• 제목/요약/키워드: Zinc acetate dihydrate

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C-축으로 정렬된 sol-gel ZnO 박막의 특성 (Characteristics of c-axis oriented sol-gel derived ZnO films)

  • 김상수;장기완;김인성;송호준;박일우;이건환;권식철
    • 한국결정성장학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 2001
  • sol-gel방법에 의해서 p-형 Si(100)웨이퍼와 ITO glass, quartz glass기판 위 ZnO박막을 형성시켰으며 출발 물질은 zinc acetate dihydrate를 사용하였다. Zinc acetate dihydrate를 2-methoxyethanol-monoethanolamine(MEA)용액에 녹여 :균질하고 안정된 용액을 만들었다. ZnO박막은 2800rpm에서 25초 동안 spin-coating하고 $250^{\circ}C$의 hot plate에서 10분 동안 중간 열처리한 후 이를 반복하여 형성시켰고 결정화를 위한 열처리는 $400^{\circ}C$~$800^{\circ}C$공기 분위기에서 1시간 동안 시행하였다. X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), UV-vis 투과 스펙트럼, IR 투과 스펙트럼, photoluminescence(PL)스펙트럼 등의 측정 결과로부터 박막의 구조적 특성과 광학적 성질에 대해서 논의하였다. 제조된 ZnO막은 (002)면으로 정렬되어 있으며 380nm파장에서 예리한 흡수단이 있고 가시광선 영역에서 투명(투과율 70% 이상)하였는데 이 흡수단은 ZnO의 밴드 갭(3.2eV)과 잘 일치한다. 저온에서의 띠끝 PL스펙트럼은 속박된 엑시톤 복합체와 포논 복제에 의한 다중선 구조를 보인다.

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Investigation of Low-Temperature Processed Amorphous ZnO TFTs Using a Sol-Gel Method

  • Chae, Seong Won;Yun, Ho Jin;Yang, Seung Dong;Jeong, Jun Kyo;Park, Jung Hyun;Kim, Yu Jeong;Kim, Hyo Jin;Lee, Ga-Won
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.155-158
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    • 2017
  • In this paper, ZnO Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) were fabricated by a sol-gel method using a low-temperature process, and their physical and electrical characteristics were analyzed. To lower the process temperature to $200^{\circ}C$, we used a zinc nitrate hydrate ($Zn(NO_3)_2{\cdot}xH_2O$) precursor. Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) analysis showed that the zinc nitrate hydrate precursor solution had 1.5% residual organics, much less than the 6.5% of zinc acetate dihydrate at $200^{\circ}C$. In the sol-gel method, organic materials in the precursor disrupt formation of a high-quality film, and high-temperature annealing is needed to remove the organic residuals, which implies that, by using zinc nitrate hydrate, ZnO devices can be fabricated at a much lower temperature. Using an X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and an X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer (XPS), $200^{\circ}C$ annealed ZnO film with zinc nitrate hydrate (ZnO (N)) was found to have an amorphous phase and much more oxygen vacancy ($V_o$) than Zn-O bonds. Despite no crystallinity, the ZnO (N) had conductance comparable to that of ZnO with zinc acetate dihydrate (ZnO (A)) annealed at $500^{\circ}C$ as in TFTs. These results show that sol-gel could be made a potent process for low-cost and flexible device applications by optimizing the precursors.

Effect of annealing temperature on amorphous indium zinc oxide thin films prepared by a sol-gel spin-coating method

  • Lee, Sang-Hyun;Lee, Seung-Yup;Park, Byung-Ok
    • 한국결정성장학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.15-18
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    • 2012
  • Transparent conductive indium zinc oxide thin films were prepared by spin-coating a sol-gel solution. Zinc acetate dihydrate [$Zn(CH_3COO)_2{\cdot}2H_2O$] and indium acetate [In$(CH_3COO)_3$] were used as starting precursors, and 2-methoxyethanol with 1-propanol as solvents. Upon annealing in a temperature range from 500 to $1000^{\circ}C$, the thin film crystallizes into polycrystalline $In_2O_3$(ZnO). The lowest electrical resistivity was obtained at an annealing temperature of $700^{\circ}C$ as $2{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$. Average optical transmittances were higher than 80% at all annealing temperatures. These experimental results confirm that the sol-gel spin-coating can be a good simplified practical method for forming transparent electrodes.

