• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.277-283
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• 2017

Background: The ginseng berry has various bioactivities, including antidiabetic, anticancer, antiinflammatory, and antioxidative properties. Moreover, we have revealed that the active antiaging component of the ginseng berry, syringaresinol, has the ability to stimulate longevity via gene activation. Despite the many known beneficial effects of ginseng, its effects on skin aging are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of ginseng and the ginseng berry on one of the skin aging processes, melanogenesis, and age-related pigment lipofuscin accumulation, to elucidate the mechanism of action with respect to antiaging. Methods: The human melanoma MNT1 cell line was treated with ginseng root extract, ginseng berry extract, or syringaresinol. Then, the cells were analyzed using a melanin assay, and the tyrosinase activity was estimated. The Caenorhabditis elegans wild type N2 strain was used for the life span assay to analyze the antiaging effects of the samples. A lipofuscin fluorescence assay was performed during 10 passages with the syringaresinol treatment. Results: A 7-d treatment with ginseng berry extract reduced melanin accumulation and tyrosinase activity more than ginseng root extract. These results may be due to the active compound of the ginseng berry, syringaresinol. The antimelanogenic activity was strongly coordinated with the activation of the longevity gene foxo3a. Moreover, the ginseng berry extract had more potent antiaging effects, caused a life span extension, and reduced lipofuscin accumulation. Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that these antimelanogenic effects and antiaging effects of ginseng berry mediate the activation of antioxidation-FoxO3a signaling.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.354-359
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• 2013

This study was performed to elucidate the antioxidative and antiaging activities of mixed rates 2:6:2(262), 6:2:2(622) and 4:4:2(442) of fermented soybean, fermented rice bran, fermented red ginseng based on the comparision with their separate results of our three previous studies. The antioxidative and antiaging effects of 262, 622 and 442 mixed ratios were evaluated by the determination of superoxide radical scavenging activities, hydroxy radical scavenging activities, linoleic acid inhibition activtiy, elastin synthesis activity, and cell viability of B16F10. The material of 442 ratio showed the higher effects than those of 262 and 622 ratios, and presented the higher effect than the separate material of red ginseng in the antioxidative and antiaging activities. Therefore, this study suggested that the material of 442 ratio in the production of red gineng-containing cosmetics could be preferred as a useful cosmetic ingredient for antioxidation and antiaging.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.192-200
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• 2017

Skin aging is a complex biological process due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Free radical oxidative is one of extrinsic factors that induce activation of collagenase, elastase and hyaluronidase. Natural product from plants has been used as antioxidant and antiaging. This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant and antiaging properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract (HSE) and its compounds including myricetin, ascorbic acid, and ${\beta}$ carotene. The phytochemical of H. sabdariffa was determined using modified Farnsworth method and presence of phenols, flavonoids and tannins were in moderate content, whereas triterpenoids and alkaloids were in low content. Total phenolic content performed using Folin-Ciocalteu method, was $23.85{\mu}gGAE/mg$. Quantitative analysis of myricetin, ${\beta}-carotene$, and ascorbic acid of HSE was performed with Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) that shows $78.23{\mu}g/mg$ myricetin, $0.034{\mu}g/mg$ ${\beta}-carotene$, whilst ascorbic acid was not detected. HSE has lower activity on DPPH ($IC_{50}=195.73{\mu}g/mL$) compared to ${\beta}-carotene$, the lowest in ABTS assay ($IC_{50}=74.58{\mu}g/mL$) and low activity in FRAP assay ($46.24{\mu}MFe(II)/{\mu}g\;$) compared to myricetin, ${\beta}-carotene$. Antiaging was measured through inhibitory activity of collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase. HSE had weakest collagenase inhibitory activity ($IC_{50}=750.33{\mu}g/mL$), elastase inhibitory activity ($103.83{\mu}g/mL$), hyaluronidase inhibitory activity ($IC_{50}=619.43{\mu}g/mL$) compared to myricetin, ${\beta}-carotene$, and ascorbic acid. HSE contain higher myricetin compared to ${\beta}-carotene$. HSE has moderate antioxidants and lowest antiaging activities. Myricetin is the most active both antioxidant and antiaging activities.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1961-1970
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• 2017

