• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.449-455
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• 1991

The water striders, gerris paludum insularis larvae which were fed with the drosophila melanogaster cultured on the appli diet and artificial diet, were reared in the growth cabinet controlled as the two constant temperature regimes of 25 c and 30 c under the condition of photoperiod 16l : 8d, light intensity 510 240 lux, relative humidity 65 3%, and in the natural state. The effects of temperature and diet on the devolopment of g. paludum insularis were analyzed and the results were summarized as follows. 1. The total developmental period of the water strider larvae fed with the d. melanogaster reared on the apple diet at the natural stste was the longest 40 days, and the total devopmental periods at 25 c and 30 c were 35 days and 27 days respectively. The tolal developmental period of larvae fed with d. melanogaster reared on the artifical diet at 25 c was the longest 42 dats, and the total developmental periods at natural stste and 30 c were 32 days and 27 days, respectively. 2. In the larval developmental stages, the fifth stage was longer than that of any stage. The duration of egg stage which was not influenced by diet at 25 c was the longest. 3. The water strider larvae fed which the d. melanogaster reared on the artificial diet at 25 c did not complete their devolopment. 4. No significant difference was odserved in the developmentperiod for diet at 30 c. but, there were significant differences in developmental periods for diet at 25 c and natural state. 5. The rate of adult emergence on the apple diet was higher than that of the artificial diet was higher than of the artificial diet. 6. The shapes of the survivorship curve were convex-curve. 7. The development periods of the larval stages of water striders might be affected to temperature and diet dependently.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 1981

누에 人工飼科資源으로 適合한 炭水化物源과 澱粉分解酸素의 活性을 調査하기 위하여 8種의 澱粉을 各各 누에 人工飼科에 添加하여 調劑한 飼科로 누에를 飼育하면서 主要形質과 蠶體內 組織, 器官의 amylase電氣泳動像을 調査한 結果를 다음과 같이 要約한다. 1. 澱粉種類에 따른 누에의 實用形質은 쌀, 보리 및 조澱粉이 比較的 良好한 것으로 나타났다. 2. 누에의 人工飼科用 澱粉源은 純度를 높이기 위한 處理를 加하지 않아도 無妨할 것으로 생각되며 澱粉의 添加量은 乾物重으로 12~18%範圍가 適當한 것 같다. 3. amylase의 電氣泳動像은 蠶品種이나 澱粉의 種類에 關係없이 體液에는 3個活性帶, 中腸에는 4個活性帶 絹絲腺에는 2個活性帶가 各各 同一型으로 나타났고 消化液에는 活性帶가 認定되지 않았다. 그리고 澱粉添加量 18% 및 無添加區에서는 體液의 amylase活性帶에 變化가 誘發되었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.219-224
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• 1988

담배거세미나방을 인공사료로 사육했을 경우 경과일수는 약 42일(강낭콩잎 사육은 37.9일)이었고 담배거세미나방 유충 핵다각체병 바이러스의 $LC_{50}은 1,3,5령에 대해 각각 $5.04{\times}10^{2}, 4.48{\times}10^{3}, 4.52{\times}10^{4}$ 다각체/ml이었으며, $LC_{50}은 1 령은 $1.1{\times}10^{5}$ 다각체/ml에서 7.1일, 3 령은 $1.1{\times}10^{6}$ 다각체/ml에서 7.7일, 5령은 $1.1{\times}10^{7}$ 다각체/ml에서 7.0일로 나타났다. 1 령유충은 비교적 고농도인 $10^{5-6}$ 다각체/ml로 접종했을 때 2-4령기, 3 령의 경우는 $10^7$ 다각체/ml 농도에서 100% 치사되었고, 병사충은 5 령때 발생했다. 담배거세미나방은 A. californioca MNPV, S. littoralis MNPN 및 T. ni MNPV에 의해 병원성이 나타났으며, $1.1{\times}10^{7}$ 다각체/ml로 접종했을 때 각각 92.0, 92.0, 60.0%의 사충율을 보였다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 1986