아연-공기 전지용 아세트산 아연 이수화물을 첨가한 고분자 전해질의 전기화학적 특성 (Electrochemical Properties of Gel Polymer Electrolyte including Zinc Acetate Dihydrate for Zinc-Air Batteries)

  • 김희서;이동윤;조용남
    • 한국재료학회지
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    • 제33권12호
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    • pp.550-557
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    • 2023
  • In zinc-air batteries, the gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is an important factor for improving performance. The rigid physical properties of polyvinyl alcohol reduce ionic conductivity, which degrades the performance of the batteries. Zinc acetate is an effective additive that can increase ionic conductivity by weakening the bonding structure of polyvinyl alcohol. In this study, polymer electrolytes were prepared by mixing polyvinyl alcohol and zinc acetate dihydride. The material properties of the prepared polymer electrolytes were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Also, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to calculate ionic conductivity. The electrolyte resistances of GPE, 0.2 GPE, 0.4 GPE, and 0.6 GPE were 0.394, 0.338, 0.290, and 0.213 Ω, respectively. In addition, 0.6 GPE delivered 0.023 S/cm high ionic conductivity. Among all of the polymer electrolytes tested, 0.6 GPE showed enhanced cycle life performance and the highest specific discharge capacity of 11.73 mAh/cm2 at 10 mA. These results verified that 0.6 GPE improves the performance of zinc-air batteries.

초음파 열분해법를 이용한 ZnO 성장 (Growth of ZnO Film by an Ultrasonic Pyrolysis)

  • 김길영;정연식;변동진;최원국
    • 한국세라믹학회지
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.245-250
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    • 2005
  • 단결정 사파이어 (0001) 기판 위에 저가의 초산아연(Zinc Acetate Dehydrate; ZAH) 전구체를 이용하여 초음파 열분해법과 Ar 가스를 이용한 ZnO 박막을 성장시켰다. Thermogravimetry-Differential Scanning Calorimetry(TG-DSC) 초산아연의 열분해 과정을 조사하여 $380^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 ZnO로 분해되는 것을 확인하였다. $380-700^{\circ}C$에서 증착된 ZnO 박막은 모두 ZnO (002), (101) 결정면으로 부터의 회절피크를 보여주고 있었으며, $400^{\circ}C$ 박막의 경우 c-압축 스트레인 ${\Sigma}Z=0.2\%$, 압축 응력 $\sigma=-0.907\;GPa$이 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 전자 현미경을 이용한 미세 구조의 관찰을 통하여 $380-600^{\circ}C$에서는 초산아연과 ZnO 초미세 입자가 혼합된 aggregate 형태의 결정립을 형성하고 있었으며, nanoblade 형태의 미세구조를 보였다. 한편 $700^{\circ}C$에서 증착된 박막내의 결정립은 찌그러진 육방정계의 형태를 취하고 있으며, 10-25nm 정도의 부결정림 초미세 ZnO 입자로 이루어져 있음을 알 수 있었다. 초미세 입자의 형성을 임의 핵형성 기구(random nucleation mechanism)로 설명하였고, photoluminescence(PL) 측정을 통하여 광 특성을 조사하였다.

Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nano Rods, Sheet and Flower at $80^{\circ}C$ by the Sol-gel Method

  • Wahab, Rizwan;Ansari, S.G.;Kim, Y.S.;Dar, M.A.;Shin, H.S.
    • 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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    • pp.676-677
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    • 2006
  • Synthesis of zinc oxide nanorods, sheets and flower like structure were done by the sol-gel method using zinc acetate dihydrate and sodium hydroxide at $80^{\circ}C$ with 12 hours refluxing time nanorods, in case of as synthesized powder, with diameter of 20-60nm. Annealing at higher temperature (300 and $500^{\circ}C$,) in air ambient changes the morphology to sheet and flower like structure. The standard peak of zinc oxide was observed in IR at $523cm^{-1}$. The UV-VIS spectroscopy of zinc oxide shows a characteristic peak at 375nm.

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Evaluation of Design of Experiments to Develop MOF-5 Adsorbent for Acetylene Capture

  • Min Hyung Lee;Sangmin Lee;Kye Sang Yoo
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제61권2호
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    • pp.322-327
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    • 2023
  • A design of experiments was evaluated in optimizing MOF-5 synthesis for acetylene adsorption. At first, mixture design was used to optimize precursor concentration, terephthalic acid, zinc acetate dihydrate and N,N-dimethylformamide. More specifically, 13 conditions with various molar ratios were designed by extreme vertices design method. After preparing the samples, XRD, N2 physisorption and SEM analysis were performed for their characterization. Moreover, acetylene adsorption experiments were carried out over the samples under identical conditions. The optimal precursor composition for MOF-5 synthesis was predicted on a molar basis as follows: terephthalic acid : acetate dihydrate : dimethylformamide = 0.1 : 0.4 : 0.5. Thereafter, multi-level factorial design was designated to investigate the effect of synthesis reaction conditions such as temperature, time and stirring speed. By the statistical analysis of 18 samples designed, 4 reaction parameters were determined for additional adsorption experiments. Therefore, MOF-5 prepared under the synthesis time and temperature of 100 ℃ and 12 h, respectively, showed the maximum adsorption capacity of 15.1 mmol/g.