Lespedeza cuneata G. Don is a traditional herb that has been associated with multiple biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antioxidative/antiaging activities and performed an active component analysis of the non-fermented and fermented (using Lactobacillus pentosus) extracts of Lespedeza cuneata G. Don. The antioxidative activities of the fermented extract were higher than those of non-fermented extracts. The elastase inhibitory activity, inhibitory effects on UV-induced MMP-1 expression, and ability to promote type I procollagen synthesis were investigated in Hs68 human fibroblasts cells. These tests also revealed that the fermented extract had increased antiaging activities compared with the non-fermented extract. A component analysis of the ethyl acetate fractions of non-fermented and fermented extracts was performed using TLC, HPLC, and LC/ESI-MS/MS to observe changes in the components before and after fermentation. Six components that were different before and after fermentation were investigated. It was thought that kaempferol and quercetin were converted from kaempferol glucosides and quercetin glucosides, respectively, via bioconversion with the fermentation strain. These results indicate that the fermented extract of L. cuneata G. Don has potential for use as a natural cosmetic material with antioxidative and antiaging effects.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.343-351
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• 2018

Background: Red ginseng is a popularly used traditional medicine with antiaging effects in Asian countries. The present study aimed to explore the changes in protein expression underlying the mechanisms of life span extension and antiaging caused by red ginseng extract (RGE) in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods: A proteomic approach of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to identify the differential abundance of possible target proteins of RGE in D. melanogaster. The reliability of the 2-DE results was confirmed via Western blotting to measure the expression levels of selected proteins. Proteins altered at the expression level after RGE treatment (1 mg/mL) were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry and by searching against the National Center for Biotechnology nonredundant and Uniprot protein databases. The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Results: The average survival life span of D. melanogaster was significantly extended by 12.60% with RGE treatment (1 mg/mL) compared to untreated flies. This followed increased superoxide dismutase level and decreased methane dicarboxylic aldehyde content. Based on the searching strategy, 23 differentially expressed proteins were identified (16 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated) in the RGE-treated D. melanogaster. Transduction pathways were identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, and included the hippo and oxidative phosphorylation pathways that play important roles in life span extension and antiaging process of D. melanogaster. Conclusion: Treatment with RGE in D. melanogaster demonstrated that mechanisms of life span extension and antiaging are regulated by multiple factors and complicated signal pathways.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.591-597
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• 2003

To investigate antioxidative and antiaging effects of yellow and black soybeans in vivo system, male SD rats (n＝24) were fed the diets containing casein (C), yellow soybean (YS) or black soybean (BS) for 8 weeks. Experimental groups showed the preventive effect on lipid and protein oxidation, especially protein oxidation of plasma was significantly inhibited in BS group. SOD and catalase activities were not different among the groups, but hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) activity was significantly lowered in YS and BS groups compared with control group. The contents of superoxide anion radical in cytosol were significantly lowered in experimental groups compared with control group. And hydroxyl radical was slightly lowered in soybean groups. Lipofuscin accumulation on the heart and eyes of rats was effectively inhibited by yellow soybean and black soybean, respectively. In conclusion, these results suggest that yellow soybean and black soybean have the antioxidative/antiaging effect in vivo system and they have similar activities despite different color of seed coat.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.467-471
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated the antioxidative and antiaging activity of Perilla frutescens using LLC-$PK_1$ porcine renal epithelial cell and WI-38 human diploid fibroblast cell. The extract from Perilla frutescens showed strong protective effect against nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide ($O_2{^-}$)-induced oxidative stress generated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and pyrogallol, respectively. The result showed that P. frutescens increased the cell viability and showed scavenging activity of NO and $O_2{^-}$. In addition, the extract of P. frutescens exerted the protective effect against peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine. It suggests that P. frutescens would have the protective role against $ONOO^-$ itself and its precursors, NO and $O_2{^-}$. Furthermore, the aging model of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-treated WI-38 human diploid fibroblast was employed to investigate the anti-aging effect of P. frutescens. $H_2O_2$-treated WI-38 cells showed the loss of cell viability, however before-treatment with P. frutescens to WI-38 cells under premature senescence could delay the cellular aging process. The present study suggests the antioxidative and antiaging potential against free radical-induced oxidative damage of P. frutescens.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.2054-2060
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• 2016

