• Title/Summary/Keyword: Yi Sun-sin

Search Result 44, Processing Time 0.025 seconds

Dreams of Admiral Yi Sun-sin (1545-1598) in Nanjung Ilgi (Diary in War Time) and Some Aspects of His Personality: From Jungian Viewpoint (≪난중일기≫에서 본 이순신의 꿈과 인격의 몇 가지 측면: 분석심리학적 입장에서)

  • Bou-Yong Rhi
    • Sim-seong Yeon-gu
    • /
    • v.37 no.2
    • /
    • pp.99-148
    • /
    • 2022
  • This study aims at the psychological elucidation of some conscious aspects of the personality of Yi Sun-sin (1545-1598), the Korean national hero, and the unconscious teleologic meanings of his dreams mentioned in Nanjung Ilgi (Diary in War Time) from the viewpoint of analytical psychology of C.G. Jung. Yi Sun-sin was a man of discipline, incorporated with the spirit of Confucian filial piety, hyo (hsiao) and royalty, chung. He was a stern man but with a warm heart. In his diary, Yi Sun-sin poured forth his feelings of suffering, despair, and extreme solicitude caused by slanders of his political opponents, his grief for the loss of mother and son, and his worries about the fate of his country, which the Japanese invaders now plundered. The moon night offered him the opportunity to touch with his inner soul, by reciting poems, playing Korean string, 'Keomungo', and flute. Further, he widened his scope by asking for the answers from the 'Heaven' through divination and dream. Yi Sun-sin's attitude toward his mother who raised the future hero and maternal principles were considered in concern with the Jungian term 'mother complex'. Won Gyun, Yi Sun-sin's rival admiral, who persistently accused Yi Sun-sin of 'slanders,' certainly represents the unconscious shadow image of Yi Sun-sin. The reciprocal 'shadow' projection has intervened in the conflicting relationship between Yi and Won. In concern to the argument for the suicidal death of Yi Sun-sin, the author found no evidence supporting such an argument, No trace of latent suicidal wish was found in his dreams. For Yi Sun-sin, the determination of the life and death depends on Heaven. 32 dreams from the diary and 3 from other historical references were reviewed and analyzed in the Jungian way. Symbols of anima, Self, and individuation process were found. His dream repeatedly suggests that Yi Sun-sin is an extraordinary man chosen by the divine man (神人). In the dream, Yi Sun-sin was a disciple of the divine man receiving instructions on various strategies, and he alone could see the great thing or events. The dream of a beautiful blue and red dragon, whom he was friendly touching, indicates Yi Sun-sin's eligibility for the kingship. Yi Sun-sin seemingly did not aware of this message of the unconscious. Perhaps he sensed something special but did not identify with 'the disciple of gods' and 'royal dragon' in his dream. His modest attitude toward the dream has prevented him from falling into ego inflation. There were warning signals in two dreams that suggested disorders in the dreamer's instinctive feminine drive. Spirits of the dead father and brothers appear in the dream, giving advice or mourning for the death of Sun-sin's mother. Though Yi Sun-sin was a genuine Confucian gentleman, a dream revealed his unconscious drive to destroy the Confucian authoritative 'Persona' by trampling down the cylindrical traditional Korean hat. To the dreams of synchronicity phenomena Yi Sun-sin immediately solves the problem in concrete reality. He understood dreams as valuable messages from the superior entity, for example, the Confucian Heaven (天) or Heaven's Decree (天命). Furthermore, the 'Heaven' presumably arranged for him the way to the national hero and imposed necessary trials upon him. Both his persecutors and advocates of him guided him in the way of a hero. Yi Sun-sin followed his destiny and completed the living myth of the hero. His mother, King Seon-jo, and prime minister Liu Seong Yong, all have contributed to embodying the myth of the hero. Yi Sun-sin died and became god, the divine healer of the nation.

Material Properties and Conservation of Imjin Jangcho (Drafts of Imjin War Reports of Admiral Yi Sun-sin) of the 76th National Treasure of South Korea (국보 제76호 임진장초(壬辰狀草)의 지질분석과 보존처리)