실험계획법을 이용한 MOF-5 합성공정 최적화 연구 (A Study of the Optimization of the MOF-5 Synthesis Process using Design of Experiments)

  • 이민형;이상민;유계상
    • 공업화학
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.402-407
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    • 2022
  • 실험계획법을 이용하여 MOF-5 합성공정의 최적화에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 전구체의 농도를 최적화 하기 위하여 혼합물 설계법을 이용하였다. 합성에 사용되는 세 가지 전구체인 terephthalic acid, zinc acetate dihydrate, N,N-dimethylformamide의 농도비를 extreme vertices design methods로 최적화 하였다. MOF-5 합성을 위한 최적의 농도는 1 mol : 2.7 mol : 40 mol로 예측되었다. 이후, 온도, 시간 및 교반 속도와 같은 합성 반응 조건이 합성에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 다단계 요인 설계법을 사용하였다. 수행된 통계 분석에 따라 교반 속도는 후속 연구에서 제외되었다. 합성시간과 온도를 고려한 합성 공정 최적화는 중앙 조성 설계법을 이용하였다. 13번의 합성 실험을 통해 도출된 2차 모델 방정식을 이용하여 결과를 추정하였다. 설계에 사용된 모델에 의하면 119 ℃ 및 10.4 h 조건에서 합성된 MOF-5가 최대의 결정화도를 가지는 것으로 예측되었다.

초음파 방법을 이용한 ZnO 나노입자 합성 및 광촉매 특성 연구 (Sonochemical Synthesis and Photocatalytic Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles)

  • 김민선;김재욱;유정열;김종규
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제60권1호
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    • pp.34-38
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 zinc acetate dihydrate와 sodium hydroxide를 사용하여 ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs)을 합성하였다. 실험에 사용된 방법은 초음파 방법이다. 같은 농도의 각각 zinc acetate dihydrate와 sodium hydroxide를 de-ionized water에 넣고 30분간 교반 하였다. 이 과정에서 생성된 백색의 생성물은 교반 하면서 ultrasonic processor을 사용하여 각각 60분, 120분, 180분, 240분, 360분 처리하였다. 생성물들은 원심분리 후 남은 이온들을 제거하기 위하여 에탄올을 사용하여 여러 번 세척하고, 50 ℃에서 24시간 동안 건조하였다. 합성된 물질들의 결정성과 구조적 특성을 확인하기 위하여 X-ray diffraction spectroscopy(XRD)와 Field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)을 사용하였다. 광 촉매 효과는 오염물질 대신 Rhodamin-B를 사용하여 UV 조사하에 암실에서 실험하였다. 광 촉매 효과는 UV-vis spectrometer를 이용하여 확인하였다. XRD 결과 순수한 ZnO가 합성된 것을 확인 하였다. FE-SEM을 통하여 시간이 지남에 따라 구 형태에서 막대형태를 지나 꽃 형태로 변하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 광촉매 특성 결과 꽃 형태를 가진 ZnO NPs가 광 촉매 특성이 가장 우수한 것으로 확인 되었다.

Synthesis of Highly Concentrated ZnO Nanorod Sol by Sol-gel Method and their Applications for Inverted Organic Solar Cells

  • Kim, Solee;Kim, Young Chai;Oh, Seong-Geun
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제53권3호
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    • pp.350-356
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    • 2015
  • The effects of the zinc oxide (ZnO) preparing process on the performance of inverted organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) were explored. The morphology and size of ZnO nanoparticles were controlled, leading to more efficient charge collection from device and higher electron mobility compared with nanospheres. Nanosized ZnO particles were synthesized by using zinc acetate dihydrate and potassium hydroxide in methanol. Also, water was added into the reaction medium to control the morphology of ZnO nanocrystals from spherical particles to rods, and $NH_4OH$ was used to prevent the gelation of dispersion. Solution-processed ZnO thin films were deposited onto the ITO/glass substrate by using spin coating process and then ZnO films were used as an electron transport layer in inverted organic photovoltaic cells. The analyses were carried out by using TEM, FE-SEM, AFM, DLS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, current density-voltage characteristics and solar simulator.