• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.278-283
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• 2014

Cecropins (Cec) are antibacterial peptides and their expression is induced in a pig intestinal parasite Ascaris suum by bacterial infection. To explore the usefulness of its activity as an antibiotic, CecP4 cDNA was prepared and cloned into the pPICZ B expression vector and followed by the integration into AOX1 locus in Pichia pastoris. The supernatants from cell culture were collected after methanol induction and concentrated for the test of antimicrobial activity. The recombinant P. patoris having CecP4 showed antimicrobial activity when tested against Staphyllococcus aureus in disc diffusion assay. We selected one of the CecP4 clones (CecP4-2) and performed further studies with it. The growth of recombinant P. pastoris was optimized using various concentration of methanol, and it was found that 2% methanol in the culture induced more antibacterial activity, compared to 1% methanol. We extended the test of antimicrobial activity by applying the concentrated supernatant of CecP4 culture to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli respectively. Recombinant CecP4 also showed antimicrobial activity against both Pseudomona and E. coli, suggesting the broad spectrum of its antimicrobial activity. After improvements for the scale-up, it will be feasible to use recombinant CecP4 for supplementation to the feed to control microbial infections in young animals, such as piglets.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-90
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• 2004

To classify the physiological activity by habitat and part of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), antioxidative and antimicrobial activities were investigated from methanol extracts of Dandelion. Dandelion was taken from Uiryeong (in Kyungnam province) and from Seoul, and antioxidative and antimicrobial activities were measured for three different parts of the dandelion: the flower, leaf and root. Antioxidative activities of methanol extracts from Dandelion were examined by a DPPH test, and antimicrobial activities were examined against 5 microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus as G(+) microorganisms, and Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Eschrichia coli as G(-) microorganisms. No significant differences were found in terms of antioxidative and antimicrobial activities between the dandelions in Uiryeong and the dandelions in Seoul. Antioxidative activity, however, was higher in the flower of the dandelion, irrespective of habitat. Further research with other physiological factors (besides antioxidative and antimicrobial activities) is necessary to shed light on dandelion physiological function and to enhance the utilization of dandelion.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2007

This study was carried out to examine antimicrobial substances from medicinal plants, the ethanol extracts of 38 medicinal plants were tested for the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300. The extracts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Sophora flavescens, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, and Pinas densiflora showed significant antimicrobial activities against both S. aureus ATCC 25923 and methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 43300. The extract of Dryopteris crassirhizoma among these medical plants showed the highest antimicrobial activity. These results suggested that the extracts from Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Sophora flavescens, Pinas densiflora, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis could be the potential source of antimicrobial agents against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and S. aureus.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.228-234
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• 2017

This work was achieved on the preparation of antimicrobial ceramic hybrid polyethylene films with natural chamomile extracts. The antimicrobial activity and various physicochemical properties of the prepared films were evaluated. Various natural products demonstrated antimicrobial activity. Among them, chamomile extracts showed strong activity and no cytotoxicity rather than that of the natural extracts. Porous ceramic materials were synthesized and demonstrated loading and controlled release of natural antimicrobial extracts. Furthermore, chamomile loaded ceramic hybrid films showed antimicrobial activity that was maintained for over 15 days.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.993-999
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• 1998

Methanol extract of roots of Amblytropis pauciflora Kitagawa showed the antimicrobial activity to three test strains. Antimicrobial spectra of various extracts of Amblytropis pauciflora Kitagawa were tested against 24 strains of bacteria and fungi. The crude methanol extract inhibited the growth of 12 strains of bacteria and Asp. fumigatus with the exception of yeasts. The properties of the antimicrobial substance were very stable under heat(at 12$0^{\circ}C$), acid(pH 3.0) and alkali(pH 11.0) treatment. Only the root harvested in spring showed the antimicrobial activity. Among the components extracted by butanol, ginseng saponin Rg1 and various saponin-like materials were detected by TLC analysis using a plate of silica gel 60F254. The antimicrobial compound was purified by methanol extraction, activated charcoal column chromatography, Sep-pak(C18) pretreatment and reverse phase HPLC. The purified compound was detected at 13.520 min as a single peak(about 98% purity) through the HPLC analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.980-981
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• 2008

This study was carried out to research antimicrobial agents from medicinal plants, Lonicera japonica, Pinellia ternata, Dictamnus albus, Cryptotympana pustulata, Pinus densiflora, Bupleurum falcatum, Forsythia saxatilis, Castanea crenata, Hovenia dulcis, Prunus sargentii. The ethanol extracts of 10 medicinal plants were tested for the antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The extracts of Pinus densiflora showed significant antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans. These results suggested that the extract from Pinus densiflora could be a candidate for new antimicrobial agents against Streptococcus mutans.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.114-120
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• 2012

