• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1986

It is an experimental report about optimum window-width on radionuclides $^{99m}Tc$ and $^{131}I$ and obtained results as follows; 1. In case of $^{99m}Tc$, a) The difference of counting rate in each window-width is greater at the below 20% window than above 20% window-width. b) BKG counting is proportionated to the window-width. 2. In case of $^{131}I$, a) The counting rate increased according to the window-width but the increasing course is not equal in all window. The difference of counting rate is greater at the below of 20% window-width than above 20% window. b) BKG counting is proportionated to the window-width.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 1984

It is a esperimental report to investigation for optimum window-width on radionuclides $^{131}I\;and\;^{198}Au$ The obtained results were as follow; 1. In case of $^{131}I$, 1) The lowest counts produced at the window-width of 10KeV and 20KeV. 2) The count rate, more increased, when the window-width more opened, but the counting efficiency is very good between 70KeV and 130KeV window-width (19.23% -35.71% about the peak energy). 3) The heighest counting rate per KeV of window appeared at 130KeV window-width. 4) BKG counts increased proportionally to the wider window as 5.473 + 0.016 cpm. 2. In case of $^{198}Au$ 1) The lowest counts appeared at 10KeV and 20KeV window. 2) Count rate more increased, when window-width more opened, but the counting efficiency is very good between 80KeV and 140KeV window (19.46% - 34.06% about the peak energy). 3) The highest counting rate per KeV of the window appeared at 140KeV window. 4) BKG counts increased proportionally to the wider window-width as 4.74 + 1.09 cpm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.331-334
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• 2003

마이크로 어레이(microarray)실험에서 표준화(normalization)는 유전자의 발현수준에 영향을 미치는 여러 기술적인 변인을 제거하는 과정이다. cDNA microarray normalization에 있어 여러 방법이 제안되었지만, 이중 print-tip 효과가 존재할 때 사용되는 방법으로 print-tip lowess normalization이 대표적으로 사용된다. normalization에 사용되는 lowess 함수는 데이터의 특성에 따라 window width를 정해야만 연구의 목적에 맞는 결과를 도출할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 각각의 tip에서 최적의 window width를 계산하는 절차를 논의하였다. 또한 이의 결과와 기존의 같은 window width를 사용하는 print-tip lowess normalization 결과와 비교 평가하여 normalization의 기본 원칙에 대한 타당성을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.655-656
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• 2008

There are trade-offs between a window size and an issue width for superscalar processors. A good balance between them prevents waste of system resources. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a superscalar processor with various sizes of window and issue width. From the experiments, we find that there is a linear relationship between window size and issue width.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.49-53
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• 1987

This thesis compared and analyzed the characteristics, centered on a characteristic curve, about X-ray computerized tomographic film generally used in Korea recently. The results were as follows: 1. Maximum gradient (gamma) was film A-2.19, film B-2.00, film C-1.92. 2. Latitude was confined within the limits of density 0.6-2.0 in all. 3. When we changed window center from 0 to 40, the difference of density, which was in 1.0, was film A-0.12, film B-0.16, fil m C-0.14. 4. When we changed window width from 0 to 500, the difference of density, which was in 1.0, was film A-0.06, film B-0.08, film C-0.05. 5. In the case of window width 50 and window center 20, latitude was 0.5-2.0, 0.5-2.2, 0.5-1.9 and gamma value was 1.74, 1.82, 1.72 respectively, 6. In the case of window width 80 and window center 30, latitude was 0.6-2.2, 0.6-2.3, 0.8-2.2 and gamma value was 2.0, 2.13, 1.95 respectively.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2009

The effect of austenitizing temperature and time on the processing window of 3.60wt%C - 2.50wt%Si - 0.80wt%Cu ductile cast iron and that of the amount of copper added were investigated. The second stage reaction at 400oC was retarded with increased austenitizing temperature. The widest processing window was obtained at the lower austempering temperature with the increased time at the same austenitizing temperature. The width of the widest processing window was decreased with the increase of time at the same austenitizing temperature. The width of processing window was increased with the increased amount of copper added.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.41-46
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• 2007

The lightshelf system, a horizontal shading and light redirect device, should improve the visual environment by optimal light distributions and intense illumination levels of a interior. This study aims to evaluate the daylighting performance of window integrated lightshelf systems by computer simulations. For the study, the standard office plan is analyzed through the field surveys. And then, the various lightshelf types attached window systems are picked out from existed research results. The max, minimum and average illuminance levels of interiors and illuminance distributions are evaluated by Lightsacpe 3.2 programs based on the installing height, shape type and moving angle of lightshelfs. As results, it is suggested that the optimum lightshelf shapes are the height 1.8m and the width 600mm. Also, in mixed lightshelf, the outside width 600mm, inside width 400 are efficient on indoor daylighting performance.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.635-640
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• 2010

This study is suggested tilt window type to be restrained solar radiation through vertical window type in buildings. The shading and aesthetical effect of buildings would be solved by installation of tilt window type. For investigate optimum an angle of tilt window and building azimuth in reference region, the distance of transmitted solar radiation is calculated. The results of calculation showed optimum an angle of tilt window is obtained $7^{\circ}$ that the distance of transmitted solar radiation is 20% of 1.5m of balcony width. In case of an tilt window angle of $7^{\circ}$, the optimum building azimuth is showed $SW15^{\circ}{\sim}SE15$.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.1075-1080
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• 2006

Purpose of this study is proposal of estimating method about window thermal performance that based on KS F 2278 'Test method of thermal resistance for windows and doors' due to material composition of PVC frame window. First step of this study is research of present state about material composition of PVC frame window. Second is selection of main effective elements about window thermal resistance. For example, composition of Glazing, Frame area ratio of total window area, frame width, opening type, area of heat transfer and so on. Third is multiple regression analysis about thermal performance of PVC frame window due to main effective elements. It produces equations of multiple regression analysis due to opening type. Case of sliding window is $Y=0.149+0.034X_g+0.248X_{far}$, 4track sliding is $Y=0.584+0.175X_g+1.355X_{far}-0.008X_{fw}$, Tilt & Turn window is $Y=-0.161+0.076X_g+0.576X_{far}+0.0008X_{fw}$.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.29-39
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• 2012

Window and shading designs have a great influence on energy consumption and daylighting in buildings. As far as energy is concerned, small window area is advantageous. But it is not good to the patient healing in hospital. So it is important to find out the optimum window shape which is favorable for both energy consumption and patient healing. In this study, annual energy consumption and daylight illumination levels were analyzed according to the window shapes and shading devices for a multi-beded patient room in hospitals. The simulations were conducted for 19 different cases by COMFEN 4.0 computer simulation program. The results of this paper are as follows. First, window to wall area ratio and shading devices have great influences on annual energy consumption. But it is a problem in that they decrease significantly daylight level in bed room. Second, considering the same energy consumption, reducing the width of window rather than the hight of window is desirable for the secure of daylight level. Third, increase of the number of horizontal shade is not desirable in south face of the building for the energy consumption and daylight level. Fourth, sun shade is not necessary in north face of the building for the energy consumption and daylight level.