  • Jeong, Seon-hwa;Shin, Hyo-young;Hong, Sun-cheon;Song, Jeong-won
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
    • /
    • v.47 no.4
    • /
    • pp.106-119
    • /
    • 2014
  • The $76^{th}$ National Treasure is consisted of seven volumes of Nanjung Ilgi (War Diary of Admiral Yi Sun-sin; each titled by the author based on the zodiac name of the year covered, i.e. Imjin Ilgi, Gyesa Ilgi, Gabo Ilgi, Byeongsin Ilgi, Jeongyu Ilgi, Sok Jeongyu Ilgi, Musul Ilgi), Seogancheob (Letters of Admiral Yi) and Imjin Jangcho (Drafts of Imjin War Reports of Admiral Yi). These are currently in the custody of Hyeonchungsa shrine, the state-managed memorial shrine of Admiral Yi, and has been added to UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in June 2013 in the appreciation of its historical and academic importance as a commander's hand-written battlefield accounts during Japanese invasions of Korea. Imjin Jangcho, among these nine volumes, is a record of battles, including observations on the enemy fleets, suggestions on naval matters, battle expenditure, and methods of battle preparation, transcribed by someone else according to Admiral Yi's instructions. It is Admiral Yi's honest detailobservations on the war situation during Japanese invasions of Korea from 1592 as a Naval Commander of Left Jeolla Province, till 1594 (Year 27 of King Seonjo's reign) as a Commander-in-Chief of the Naval Forces of the South. It is a draft of the war report to be submitted to the King in a single volume as a folio (each sheet folded once to produce one leaf) bound in a side-stitched binding with five holes and inner binding of twisted paper. This study explores the condition and the treatment performed on Imjin Jangcho which could have an implication for the conservation of cultural assets on paper of late Joseon Dynasty.

Comparison of Bulcheonwijerye Food Cultures in Shrines of Admiral Yi Sun-sin (충무공 이순신장군 사당의 불천위제례음식문화 비교 - 아산현충사고택·통영착량묘·남해충렬사 -)

  • Park, Mi-Yeon;Kang, Min-Kyung;Cho, Myung-Hee;Choi, Seo-Yul;Park, Pil-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
    • /
    • v.27 no.6
    • /
    • pp.598-606
    • /
    • 2012
  • The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze the differences in Jinseol (ritual table-setting) and Jesu (ritual food) from the cultural perspective of ancestral ritual formalities regarding Bulcheonwijerye of Admiral Yi Sun-Sin, which is being held in Asan-hyeonchungsa shrine, Tongyeong-changnyangmyo and Namhae-chungyeolsa. The results are summarized as follows. A total of 32 types of Jemul (ritual food) in 6 rows in Asan-hyeonchungsa shrine, a total of 30 types of jemul in 6 rows in Tongyeong-changnyangmyo, and a total of 12 types of jemul in 2 rows in Namhae-chungyeolsa were prepared for the ritual table. In the Asan-hyeonchungsa shrine and Tongyeong-changnyangmyo, cooked foods have been used for jesu, whereas raw, uncooked foods have been used for jesu in Namhae-chungyeolsa. In the Asan-hyeonchungsa shrine, Gaeng (Kook) for liquid soup of Tang (stew) and Tang (5-tang) for the solid ingredient of stew have been prepared for a ritual table. In Tongyeong-changnyangmyo, fish Kook for Gaeng and So-tang (tofu stew) for Tang have been prepared for the ritual table. In Asan-hyeonchungsa shrine, Yukjeok (beef slices broiled on a skewer), Gyejeok (chicken jeok) and Eojeok (fish jeok) have been stacked together as Dojeok on a ritual table whereas in Tongyeong-changnyangmyo, Yukjeok, Sojeok and Eojeok have been placed on the ritual table as Pyunjeok (one by one). In Namhae- chungyeolsa, raw pork meat has been placed on the ritual table. As Po (a dried meat or fish), dried fish and dried seafood have been used in Tongyeong-changnyangmyo, whereas raw beef meat has been used in Namhae-chungyeolsa. Although Namul (cooked vegetables) and Mulkimchi (watery plain kimchi) are placed on ritual table for Asan-hyeonchungsa shrine, only Namul and Saengchae (raw vegetables) is used in Tongyeong-changnyangmyo and Namhae-chungyeolsa, respectively. Bulcheonwijerye for the same person, Admiral Yi Sun-Sin, has different characteristics according to the shrines. Accordingly, there is a need to preserve and succeed bulcheonwijerye of Admiral Yi because it is a traditional culture in ancestral rituals.

The Design and Construction of the Anchorage of Yi Sun-Sin Grand Bridge (이순신대교 앵커리지 설계-시공사례)

  • An, Ik-Kyun;Kim, Kyung-Taek;Seo, Young-Hwa
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
    • /
    • 2010.03a
    • /
    • pp.14-25
    • /
    • 2010
  • The Yi Sun-Sin grand bridge is the suspension bridge which connects Myodo and Gwangyang. It is over the main navigation channel of Gwangyang Harbor. South anchorage(AN1, Myodo side) of the bridge is designed as rock anchored type. It sustains using the resistance of the underground rock's mass in Myodo. As this type of anchorage can minimize the exposure of the structure, It is economically efficient and environmentally friendly. North anchorage (AN2, Gwangyang side) is designed as the gravity type. This anchorage is 68 meters in diameter and use its own weight to support. Instead of normal rectangular diaphragm wall, the circular shape diaphragm wall is adopted to the north anchorage. It doesn't need to use internal temporary facilities, so it can significantly improve the constructability of the structure.

