• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2009

The goal of this study is to investigate the current conditions of apparels for the handicapped, identify the problems and recommend what are appropriate and functional apparels for the handicapped. The research method was to statistically process a survey on 200 handicapped by frequency analysis and cross tabulations. The study results are as follows. First, the degree of discomfort in daily activities was shown during toilet use and eating. Among clothes categories owned by the handicapped, most discomfort was felt in the order of everyday clothes, workout clothes, underwear, athletic shoes and working clothes. Second, children's clothing was most commonly preferred clothing style by handicap for the dwarfism. Comfortable clothes was preferred and relaxed, decent, and unique styles were preferred in the order. Soft feeling texture and absorbency was considered important as preferred clothing material. Third, sizes and designs were improvements wanted by the handicapped in apparel in the order. In addition, they wanted to wear apparel sensitive to the fashion just like the non-handicapped without showing the handicapped parts. There is a necessity for the government or municipalitiesto establish and run protected workplaces or independent workplaces for those who have studied apparel. The field is thought to require continuous and numerous follow-up studies such as researches on different physiques, standardization of apparel, segmentation of sizes and methods of producing custom apparel by function and handicap.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.116-122
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• 2003

The physicochemical properties of fungal chitosan at 95$^{\circ}C$ and 40$^{\circ}C$ acid treatment was as follows respectively. The nitrogen content was 6.71%, 6.91%, the viscosity 2.23cps, 2.21cps, the acetylation 12.0%, 12.7% and the molecular weight 3.12${\times}$10$\^$5/ Dalton, 3.01${\times}$10$\^$5/ Dalton. The absorbency band of reference, FCs-40 and FCs-95 in I.R. spectra was almost in accord with one another. In solid state NMR spectra, methyl group(-CH$_3$) was observed lightly. That means which deacetylation was well occurred. Carbonyl group(C=O) was not observed. C$_1$ to C$\_$6/ in solid state NMR was well observed seperately enough.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.139-153
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• 1999

The study was initiated to research on the school uniform preference, satisfaction according to demographic factors and clothing involvement. Data were administered to 513 adolescence in middle school student living in Sunchon. For analysis of the data, frequencies, percentage, means, standard deviation, ${\chi}^2$-test, one-way anova, and duncan's multiple range test were employed. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) school uniform satisfaction were shown to have the significant differences according to sex, father's occupation and education, income, the type of school. 2) school uniform preference were shown to have the significant differences according to sex, parent's education, father's occupation, income, social stratification, the type of school. 3) clothing involvement were shown to have the significant differences according to mother's education, income, social stratification. 4) school uniform preference were shown to have the significant differences according to level of clothing involvement. The higher was clothing involvement, the higher was preference to 'no static electricity', 'fashionable one' and 'one with fine air permeability and water absorbency' of school uniform.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.608-612
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• 2016

D-(+)-glucose (Glc) was added to the original Fricke polyvinyl alcohol-glutaraldehyde-xylenol orange (FPGX) hydrogel dosimeter system to make a more stable FPGX hydrogel three-dimensional dosimeter in this paper. Polyvinyl alcohol was used as a substrate, which was combined with Fricke solution. Various concentrations of Glc were tested with linear relevant fitting for optimal hydrogel production conditions. The effects of various formulations on the stability and sensitivity of dosimeters were evaluated. The results indicated that D-(+)-Glc, as a free radical scavenger, had a great effect on stabilizing the dose response related to absorbency and reducing the auto-oxidization of ferrous ions. A careful doping with Glc could slow down the color change of the dosimeter before and after radiation without any effect on the sensitivity of the dosimeter.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.10-22
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• 1995

Cellulosic fabrics, i.e. rayon, polynosic, and linen were treated with liquid ammonia at -33.4$^{\circ}C$. The fine structures, bending properties, tensile strength, wrinkle recoveries, and dyeing properties of the treated fabrics were studied. Dyeing was carried out with two direct dyes, C. I. Direct Red 2 and Blue 1. The liquid ammonia treatment for three fabrics brought about the transition of crystal lattices and the decrease of crystallinity; transforming cellulose I structure of original linen to cellulose I and III structure, and cellulose II structure of original rayon and polynosic to cellulose II and III structure. Moisture regain of liquid ammonia- treated polynosic and linen was higher than that for untreated, and water absorbency of liquid ammonia-traeated fabrics was all lower than that of untreated. Also, bending properties of treated fabrics were not improved compared with those of untreated ones. The rayon treated with liquid ammonia was increased not only the apparent diffusion coefficient and the rate of dyeing but also equilibrium dye adsortion, whereas polynosic and linen were increased only equilibrium dye adsortion. It is suggested that the pore sizes of liquid ammonia-treated rayon, polynosic, and linen are much smaller than that of liquid ammonia-treated cotton.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.344-354
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• 1998