As the aging society is accelerated, the population with dementia grows significantly faster. Because there is no complete cure of dementia, it is of great importance to detect the disease at a very early stage and prevent its fast aggravation through evaluation of MCI(Mild Cognitive Impairment) which happens before dementia. The current assessment of MCI conducts only in the form of hand-written data and by 1:1 face to face communication between the subjects and the examiners. Due to this, both examiners' fatigue rate and evaluation error rate increase. Further, there are some limitations in utilizing and analyzing data collected. Against the problems, therefore, there is a need to develop a computerized system by which MCI is assessed, and the results are saved and analyzed. This paper presents the development of such a system enabling MCI evaluation, its related data collection and analysis.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.95-100
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate antiaging and antioxidant effects on cultured human skin fibroblast with supercritical fluid extracts of Dendropanax morbifera, Corni fructus and Lycii Fructus. Methods : Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique was applied to extract from three medicinal plants including stem of Dendropanax morbifera, Corni fructus and Lycii Fructus. Antioxidant activity of extract was evaluated by two different assays as 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and super oxide dismutase (SOD) like activities. These extracts were tested for cell viability on HS68 skin fibroblast by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. We investigated the effects of Ultraviolet-B irradiation on cytotoxicity, type 1 collagen, elastin level and oxidative damage in cultured human skin fibroblast (HS68). Recently, many studies have reported that elastin is also involved in inhibiting or repairing wrinkle formation, although collagen is a major factor in the skin wrinkle formation. Results : The extracts obtained dose-dependently increased the scavenging activity on DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD like activity. The supercritical fluid extracts of complex herbal medicine showed low cytotoxicity as more than 100% cell viability in 100ppm/ml concentration. HS68 fibroblasts were survived 70% at $120mJ/cm^2$ UVB irradiation and treated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. The levels of aging factors and cytotoxicity were decreased by supercritical fluid extract of complex herbal medicine. Conclusions : These results suggest that supercritical fluid extracts may have value as the potential antioxidant and antiaging medicinal plant.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09b
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• pp.303-306
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• 2003

Indonesia is a tropical country having a temperature range of 25-35$^{\circ}C$ which can affect the skin and causes damages like aging. This aging process is due, at least, to free radical reactions. For this reason, many attempts had been done to find out creams containing natural antioxidant compound which have a potential of free radical scavenger. Kluwek, a fermented form of foot ball fruit or picung (Pangium edule.Reinw), had been proved to contain antioxidant compound in its methanol fraction oil to which antiaging cream was formulated. Stability evaluation was conducted for cream with Kluwek oil compared to base cream, including organoleptic (colour and odour), pH, viscosity, particle size, centrifugation test and flow characteristics either in room temperature (27$^{\circ}C$) or stress condition (4$^{\circ}C$ and 5$0^{\circ}C$) for 8 weeks continuously, and six times cycling test at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 5$0^{\circ}C$ every 24 hours. The results showed that cream with Kluwek oil and base cream were stable at temperature 27 and 4$^{\circ}C$, cycling test and centrifugation test, but not stable at 5$0^{\circ}C$. Free radical evaluation was done by Electron Spin Resonance and the result showed that cream with Kluwek oil had less free radicals compared to base cream.