To investigate the antimicrobial activity on bacteria causing a respiration disease and antioxidant effects of water extracts from 12 kinds of wild edible vegetables, we extracted the water extracts for 72 h in $7^{\circ}C$ using distilled water as solvent. The water extracts except Ixeris dentate and Allium monanthum had high concentrations of phenol compounds and flavonoids. Liguraia fischeri specially had the highest level on total phenol compounds and flavonoids with 205 ${\mu}g/mL$ and 98. 86 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The each 0.05% extracts of Sedum sarmentosum and Liguraia fischeri had high effect on the DPPH radical scavenging activity among wild edible vegetables and the most extracts promoted antioxidant activity with increasing concentration of extract. The catalase activity of Erysimum aurantiacum and Aralia elata showed more than 150 units per g of fresh tissue. The effect of antimicrobial activity on water extracts showed characteristic activity. Only Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1928 and Corynebacterium diptheriae KCTC 3075 were inhibited cell growth on the other hands, the remainder of bacteria was not inhibited cell growth. Nevertheless, the extracts of wild edible vegetables had specific concentration as MIC for antimicrobial activity respectively. In case of the extract of Aster scaber, Erysimum aurantiacum, and Allium monanthum had over 30% antimicrobial activity on the bacteria causing a respiration disease. In results, the wild edible vegetables include high concentrations of total phenol compounds and flavonoids that give a good antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity. Therefore the wild edible vegetables are functional food for anti-aging and physiological activation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

Objectives: To establish the expiration date of herbal decoction pouch, the change in antimicrobial activities was measured according to storage temperature and period. Methods: Five herbal formulas, Gyeji-tang, Jakyakgamcho-tang, Saengmaek-san, Paljung-san, and Dangguisu-san, with antimicrobial activity were selected from 51 herbal formulas commonly used in traditional Korean medical institutions. Five herbal formula decoction pouches were prepared and stored at room temperature (RT) or 4℃ from 0 to 12 weeks to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, or Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The antimicrobial activities were evaluated by the disk diffusion method (disk size: 10 mm). Results: The decoction pouches of Gyeji-tang and Jakyakgamcho-tang maintained antimicrobial activity against V. parahaemolyticus from week 0 (14 mm) to week 12 (14 mm) at both temperatures. Saengmaek-san pouch had antimicrobial activities against V. parahaemolyticus and B. cereus from week 0 (19 mm and 20 mm) to week 12 (both 18 mm), respectively. At RT and 4℃, the antimicrobial activity of Paljung-san pouch was maintained week 0 (17 mm) to week 12 (both 13 mm) against B. cereus. Against L. monocytogenes, the antimicrobial activity of Dangguisu-san pouch showed 27 mm at week 0 and 23 mm (RT) and 24 mm (4℃) at week 12, respectively. Conclusion: According to increase of the storage duration, the antimicrobial activities of 5 herbal formula decoction pouches decreased slightly but remained up to 12 weeks. These results can be used as important data to establish the expiration date of herbal formula decoction pouches.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.745-751
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate whether peptide produced from wheat protein by enzyme hydrolysis can be used as a natural antimicrobial agent. Antimicrobial peptide was obtained from wheat protein hydrolyzed by 7 of pretense. The produced antimicrobial peptide was purified through ultrafiltration, membrane filtration and HPLC and molecular weight and amino acid sequence of the purified antimicrobial peptide were determined. Among hydrolysate produced from wheat protein by 7 of protease, antimicrobial activity was observed for the peptide obtained from Asp. saito protease. The Asp. saito protease did produce antimicrobial hydrolysate showing the highest antimicrobial activity at reaction condition of 37$^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0, but not at reaction condition above 5$0^{\circ}C$. Wheat protein hydrolysate was fractionated by membrane filtration and showed antimicrobial activity between molecular weight 1,000~3,000. The antimicrobial activity fraction obtained by membrane filtration was separated through HPLC and showed antimicrobial activity in the peak of retention time 31.1~31.8 min. We could convince this hydrolysate as heat-stable peptide since antimicrobial activity was maintained after treated with heat for 15 min at 121$^{\circ}C$. Molecular weight of antimicrobial peptide identified by MALDI-mass was 1,633. Amino acid sequence of antimicrobial peptide was cysteine, glycine, prolin, prolin, prolin, valine, valine, alanine, alanine and arginine.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 2009

Recently, there is much interest in the antimicrobial activity of silver since silver has known to be safe and effective as a disinfectant or an antimicrobial agent against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Although silver has been applied to various kinds of products due to the effective antimicrobial activity, the quantitative antimicrobial activity or detailed mechanism of silver is not clearly investigated yet, causing the controversy and confusion. In this review paper, we summarized the characteristics, antimicrobial activities and mechanisms, synergistic effects with other antimicrobials, and applicability of silver.