• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 1999

The most part of the faculty drop a trouble and damage of machine equipment even if whatever cause they break out take place at local and trifling place and the factor dominating their trouble is due to wear debris occurred in the lubricated machine moving surface. This study has been car-ried out to identify morphology of wear debris on the lubricated machine moving system by means of computer image analysis. Namely the wear debris contained in lubricating oil extracted from movable machine equipment will be filtered through membrane filter(void diameter 0.45${\mu}m$) and will be analyzed with its data information such as 50% volume diameter aspect roundness and reflectivity. Morphological characteristic of wear debris is easily distinguished by four shape parameters it is necessary to divide small class of every 100 wear debris in total wear particles in order to distinguish morphological characteristic of wear debris more easily by computer image analysis. We are sure that operation condition diagnosis of the lubricated machine moving surfaces is possible by computer image analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.193-199
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• 2002

Analyzing working conditions with shape characteristics of wear debris in a lubricated machine, it can be effect on diagnosis of hydraulic machining system. And it can be recognized that results are processed threshold images of wear debris. But, in order to predict and estimate a working condition of lubricated machine, it is need to analysis a shape characteristic of wear debris and to identify. Therefor, If shape characteristics of wear debris are identified by computer image analysis and the neural network, it is possible to find the cause and effect of wear condition. In this stud)r, wear debris in the lubricant oil are extracted by membrane filter $(0.45{\mu}m)$, and the quantitative value of shape characteristic of wear debris are calculated by the digital image processing. This morphological information are studied and identified by tile artificial neural network. The purpose of this study is to apply morphological characteristic of wear debris to prediction and estimation of working condition in hydraulic machining systems.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.24-30
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• 1995

This paper was undertaken to recognize the pattern of the wear debris by neural network as a link for the development of diagnosis system for movable condition of the lubricated machine surface. The wear test was carried out under different experimental conditions using the wear test device was made in laboratory and wear testing specimen of the pin-on-disk type were rubbed in paraffine series base oil, by varying applied load, sliding distance and mating material. The neural network has been used to pattern recognition of four parameter (diameter, elongation, complex and contrast) of the wear debris and learned the friction condition of five values (material 3, applied load 1, sliding distance 1). The three kinds of the wear debris had a different pattern characteristic and recognized the friction condition and materials very well by the neural network. The characteristic parameter of the large wear debris over a few micron size enlarged recognition ability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.53-58
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• 2001

Fractal dimension is the method to measure the roughness and the irregularity of something that cannot be defined obviously by Euclidean dimension. And the analysis method of this dimension don't need perfect, accurate boundary and color like analysis lot diameter, perimeter, aspect or reflectivity of wear particles or surface. If we arranged the morphological characteristic of various wear particle by using the characteristic of fractal dimension, it might be very efficient to the diagnosis of driving condition. In order to describe morphology of various wear particle, the wear test was carried out under friction experimental conditions. And fractal descriptors was applied to boundary and surface of wear particle with image processing system. These descriptors to analyze shape and surface wear particle are boundary fractal dimension and surface fractal dimension.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.83-90
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• 1998

The morphologies of the wear debris are directly indicative of wear processes occuring in machinery and their severity. The neural network was applied to identify friction condition from the lubricated moving system. The four parameter(50% volumetric diameter, aspect, roundness and reflectivity) of wear debris are used as inputs to the network and learned the friction coefficient. It is shown that identification results depend on the ranges of these shape parameter learned. The three kinds of the wear debris had a different pattern characteristic and recognized the friction condition and materials very well by neural network. We dicuss between the characteristic of wear debris and the friction coefficient and how the network determines difference in wear debris feature.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.278-282
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• 2010

