• Title/Summary/Keyword: adjuvant

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Identification of Molecular Signatures from Different Vaccine Adjuvants in Chicken by Integrative Analysis of Microarray Data

  • Kim, Duk Kyung;Won, Kyeong Hye;Moon, Seung Hyun;Lee, Hak-Kyo
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.29 no.7
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    • pp.1044-1051
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    • 2016
  • The present study compared the differential functions of two groups of adjuvants, Montanide incomplete Seppic adjuvant (ISA) series and Quil A, cholesterol, dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide, and Carbopol (QCDC) formulations, in chicken by analyzing published microarray data associated with each type of vaccine adjuvants. In the biological function analysis for differentially expressed genes altered by two different adjuvant groups, ISA series and QCDC formulations showed differential effects when chickens were immunized with a recombinant immunogenic protein of Eimeria. Among the biological functions, six categories were modified in both adjuvant types. However, with respect to "Response to stimulus", no biological process was modified by the two adjuvant groups at the same time. The QCDC adjuvants showed effects on the biological processes (BPs) including the innate immune response and the immune response to the external stimulus such as toxin and bacterium, while the ISA adjuvants modified the BPs to regulate cell movement and the response to stress. In pathway analysis, ISA adjuvants altered the genes involved in the functions related with cell junctions and the elimination of exogenous and endogenous macromolecules. The analysis in the present study could contribute to the development of precise adjuvants based on molecular signatures related with their immunological functions.

Effects of Apium graveolens Extract on the Oxidative Stress in the Liver of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rats

  • Sukketsiri, Wanida;Chonpathompikunlert, Pennapa;Tanasawet, Supita;Choosri, Nutjanat;Wongtawatchai, Tulaporn
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.79-84
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    • 2016
  • Apium graveolens Linn. (Apiaceae) is an indigenous plant of the North and South Americas, Southern Europe, and Asia and has been widely used as a food or a traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation and arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of a methanolic extract of A. graveolens (AGE) against liver oxidative stress in an adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model. The AGE (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) was given orally for 24 consecutive days after induction by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant. Liver and spleen weights were recorded. The superoxide anion level, total peroxide (TP), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were also measured. AGE treatment significantly decreased the levels of the superoxide anion, TP, and OSI whereas the GPx and SOD activities significantly increased in the liver of the arthritic rats. These results indicated that AGE showed an ameliorative effect against liver oxidative stress in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats by reducing the generation of liver free radicals and increasing the liver antioxidant enzyme activity.

Adjuvants-a classification and review of their modes of action (Adjuvant-그 분류 및 작용방법에 대한 개관)

  • Cox John C.;Coulter Alan R.
    • Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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    • v.33 no.11
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    • pp.683-691
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    • 1997
  • 금세기초부터 갖가지 물질이 vaccine에 가해졌으며, 일정한 처방이 vaccine을 더욱 유효하게 만들기 위해서 고안되고 있다. 많은 선택권에도 불구하고 다만 aluminium 염(鹽)만이 사람용 vaccine adjuvant(면역응답강화물질)로 받아들여지고 있으며, 수의(동물)용 vaccine도 크게 aluminium 염의 사용에 의존하고 있다. 현재 많은 새로운 vaccine들이 개발되고 있으나 vaccine당 구성분의 수를 증가시키고 또한 vaccine 과정에서 요구되는 dose 수를 줄이는 vaccine 접종 schedule을 단순화시키고져 하는 욕구가 대두되고 있다. 이제 더욱 유효한 adjuvant들이 이 욕구를 성취시키기 위해서 요구되는 것이다.

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Adjuvant Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer

  • Paik, Woo Hyun
    • Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.5-7
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    • 2019
  • Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease since curative resection is available in only 20% of patients at the initial diagnosis. Even after radical resection of the cancer, most patients experience recurrence. Therefore, many clinical trials have been attempted to prevent recurrence of pancreatic cancer. The key clinical studies about adjuvant therapy of pancreatic cancer and currently available regimens in Korea will be reviewed concisely according to the chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both.

Studies on the Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Ohyaksungisan (오약순기산(烏藥順氣散)의 소염 진통작용에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Don-Il;Lee, Seong-Yim;Moon, Young-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.184-189
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    • 1996
  • Ohyaksungisan, combined preparation of crude drugs, has been used for hemiplegia, arthralgia and paralysis in traditional Korean medicine. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract from Ohyaksungisan(OSSE) was investigated on acetic acid-induced edema and adjuvant arthritis in rats. Acute toxicity and analgesic action in mice were also examined. Its anti-inflammatory activity on 5% acetic acid-induced edema and adjuvant arthritis was observed with oral administration. The acute toxicity showed 10% mortality at 2400 mg/kg (p.o), but was not showed at 1200 mg/kg (i.p). OSSE was showed to have significant analgesic action (P<0.05) at 150 mg/kg and this action was strengthened at 300, 600 mg/kg. The anti-inflammatory effect was showed significant preventive effect on the hind paw edema from 90 min. and the adjuvant arthritis, when orally administered for 19 days. showed significant inhibitory effect on the hind paw edema from the 5th day.