  • PDF

A Case Analysis of Development Native Food Brand Admiral Yi, Sun-sin using Placeness (장소성을 이용한 충무공이순신 향토음식브랜드개발 사례분석)

  • Choi, Souk
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
    • /
    • v.12 no.11
    • /
    • pp.422-431
    • /
    • 2012
  • In the era of cultural contents, developing diverse materials is very useful in providing abundant contents of the cultural industry. Among diverse materials, systematizing and specializing materials that have been verified historically and culturally, and linking them with other fields are creating more possibilities. This study is a contemplation on useful methods that expand the range and characteristic by linking with the food culture, based on the placeness that comes from historical facts possessed by the figure. As for the range of the place, the focus was put on the places that are related to Admiral Yi, Sun-sin historically and culturally, and regions that attempted native foods development were selected. Therefore, this study attempted to establish regional identities and contribute to setting effective directions for developing and vitalizing native food brands, by expanding the category of the contents of the historical figure who represents the region.

Analysis of Weather Records in Admiral Yi Sun-sin's Nanjung Ilgi (이순신장군의 난중일기에 기록된 기상자료의 분석)

  • Suh, Myoung-Seok;Cha, So-Yeong
    • Atmosphere
    • /
    • v.31 no.5
    • /
    • pp.539-551
    • /
    • 2021
  • In this paper, the weather records in 'Nanjung Ilgi' were investigated and the weather characteristics of the southern coast of Korea (SC_Korea) was discussed. The Nanjung Ilgi is a personal diary written by admiral Yi Sun-sin from January 1592 to November 1598 during the 7-year war caused by the Japanese invasion. He is a respected great leader in the history of world naval warfare, winning all 23 battles against the Japanese. Of the 1593 days of diaries currently preserved, only 42 days have no weather records. Weather was recorded in detail, including sky conditions, precipitation, wind characteristics and others. Weather records were extracted from the diary, converted to the solar calendar, and compared with the meteorological data of Yeosu. The average annual precipitation day is about 90 days, which is similar to the current 95~100 days. As in the current climate, precipitation frequently occurs for about 30 days in summer, but less than 15 days in other seasons, and the rainy season starts from June 14 to 21 and ends from July 6 to 17. It seems that the abnormal cold and heat phenomena, which deviate significantly from the seasonal average climate, occurred on 6 and 21 days, respectively, over 7 years. This means that the weather records of Nanjung Ilgi can be used as valuable data on the climate of SC_Korea in the late 16th century. The fact that he recorded the weather even in such extreme battle conditions shows that he clearly recognized the importance of weather in warfare.

Identification and Removal of Pigments in Blood-colored Grooves of Long Sword, Admiral Yi Sun-sin (Treasure No. 326) (보물 제326호 이순신 장검 혈조 내 안료의 규명 및 제거)

  • Kwon, Hyuk Nam;Youn, Hye Seong;Ryu, Dong Wan;Lee, Jeong Won;Lee, Jang Jon;Han, Min Soo
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.31 no.4
    • /
    • pp.499-506
    • /
    • 2015
  • The artifacts of Admiral Yi Sun-sin (Treasure No.326) consist of six items with two long swords, a jade decoration, a belt and two peach-shaped cups. In commemoration of the opening of Chungmugong Yi sun-sin Memorial Museum (April 28, 2011), there were conservation treatments for those artifacts at the beginning of 2011. At that time, from the result of non-destructive surface analysis on pigments in blood-colored grooves of the two long swords, it was presumed to be synthetic resin paints. This study shows the accurate identification on pigments which was presumed as synthetic resin paints and its removal. To identify pigments in blood-colored grooves, the optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, Micro-XRF, XRD and FT-IR were used for the analysis. The results turned out that the thickness of $10{\sim}90{\mu}m$ in a single layer was measured. And major components containing Pb and Cr and lead chromium molybdenum oxide were identified and to identify components of adhesives from the analysis by FT-IR, it turned out to be alkyd resin, which can be presumed that they were recently colored with synthetic paints. The synthetic paints easily react with most of the organic solvents. And it is so easy to handle without the effect on metal that it was removed with acetone. While removing synthetic paints, all of paints on it were collected for identifying whether there is traditional pigment but nothing was identified.