In this research, the friction and wear characteristic behaviors of coating materials of TiAlN and CrAlN were investigated. The wear test was conducted in air and un-lubricated state using the reciprocating friction wear tester. Temperature were 50 and $120^{\circ}C$, and load were 3, 7, and 11 kgf for tests. By comparing the coefficient of friction and observing the wear microstructure, the friction and wear characteristic behaviors of TiAlN and CrAlN coating layers on SKD61 were investigated. The coefficient of friction of CrAlN coating was lower than that of TiAlN at all conditions. Therefore, CrAlN was suggested to be more advantageous coating than TiAlN for the extrusion mold of aluminum.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Design patent is a type of industrial design right that is granted on the ornamental design of a functional item. We analyzed domestic design patents that were applied from 1965 until 2008, to the field of functional clothing. Since the year 2000 the number of design patents of functional clothing progressively increased. Design patents applied to the functional clothing field includes sport wear (47%), working clothes (34%), and leisure wear (19%). Design development of the sports wear from the latter half of 1990's has shown a continuously increasing tendency. The most patent applications belonged to the companies(51.4%), followed by individual applicants (46.6%), and the universities or laboratories had the least number of applications (2.0%). In case of working clothes or the leisure wear, the number of design applications focusing on the functional characteristic is higher than that of aesthetic characteristic, however, the number of design applications focusing on the aesthetic characteristic is higher in sportswear.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1115-1120
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• 2005

characteristic of wear between wheel and rail is important factor of judgement to maintenance. KHST is optimized on an exclusive rail, UIC60. but also KHST is running on the variety existing line as well as KS50N, KS60 et,c. Hail profile of KS50N is dissimilar to DIC60. So we can predict that characteristic of wear is embodied also different. In this paper. we deduced the force and point of contact position between wheel and rail through multi-dynamics analysis and predicted wear of wheel and rail through contact problem analysis. we used simplified theory of kallker on contact problem, and Predicted the wear phenomenon of wheel using archard wear equation about each condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.44
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• pp.37-56
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• 1999

In clothing, a tendency of Bisexuality is in case of wearing clothing of the opposite sex, the mixing of modeling principle and characteristic of man and woman, the exclusion characteristic of sexuality that present sexlessness-the third sex. They-Designer Gabrielle Chanel, YSL, Giorgio Armani-give characteristic of man's fashion to women's fashion. However, the consciousness in design is different. Chanel apply principle of man's suit to woman's wear to express authority and power about gender image, hereby she express women liberation and equality of man and woman based on social ideology through fashion especially, she express women's sexual independency and self assurance to her clothing. YSL express liberal and bold women that pursuit reasonal and liberal life in 1970. As he apply tailoed suit's rigidity to women's wear, he made 'pants look' universal in women's wear through“Dress for success”in modern life. Armani apply successful modern image to women's wear, so he express women's image of confident intellegent as well as feminine image. He focus women's new image as man living liberal and indivisual life excluding social category rather than will of equality of man and women. Gernreich break sexual prejudice and release women freely, furthermore, as he express concern of sexuality pursuit liberty of mankind surpassing sex distinction with women liberty. Gianni Versace pursuit mix and extinguishment of sexual image many-sided, and break fixed idea of sex, and reprovide feminine and masculine image. So his design tend homosexuality because he regard women's glamor and ostensible sexuality as standard of beauty, he apply this to man's wear as well as women's wear. With this, he expresses sensitive and liberal man's that break characteristic of Gender that symbolize power and authority in man's wear through 'Without ties'.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1761-1765
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• 2008

In the braking of a railroad car, mechanical brake systems using wheel tread and brake disk are applied as well as electrical brake systems by regenerator and rheostat. It is very important to consider the frictional characteristic because kinetic energy of the vehicle is dissipated as converted thermal energy through friction between disk and brake pad during disk braking. A friction coefficient and wear characteristic are decided from the interrelationship of disk and friction material in the disk brake system. Lab-scale dynamometer test on developed brake disk materials for increasing heat resistance was performed in this study. Each candidate material was tested at various braking speeds and pressures and we obtained the friction coefficient and wear characteristic. And we executed comparative evaluation of the result from the test.