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Application of chitosan resin formulae as a sustained-releasing form adjuvant (키토산 resin formulae의 서방효과(sustained-releasing effect) 보조제로서의 활용)

  • Kim, Sang-Uk;Kang, Mun-Il;Lee, Jae-Il;Kim, Tae-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.173-176
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    • 2010
  • Here, we report the suitability of using a resin-type chitosan formulae as a sustained-releasing form adjuvant in comparison with commercially well-known Freund's adjuvants. To induce the immunological responses, N-terminal region of Pasteurella multocida toxin was used as an antigen, which was found to be protective immunogen against P. multocida infection. Mice immunized with chitosan resin formulae showed statistically significant antibody induction (P<0.001) as much as that of Freund’s adjuvants. As a result, the resin-type sustained-releasing form chitosan formulae is thought to be a good candidate for a new type adjuvant.

A STUDY ON ANTIGENICITY OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE (LBD-007) IN MICE AND GUINEA PIGS

  • Park, Jong-Il;Han, Sang-Seop;Roh, Jung-Koo
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 1993
  • Antigenic potential of recombinant human growth hormone (LBD-007), a newly developed drug for growth hormone deficiency, was investigated in mice and guinea pigs. 1. Mice showed production of antibodies against LBD-009 (1.5IU/kg) with aluminum hydroxide gel(alum) as an adjuvant, Judaged by the heterologous anaphylaxis (PCA) test using rats. On the other hand, antibodies against ovalbumin (OVA) inoculated with alum were definitely detected. 2. In the studies with guinea pigs, both the inoculation of LBD-009 (0.15IU/kg-1.5IU/kg) only and of LBD-009 with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) as an adjuvant did produce weak positive reactions in homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). On the other hand, the inoculation of ovalbumin with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) produced positive reaction in PCA.

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Studies on Hypersensitivity of Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine (LBD-008) in Mice and Guinea pigs

  • Park, Jong-Il;Ha, Chang-Su;Han, Sang-Seop
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.108-113
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    • 1994
  • Toxicity study of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (LBD-008), a newly developed drug for acute and chronic hepatitis, was investigated in mice and guinea pigs. 1. Mice showed no production of antibodies against LBD-008 inoculated with aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) as an adjuvant, judged by the heterologous anaphylaxis (PCA) test using rats. On the other hand, antibodies against ovalbumin (OVA) inoculated with alum were definitely detected. 2. In the studies with guinea pigs, both the inoculation of LBD-008 only and of LBD-008 with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) as an adjuvant did not produce positive reactions in any of homologous active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA). On the other hand, the inoculation of ovalbumin with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) produced positive reaction in both of PCA and ASA. 3. These findings suggested that LBD-008 has no antigenic potential in mice or guinea pigs.

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Risk of Treatment Related Death and Febrile Neutropaenia with Taxane-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer in a Middle Income Country Outside a Clinical Trial Setting

  • Phua, Chee Ee;Bustam, Anita Zarina;Yusof, Mastura Md.;Saad, Marniza;Yip, Cheng-Har;Taib, Nor Aishah;Ng, Char Hong;Teh, Yew Ching
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.13 no.9
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    • pp.4623-4626
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    • 2012
  • Background: The risk of treatment-related death (TRD) and febrile neutropaenia (FN) with adjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy for early breast cancer is unknown in Malaysia despite its widespread usage in recent years. This study aims to determine these rates in patients treated in University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). Patients and Methods: Patients who were treated with adjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy for early breast cancer stages I, II or III from 2007-2011 in UMMC were identified from our UMMC Breast Cancer Registry. The TRD and FN rates were then determined retrospectively from medical records. TRD was defined as death occurring during or within 30 days of completing chemotherapy as a consequence of the chemotherapy treatment. FN was defined as an oral temperature > $38.5^{\circ}C$ or two consecutive readings of > $38.0^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours and an absolute neutrophil count < $0.5{\times}10^9/L$, or expected to fall below $0.5{\times}10^9/L$. Results: A total of 622 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy during this period. Of these patients 209 (33.6%) received taxane-based chemotherapy. 4 taxane-based regimens were used namely the FEC-D, TC, TAC and AC-PCX regimens. The commonest regimen employed was the FEC-D regimen accounting for 79.9% of the patients. The FN rate was 10% and there was no TRD. Conclusion: Adjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy in UMMC for early breast cancer has a FN rate of 10%. Primary prophylactic G-CSF should be considered for patients with any additional risk factor for FN.