This study was conducted to evaluate the MSPD and HPLC method about simultaneous determination for residual synthetic antimicrobials of sixteen species such as sulfonamide etc. in livestock products. Elution solvent used in HPLC was ethylacetate:acetonitrile (4:1), and mobile phases for solvent A and B were water:methanol:acetonit rile:phosphric acid (700:250:50:0.2) and 100% acetonitrile respectively. The detector and absorbency used in HPLC was UV 266 nm. This study showed the reduction effect of 99.1% for organic solvents, 94% for experimental steps, 95% for analytical time and manpower and 98.9% for costs compared with korea food standard method. The average recovery rates for chicken, bovine, pork and milk were 67.7% 96.2%, 67.7%~96.6%, 70.0%~96.2%, and 13.8%~97.8%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.527-536
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• 2017

This study investigated the detergency and functionality of laminating finished fabrics for outdoor wear based on repeated washing. Laminating finished fabrics were selected as the main fabrics for outdoor wear and used as test fabrics. The effects of outdoor exclusive detergent and normal neutral detergent were examined according to washing time, temperature, rpm and detergent concentration based on the use of a Terg-O-Tometer. Re-soiling of the test fabrics was measured by Florio-Mersereau. Permeability, water repellency, water resistance and absorbency were estimated to measure improvements and effects in regards to outdoor exclusive detergent in optimal washing conditions. The detergent effect of outdoor exclusive detergent was superior compared to normal neutral detergent. Re-soiling was lower with exclusive outdoor detergent than with normal neutral detergent. The measurement of functionality for laminating finished fabrics before and after washing indicated that functionality was decreased with repeated washing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.517-526
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• 2017

The biodegradation and water absorption properties of lignin/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibrous webs are investigated. Lignin/PVA nanofibrous webs containing 0, 50, and 85wt% of lignin were prepared via an electrospinning process to observe the effect of the lignin concentration on the biodegradability and water absorption properties of lignin/PVA nanofibrous webs. The morphology of the materials was examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). To understand the wetting behavior and hydrophilic nature of the electrospun lignin/PVA nanofibrous webs, the water absorbency, contact angle, and water uptake were examined. The enzymatic degradation of lignin/PVA nanofibrous webs was investigated using laccase by measuring total organic carbon (TOC) concentration over a course of 50 days. Water drops were absorbed immediately into all of the specimens. The water uptake of lignin/PVA nanofibrous webs increased as the amount of PVA in the lignin/PVA hybrid webs increased. The enzymatic degradation experiment indicated that the inherent biodegradability of lignin was retained after its transformation into nanofibers. Our findings imply that blending these two types of polymers is promising because it can lead to the development of a new range of multifunctional materials such as antimicrobial absorbent nanotextiles based on sustainable biopolymers.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 2014

This study describes the feasibility and optimization of reactive dyeing on bio treated cotton knitted fabrics. For this, cotton knitted fabrics distinctly with two different enzymes, alkaline Pectinases(Scourzyme $L^{(R)}$) and Pectate lyases(Bactosol Co. ip $liquor^{(R)}$). In this way by increasing the concentration and processing temperature, the access of enzymes towards the fatty and waxy substrate was found to be accelerated. To achieve higher absorbency and whiteness index, a series of experiments was carried out to assure that Pectate lyases enzymes possesses high access towards the fats and waxes at high temperature. To this end, cotton knitted fabrics was dyed without oxidative bleaching step. The Pectate lyases scoured and dyed fabrics showed less color difference when 2% dye shade is used. The fabrics pre-scoured with Pectate lyases showed good the light and washing fastness properties, compared to the conventional and Pectinases dyed fabrics. However pectinases enzymes showed lower activity at high temperature, caused poor wettability and whiteness index of fabrics. The improvement of the accessibility of enzyme to the pectin at higher temperature Pectate lyases treatment before dyeing was found to be useful for subsequent pectin degradation in cotton knitted fabrics.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 1994

Cotton fabrics were treated with the cellulase which is an enzyme to decompose cellulose and its actional mechanism is known. The optimum condition of the cellulase to the cotton fabrics and the weight losses, tensile strengths of the treated cotton fabrics were also obtained. The cellulase performs a specific catalytic action on the ${\beta}-1$, 4-glucosidic bonds of the cellulose molecules and hydrolyzes them. For that reason, the negative surface charges of the cotton fabrics were increased by additional generation. of hyrdoxyl groups. The increased surface charges cause the decrease of dye adsorption by inhibiting the approach of the anions of direct dyes. But, it was overcome by the use of enough amount of salt, it means that sodium ions of the salt neutralize the almost all of negative charges of the cotton fabrics. The improvement of the water absorbency is also due to the increased hydroxyl groups In addition, their handles including the mechanical properties were measured and caculated by KES system which is a measuring apparatus that numerizes and objectificates human's feeling, especially touch. As the results, we knew that KOSH(stiffness) and FUKURAMI(fulness & softness) were decreased and that NUMERI(smoothness) was increased.