• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.12 no.1 s.15
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• pp.83-91
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• 2003

The paste used for conserving and mounting has much to do with the life of cultural properties of paintings. Previous studies on the pastes dealt with elimination of protein from wheat flour as protein has been known to do harm to paste and investigated the effects of starch and protein content on adhesive strength and conservativeness. We found that protein content inversely affected adhesive strength while adhesive strength and viscosity of paste were proportionally related to starch concentration of the paste. The adhesives with more protein showed less conservativeness. Types and number of microorganisms were found to increase as protein percentage increased. All these results points that the higher content of protein in adhesive formula support higher microbial growth with reduced adhesive strength, but higher flexibility. The optimized paste of conservation treatment was wheat starch paste with not only minimize viscosity but also maximized adhesive strength.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.148-152
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• 2000

Mussel adhesive protein (MAP) was extracted from Korean Mytilus edulis and then partially purified using Sephacryl S-300 gel permeation chromatography and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. As an indicator of adhesiveness, is 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) content was determined. Its DOPA/protein ratio of 0.19 was higher than those of other reports, indicating a good adhesive. The partially purified MAP was confirmed by acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using cetylpiridinium bromide as a cationic detergent. Sea mussel hydrolysates were prepared using three commercial proteases to provide value-added functional materials and their angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were determined. Among hydrolysates of sea mussel, Protamex was the best and further purification would improved ACE inhibitory activity.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2011

This study was carried out to examine properties of water resistant plywood by using serum protein adhesive which is natural, environment-friendly and human-friendly. For the preparation of the serum protein adhesive, pig blood from slaughterhouse was centrifuged and serum was separated from corpuscles and concentrated to 30% by dry weight basis. This concentrated serum protein was modified with PF resin (50% NVC) with the ratio of 9 : 2.5. Plywood made by this modified serum protein gave 1.21 N/$mm^2$ of dry bonding strength, 0.80 N/$mm^2$ of wet boil bonding strength, 0% of cyclic delamination test value, and 0.025 ppm of HCHO emission, which met the excellent super $E_0$ grade and water resistant plywood.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.267-270
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• 2010

This study was carried out to manufacture black charcoal board from domestic wood waste by using serum protein adhesive which is natural, environment-friendly and human-friendly. For the preparation of the serum protein adhesive, pig blood from slaughterhouse was centrifuged and serum was separated from corpuscles and concentrated to 30% by dry weight basis. The particle size of charcoal from domestic wood waste for this study was #6-60. Hot pressing schedule was $170^{\circ}C$ and 40kgf/$cm^2$ (1 min)-10kgf/$cm^2$ (2.5 min)-40kgf/$cm^2$ (5 min). The black charcoal board made by the addition of 13% serum protein adhesive on dry weight basis gave 41.76kgf/$cm^2$ of bending strength, 8.12kgf/$cm^2$ of internal bonding strength, and excellent gas adsorption and workability.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2012

In this study, wheat starch adhesive was investigated the shape and structure of starch, the difference in characteristics such as chemical composition according to the fermenting period of 2 years or less. The fermenting period of wheat starch adhesive is 1 month, 2months, 4 months,6 months, 1 year, 2years old. The wheat starch adhesives were investigated total sugar contents, protein contents, properties of gelatinization, pH, the bonding strength and also observed the surface of starch,. As a result, the longer the fermenting period, the increasing in total sugar contents and decreasing in protein contents. The particle shape and surface were similar regardless of the period. In addition, properties of gelatinization according to the fermenting period also could not see the difference. In pH of the adhesive, the longer the fermenting period, the near to neutral. The adhesive was high bonding strength in 4 months, but appeared a tendency to decrease from 6 months. The damage assessment through the UV degradation in regard to the papers applied the adhesive was accomplished. Color difference was no change except 1 month. The 4 months and 6 months' pH was each 5.0, 5.2. But it was near to neutral that the 12 months and 24 months' pH was each 5.7, 5.9.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.551-559
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• 2013

