun-jeong. Moreover, adopting foreign wild needleleaf trees for landscaping trees, such as a Torreya nucifera, Taxus cuspidata, P. parviflora, and foreign landsacping trees, such as P. bungeana, Cryptomeria japonica and C. obtusa tells planting trend of the late Joseon dysnasty era. Also, as we can know from 2 Jipgyeong(集景), which is 'Seogo-jabyoung 17 young(西皐雜詠十七詠)', and 'Sameun-jeong 12 Gyoung(三隱亭十二景)' which are set on both villa, the intend to expand the garden area is strongly shown by the natural forest directing. As a result, Seogo-jeongsa and Sameun-jeong, located at Toero-li Miryang, are sharing the traditional Joseon dynasty era's custom, such as space and visual composition; however, it is different and attractive garden remains as a point of view of water directing, stone pagodas, and adopting foreign landscaping trees.