Investigation of Paper Characteristics on Old Documents Related to the Head Family of Admiral Yi Sun-sin (이충무공 종가 관련 고문서의 지질 특성 조사)

  • Ahn, Ji Yoon;Bae, Su Bin
    • Journal of Conservation Science
    • /
    • v.34 no.5
    • /
    • pp.407-420
    • /
    • 2018
  • Old documents related to the head family of admiral Yi Sun-shin have been preserved by the descendants of Deoksu Yi clan and various kinds of documents have remained even today. Seven documents issued by the king,"Goshin Gyoji", "Jeunggik Gyoji", "Gyochub", "Gyoseo", "Yuseo", "Hongpae", and "Chikmyung", showed the time when they were made. Because they have been kept in their original form, these documents make it possible to identify the characteristics of the paper used to create documents during that time and to compare the records in those documents with other cultural properties based on scientific investigation and analysis of conservation treatment processing. The characteristics of Oebal-tteugi(Heulim-tteugi) in the papermaking process were identified through the shape of the surface fibers, and Dochim processing was found in most of the old documents with the help of density measurement and paper surface analysis. All the papers were found to be made of paper mulberry, and bast fibers of mature mulberry were mainly used for the process.

Bibliographic Study on 『ChungMinKongKeicho (忠愍公啓草)』 by YI Sun-sin (이순신의 『충민공계초(忠愍公啓草)』에 대한 서지적 고찰)

  • Ro, Seung-Suk
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
    • /
    • v.49 no.2
    • /
    • pp.4-19
    • /
    • 2016
  • Jangkei(狀啓) made to the Royal Court by Yi Sun-sin during the Japanese invasions of Korea is handed down under the names of Jangcho(狀草), Keicho(啓草), Keibon(啓本) and others depending on copying patterns of those times and later times as it was copied out by a third person. In particular, "YimjinJangcho(壬辰狀草)" which Yi drew up during his service as the director of the naval forces in Jeolla Jwasooyeong is known as the most popular Jangkei. "ChungMinKongKeicho" which has been re-located recently after loss is a national treasure level cultural property as valuable as "YimjinJangcho" and should be treated as a model of Yi Sun-sin's other Jangkeis by next generations. As of now, however it is not confirmed if it is a totally new book related to Yi Sun-sin or is supplementary to the lost Jangkei, this study decided to ascertain relevant information through a bibliographic discussion on the question. "Chungmin(忠愍)" was the title that was used after the death of Yi Sun-sin, and "ChungMinKongKeicho" was completed when Jangkei was copied in 1662. 12 books that would not be found in YimjinJangcho are included in the book and such books are also present in the Jangkei supplement which has been known lost so far. What should be especially focused on here is that the forms and contents of these (11) photographs that Japanese shot from "ChungMinKongKeicho" in 1928 turned out to be completely identical to those of the original copy. The point that Korean History Compilation Committee added the 12 books to Jangkei as referring to the book as "One Keicho(啓草) partially copied(抄寫) in separation" and that Cho Sung-do categorized the 12 books into a supplement and others can be solid proofs to make the Jangkei supplement called "ChungMinKongKeicho". In terms of "ChungMooKongKeicho", since it consists of 62 books in total, it is not reasonable to see the book as Jangkei supplement which has the extra 12 more books for itself. "ChungMooKongKeibon" in "ChungMooKongYusa" was written with a total of 16 books. In the body, Yidumun is only clearly present, and the three books in the later part are same with the original copy of "ChungMooKongKeicho". "YimjinJangcho" by Korean History Compilation Committee has been the only book in which Yidumun was observed so far but now, it is assumed that the publication date of "ChungMooKongKeibon" goes before that of the former. The counterargument to the opinion that "ChungMinKongKeicho" is the supplement to Jangkei is based on Lee Eun-sang's comment "One page of a log in the Jangkei copy supplement." At first Seol Ui-sik introduced a piece photo of the rough draft of "MoosulIlki" in a drawing form through "Nanjung Ilkicho by Yi Sun-sin" in 1953. Lee Eun-sang also added two pages of the handwritten Yilkicho in the Jangkeichobon supplement to "MoosulIlki" and for the second time, the phrase "One page of a log written during the last 10 days after the Jangkei copy supplement" and "Supplement" were used. Those views are originated from the comment "One photograph of the rough draft of "MoosulIlki"" which Seol Ui-sik introduced without knowledge of the exact source. Lee Eun-sang said, "One page of a log in the Jangkei copy supplement" because Lee mistook "ChungMooKongYusa" for a book related to Jangkei. Since it is the wrong argument different from the actual situation of the original copy, if it has to be corrected, it should be rephrased "One page of a log in ChungMooKongYusa." After all, the source of the counterargument is the mistake because there has never been the Jangkei supplement with one page of a log included. All the Jangkeis other than "YimjinJangcho" can be said as the Jangkei supplements but still, they are separated from the other Jangkeis for the extra 12 more books are present in the commonly-called Jangkei supplement. Due to that reason, the argument on how "ChungMinKongKeicho" with the 12 books added is the popular Jangkei supplement should be considered more reasonable.