인공사료개발연구의 일환으로 상육잠과 인공사료육잠 소화액에 대한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 상엽육잠과 인공사료육단을 공시하고 비교·분석하여 아래와 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 적색형광단백질은 50% 포화 acetone 용액에 침전하였고 n-butanol,용액중에 용해되지 않았으며, methanol 용액에는 용해되었다. 2. 상육잠과 인공사료육잠 소화액 acetone분획 전기영동은 이종도가 큰 단백질 band 부분에서 뚜렷한 차이가 있으며 상엽구에서만 첫 번째 band에서 적색형광이 관찰되었다. 3. 경과일수에 따른 상육잠소화액 전기영동상은 5령 1-3일에는 변화가 없으나 5령 4, 5일에 이종도가 큰 band에서 변화가 있었다. 4. 등전점전기영동결과 RFP는 PI 8-9의 염기성단백질이었다. 5. 상육잠소화액 acetone 분획의 SDS 전기영동상에 RFP로 추정되는 band가 나타났고 그 분자량은 27,000이었다. 6. 상육잠과 인공사료육잠소화액의 Sephadex G-75 permeation chromatography 결과 상육구 chromatogram에서는 16번부터 28번 사이에 3개의 흡수대가 있었으며 인공사료구 chromatogram에서는 18번부터 31번 사이에 2개의 흡수대가 있었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.62-74
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• 1998

In feedlot cattle the abrupt change of diet from roughage to a large quantity of grain for the purpose to improve production often results in increased occurrence of rumen acidosis or acute carbohydrate encouragement enterotoxemia, bloats diarrhea liver abscess and laminitis or robot disease. The common management practice to control these problem is to increase the amount of concentrates in the diet in a stepwise manner until the animals are adapted to a high-grain ration. However this practice requires at least about 3 weeks adaptation period and specially prepared adaptation rations which contain various amount of concentrates. Present experiment was undertaken in order to findout the more simple and rapid adaptation method of cattle to a high grain ration. Nineteen Korean calves aging from four to six month were fed artifical hay (Youngchoun Chuk-Hyup, Korea) which contains 10% of concentrates or alfalfa and rye grass hays for two months and randomly alloted to three experimental groups and two control groups. The experimental group-1 was inoculated by stomach tube for two days with li500 ml/day of ruminal fluid fished from Korean beef cattle that had been previously adapted to a high-energy ration. The experimental group-2 was inoculated by trocalization for two days with the same ruminal fluid. The experimental group-3 was inoculated by trocalization with 1,500 ml/day of bacterial culture which contained 2$\times $10$^{9}$/m1 of Gram-negative bacteria derived from adapted luminal fluid. The two control groups were treated with normal saline solution by the same methods. All animals were fed high-energy ration that contained 80% of grain ad libitum for 30-74 days beginning on the third of the treatment. The effect of the inoculation on the adaptation was observed clinicopathologically with the following results; All of the experimental calves inoculated with the ruminal fluid or Gram-negative bacterial culture derived from adapted cattle did not show any signs of rumen acidosis or other related diseases, while most of the control calves did show diarrhea and bloat and a calf laminitis. The average daily weight gain and feed efficiency of experimental calves were slightly improved compared with control calves. Following the feeding of high-grain rational the pH of the ruminal fluid was lowered in both the experimental and control groups. However severe acidosis with the pH of below 5.0 was observed in only a control group-2. The protozoal number in ruminal fluid was markedly decreased during the high-grain feeding in both the experimental and control calves. However the decrease was mere severe in control calves compared with the experimental calves. The activation of the protozoa were completely disappeared within nine hours at the refrigerator temperature (4"C). No significant differences in heamatological and blood chemical values between the experimental and control calves were recognized. However in one control calf which showed clinically laminitis marked elevations of serum glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase activities and a decrease of serum glucose level were observed. From these results it would be concluded the intraruminal transplantation of unadapted calves with the adapted ruminal fluid from cattle previously adapted to a high-energy ration prevents disease problem associated with high-grain feeding and improve weight gain and feed efficiency.ency.