To investigate the adhesion effect of sodium bisulfite content in making blocked isocyanate, wood adhesive PB-1, PB-2, PB-3 and PB-4 containing sodium bisulfite content of 15%, 22.5%, 30% and 37.5% were synthesized respectively. As a result, when the amount of sodium bisulfite increased in adhesives, the tensile strength was found to be proportionally increased. The final adhesive mixtures were manufactured using a two-components system which are prepared by mixing two separate protein and BI solutions due to the precipitate in the adhesives. As PVA was added to adhesives to increase tenacity, the plywood dehiscence phenomenon after cold pressing process was declined. By addition of PVA, the tensile strength was improved up to $6.5{\sim}7kgf/cm^2$ with BI/protein ratio from 1:6 up to 1:8. Phase separation between milk fat and aqueous layer was disappeared after addition of emulsifier, Tween 20. Additon of Tween 20 showed tensile strength up to $5{\sim}6.5 kgf/cm^2$ at NCO/protein ratio of 1:12 ~ 1:14 without phase separation.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

The adhesives joining Buddhist scripture scrolls from medieval Korea(Goryeo Dynasty, A.D. 918~1392) are different from wheat starch adhesive. The composition of the adhesive was analyzed using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared(ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. In the adhesive used to join Buddhist scripture scrolls, peaks attributed to amide I and amide II of the protein and carbohydrate were detected in the ATR-FTIR spectra, and no carbonyl peak($1745cm^{-1}$) for oil was detected in the 2nd derivative ATR-FTIR spectra. The ATR-FTIR spectra almost coincided with those of defatted soybean powder adhesive. Hence, the adhesives joining Buddhist scripture scrolls were inferred to be soybean adhesive prepared from a defatted soybean cake.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.641-644
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• 2005

The study on the interaction forces of some biological materials is important to understanding biological phenomena and their application to practical purpose. This paper introduces a measuring technique for biological adhesive forces using the AFM(Atomic Force Microscope). Since no standardized thesis on adhesive forces exist, the adhesive forces is defined as adhesive forces against a hardened surface of biological materials. To grant the results are meaningful, which is based on the understanding the surface characteristics of biological materials using the AFM, a nominal value of average adhesive force per unit area should be measured. Therefore the modified AFM probe with small micro glass bead was proposed so that it can guarantee the required contact area for measuring the average adhesive forces. A pyrex glass substrate with circular patterns, which was fabricated by micromachining technique, is introduced in order to controll the contact area. The two types of mussel adhesive proteins, Celltak and recombinant-MGFP5, were tested by the proposed measuring method. The test results show that the adhesive force of the mussel adhesive proteins can be reliably measured by use of this method.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.630-633
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• 2003

The mussel adhesive protein Mefp-1 is a natural, strong and durable adhesive that is stable under corrosive, saline conditions. Mefp-1 is found in the marine mussel Mytilus edulis and it has a molecular weight of ca. 130,000. The primary structure is mainly composed of repeating decapetides: Ala-Lys-Pro -Ser-Tyr Hyp-Hyp-Thr-DOPA-Lys. To elucidate the mechanism by which Mefp-1 bonds to metal surfaces, we have used surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to study the interactions of peptides related to the Mefp-1 decapeptide repeat with gold surfaces. We have concluded that the tyrosine residue and the carboxyl terminus interact strongly with the gold surface, and that proline and hydroxyproline constrain the conformations of the peptides, thereby limiting the types of possible interactions of the functional groups with the gold surface.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.174-182
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• 2011

Over the last decade, Sick Building Syndrome has become a significant social issue in Korea and many methods have been considered to maintain comfortable indoor air quality. To reduce toxic substances emitted from wood composite products, the source control is an efficient method through the reduction of formaldehyde content by using natural material-based adhesives for composite wood products production. Among alternative materials, soybean protein is considered an appropriate natural material to replace formaldehyde-based resin and many efforts have been made to produce new products, such as soap, shampoo, ink, resin, adhesive and textile through changing the chemical or physical properties of soybean. To process soybeans into these useful products, the beans are dehulled and the oil is removed by crushing at very high pressure or by solvent extraction. For use soybean as an adhesive, it is processed at temperatures below $70^{\circ}C$ to preserve the alkaline solubility of the proteins. In addition, soybean-based adhesive is undergone treatment process to improve mechanical properties using urea, urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The modified soybean-based adhesive exhibited sufficient mechanical properties to use as an adhesive for composite wood products. This paper is a review article to discuss the possibilities of soybean-based adhesive for environment-friendly furniture materials.