• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.10
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• pp.1483-1488
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• 2012

This paper analyzed the precision and accuracy of the altitude-aided GNSS using the altitude information from digital map. The precision of altitude-aided GNSS is analysed using the theoretically derived DOP. It is confirmed that the precision of altitude-aided GNSS is superior to the general 3D positioning method. It is also shown that the DOP of altitude-aided GNSS is independent of altitude bias error while the accuracy was influenced by the altitude bias error. Furthermore, it is shown that, since the altitude bias error influenced differently to each pseudorange measurement, the effect of the altitude bias error is more serious than clock bias error which does not influence position error at all. The results are evaluated by the simulation using the commercial RF simulator and GPS receiver. It confirmed that altitude-aided GNSS could improve not only precision but also accuracy if the altitude bias error are small. These results are expected to be easily applied for the performance improvement to the land and maritime applications.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.368-377
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• 2009

In this paper we study the gyro bias calibration method of SDINS(Strap-Down Inertial Navigation System). Generally, SDINS's calibration is performed in 2-axis(or 3-axis) rate table with chamber for varying ambient temperature. We assumed that the majority of calibration-parameter except for gyro bias is knowned. During gyrobias calibration procedure, it can be induced some disturbances(accelerometer's short-term error induced rate table rotation and anti-vibration mount's rotation). In these cases, old gyro-bias calibration methods(using velocity error or attitude error) have an error, because these disturbances are not detectable at the same time. So that, we propose a new gyro-bias calibration method(heading error minimizing using equivalent linear transformation) that can detect anti-vibration mount's rotation. And we confirm efficiency of the new gyro-bias calibration method by simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.80-85
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• 1995

Too see the effects of finite record on the estimation of WVD in practice, a window which has time varying length is examined. Its length increases linearly with time in the first half of the record, and decreases from the center of the record. The bias error due to this window decreases inversely proportionally to the window length as time increases in the first half. In the second half, the bias error increases and the resolution decreases as time increases. The bias error due to the smoothing of WVD, which is obtained by two-dimensional convolution of the true WVD and the smoothing window, which has fixed lengths along time and frequency axes, is derived for arbitrary smoothing window function. In the case of using a Gaussian window as a smoothing window, the bias error is found to be expressed as an infinite summation of differential operators. It is demonstrated that the derived formula is well applicable to the continuous WVD, but when WVD has some discontinuities, it shows the trend of the error. This is a consequence of the assumption of the derivation, that is the continuity of WVD. For windows other than Gaussian window, the derived equation is shown to be well applicable for the prediction of the bias error.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 1998

The velocity measurement error in the velocity-aided SDINS on the maneuvering vehicle is unavoidable and degrades the performance of the SDINS. The characteristics of the velocity measurement error can be modeled as a random bias. This paper proposes a new method for estimating the velocity measurement error in the SDINS. The generalized likelihood ratio test is used for detecting the error and a modified separate-bias Kalman filter in the feedback configuration is suggested for estimating the magnitude of the velocity measurement error.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2012

In this paper, design of an error model is presented in which the bias characteristic of the MEMS IMU is taken into consideration for performance enhancement of the MEMS IMU-based GPS/INS integrated navigation system. The drift bias of the MEMS IMU is modeled as a 1st-order Gauss-Markov (GM) process, and the autocorrelation function is obtained from the collected IMU data, and the correlation time is estimated from this. Prior to obtaining the autocorrelation function, the noise of IMU data is eliminated based on wavelet. As a result of simulation, it is represented that the parameters of error model can be estimated correctly only when a proper denoising is performed according to dynamic behavior of drift bias, and that the integrated navigation system based on error model, in which the drift bias is considered, provides more correct navigation performance compared to the integrated navigation system based on error model in which the drift bias is not considered.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.23-30
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• 1982

In this paper, two methods (Kalman filter and Conventional) are investigated to reduce the bias error in the INS (Intertial Navigation System) vertical channel. The schemes by these methods show better performance (estimation error and response) than the others commonly used. Comparison results show that the scheme by Kalman filter method gives much better performance than the Conventional method.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.637-648
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• 2007

This paper presents a sensor fusion method based on indirect Kalman filter(IKF) for error compensation of low-cost inertial sensors and its application to the determination of attitude and position of small flying robots. First, the analysis of the measurement error characteristics to zero input is performed, focusing on the bias due to the temperature variation, to derive a simple nonlinear bias model of low-cost inertial sensors. Moreover, from the experimental results that the coefficients of this bias model possess non-deterministic (stochastic) uncertainties, the bias of low-cost inertial sensors is characterized as consisting of both deterministic and stochastic bias terms. Then, IKF is derived to improve long term stability dominated by the stochastic bias error, fusing low-cost inertial sensor measurements compensated by the deterministic bias model with non-inertial sensor measurement. In addition, in case of using intermittent non-inertial sensor measurements due to the unreliable data link, the upper and lower bounds of the state estimation error covariance matrix of discrete-time IKF are analyzed by solving stochastic algebraic Riccati equation and it is shown that they are dependant on the throughput of the data link and sampling period. To evaluate the performance of proposed method, experimental results of IKF for the attitude determination of a small flying robot are presented in comparison with that of extended Kaman filter which compensates only deterministic bias error model.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.415-421
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• 2009

TOA(time-of-arrival) and TDOA(time-difference-of-arrival) positioning techniques are commonly used in many radio-navigation systems. From the literature, it is known that the position estimate and error covariance matrix of TDOA obtained by GN(Gauss-Newton) method is exactly the same as that of TOA when the error source of the range measurement is only an IID white Gaussian noise. In case of geo-location and indoor positioning, however, multi-path or NLOS(non-line-of-sight) error is frequently appeared in range measurements. Though its occurrence is random, the multipath acts like a bias for a stationary user if it occurs. This paper presents the comparisons of error characteristics between TOA and TDOA positioning in presence of multi-path or NLOS error. It is analytically shown that the position estimate of TDOA is exactly the same as that of TOA even when bias errors are included in range measurements with different magnitudes. By computer simulation, position estimation error and error distribution are analyzed in presence of range bias errors.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2013

The criterion of zero-error probability provides a limitation on error probability functions being used for adaptive systems when the error samples are shifted by the influence of DC-bias noise. In this paper, we employ a bias term in the error distribution and propose a new criterion of the biased zero-error probability with error being zero. Also, by maximizing the proposed criterion on expanded filter structures, a supervised adaptive algorithm has been derived. From the simulation results of supervised equalization, the algorithm based on the proposed criterion yielded zero-centered and highly concentrated error samples without disturbance in the environments of strong impulsive and DC-bias noise.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2005

The problem of fluctuation-induced digital errors in a rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) circuit has been very important issue. So in this experiment, we calculated error rate of RSFQ switch in superconductiyity ALU, The RSFQ switch should have a very low error rate in the optimal bias. We prepared two circuits Placed in parallel. One was a 10 Josephson transmission lines (JTLs) connected in series, and the other was the same circuit but with an RSFQ switch placed in the middle of the 10 JTLs. We used a splitter to feed the same input signal to the both circuits. The outputs of the two circuits were compared with an RSFQ XOR to measure the error rate of the RSFQ switch. By using a computerized bit error rate test setup, we measured the bit error rate of 2.18$\times$$10^{12}$ when the bias to the RSFQ switch was 0.398mh that was quite off from the optimum bias of 0.6mA.