• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.463-474
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• 2010

The nutrient intake and association between dish group intake and blood glucose and serum lipid level (TG, cholesterol, LDL and HDL) was analyzed among 3 groups: 452 subjects in normal blood glucose group (NG: fasting blood glucose < 100 mg/dL and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose < 140 mg/dL), 258 subjects in impaired fasting glucose group (IFG: fasting blood glucose 100~125 mg/dL and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose ${\geq}$ 140 mg/dL) and 101 subjects in diabetic group (DG: fasting blood glucose $\geq$ 126 mg/dL and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose ${\geq}$ 140 mg/dL). The data were obtained from the 2005 National Health and Nutrition Survey of Korea. The 811 subjects were adults aged 40~64 without dietary treatment. In nutrients intake, IFG was the highest and DG the lowest in both quantity and quality. DG, especially, had the lowest intake in carbohydrates, fiber, proteins, Ca, P, K, vitamins B1 and C, and consumed the highest amount of alcohol. In macronutrients distribution ratio, the DG diet showed a lower energy intake from carbohydrates but higher from fat than the NG diet, while IFG showed a higher energy intake from carbohydrates and lower intake from fat in supper out of 3 meals and snacks. IFG preferred salt-fermented foods and DG preferred soups, braised foods and kimchi compared to other groups. NG preferred multi-grain cooked rice and both IFG and DG preferred plain white cooked rice. Regarding the association between dish group intake and blood glucose, cooked rice, soups, salt-fermented foods and kimchi were significantly related to blood glucose. In blood lipids, steamed-foods, beverages and fruits were inversely related to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, whereas cooked rice, stews, saltfer-mented foods, seasoned-fermented foods and seasoned vegetables were directly proportional to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and related diseases. Therefore, it is beneficial to avoid rich, salty and fatty foods and heavy alcohol consumption for controlling blood glucose and blood lipids, while steamed foods, foods rich in fiber (like multigrain rice) as a staple, and fruits and teas are recommended for preventing or managing type 2 diabetes risks.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.205-209
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• 2011

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) is likely to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome after delivery. Infants of diabetic women have higher incidence of congenital malformations than those of non-diabetic women. This study was performed to determine elevation factors associated with increased blood glucose in 350 pregnant women. Subjects were examined in June, 2011 to September, 2011 in Geongnam province. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels were measured by Olympus AU 680, and their body mass index (BMI) calculated. The mean total cholesterol levels were 223.22 mg/dL, triglyceride 188.38 mg/dL, and fasting blood glucose 100.18 mg/dL. Serum glucose level was significantly higher in the age group of 40 years($109.51{\pm}16.26mg/dL$) than 20 years and 30 years. And increase in triglyceride(>250 mg/dL) was significantly related to high blood glucose level($110.83{\pm}24.78mg/dL$), and increase in BMI(>26) was significantly related to high blood glucose level($114.03{\pm}27.09mg/dL$). However, cholesterol levels were not significantly related to high blood glucose level. In conclusion, the significant elevation factors in relation to the glucose levels were age, triglyceride, and BMI.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.67-73
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the supplementary effects of the rice germ oil compared with soy bean oil on blood glucose level of non-insulin dependent diabetic mice. Forty diabetic KK mice were fed two kinds of experimental diets with 20% lipid from soy bean oil as a control(CO) and rice germ oil(RG) for 8 weeks, respectively. Diet intake, body weight, organs weights and lipids levels of serum, liver and feces were measured. There was no significant difference in food and water intake, body weight gain and organs weights between experimental groups. The concentrations of fasting and random blood glucose were similar between CO and RG groups. There was no significant difference in blood glucose levels after glucose treatment during the glucose tolerance test between two groups. The levels of $HbA_{1c}$ as the index of blood glucose status, and insulin were similar in two groups. These results suggested that rice germ oil can't reduce blood glucose concentration of non-insulin dependent diabetic mice compared with soybean oil. But we need to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of rice germ oil by changing supplementary level and period.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.38-42
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• 1998

This study designed to investigate the blood glusose lowering effect of sericultural products using allozan-induced byperglycemic mice. The administration of sericultural products did not affect body weight between normal mice and alloxan induced hyperglycemic mice. High blood glucose level in alloxan-induced mice group was maintained, during all the experimental period. In the 2-3 weeks, a significant decrease in the blood glucose level was observed in the group treated with sericultural products. Up to 5 weeks, blood glucose level of those group was maintained. Sericultural products treatment group have an activity for glucose tolerance test. Sericultural products showed the blood glucose lowering acivity for loading maltose and sucrose.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1170-1179
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• 1997

This study was designed to determine blood glucose responses to some cereals produced in Korea. The levels of blood glucose were measured over 2 hours after feeding healthy vounteers with 50g carbohydrate portions. The glycemic index(GI)k and glycemic index-rice(GI-rice) of a food has been defined as : GI=mean of (blood glucose response area of test food/ blood glucose response area of glucose taken by the same indicidual) $\times$100 and GI-rice=mean of (blood glucose response area of test food/blood glucose response area of rice taken by the same individual) $\times$100. The area under the curve is taken to be the area above the fasting value calculated geometrically from blood glucose increments. The GI of barely to glucose as the standard(57$\pm$7) was significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of other cereals whereas the GI of glutinous rice (110$\pm$8) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than other those of cereals. The GI values to rice as the standard were 63 $\pm$6 for barley, 79$\pm$5 for buckwheat, 85$\pm$6 for foxtail millet, 90$\pm$12 for unpolished rice, 100$\pm$0 for rice, 102$\pm$7 for glutinous rice, 106 $\pm$6 for unpolished glutinous rice, 115$\pm$13 for glutinous millet, 116$\pm$13 fro job's tear, and 122 $\pm$ 4 glutinous sorghum. The mean GI-rice was identical to the mean of the adjusted GI values, with a correlation coefficient of r=0.964(p<0.0001). This finding suggests that white rice could be used as standard food for the determination of GI.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.303-311
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• 1998

This study was carried out to determine the blood glucose responses to 10 kinds of typical Korean domestic meals, 9 kinds of eating out meals and 5 kinds of diabetic meals recommended by hospitals. The levels of blood glucose were measured at 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after taking 24 kinds of meals(500$\pm$10㎉) and 50g of glucose to healthy volunteers. The blood glucose response areas and glycemic index(GI) were calculated. There was no invariable tendency of blood glucose responses among diabetic meals, general domestic meals and eating out meals. As the units of grain groups were increased, the GI of meals was increase. When the units of grain groups are same, the side dishes also affected the blood glucose responses, however, it is yet unknown what kinds of food materials of side dishes affected the blood glucose responses. Noodles (Chinese style, kalgugsu(Korean home made) and ramen) lowered blood glucose responses compared to steamed rice. Mixing barley and brown rice with polished rich also lowered blood glucose responses, especially when the mixing ratio of them was over the 15%. The lowering efficiency of barely was greater than brown rice. More than three grain units of rice increased the blood glucose response. The GI was significantly correlated with left area ratio(LAR), right area ratio(RAR) and blood glucose levels at 15, 30, 60, 90 minutes. The RAR and blood glucose levels at 30 minutes profoundly affected the GI.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.312-320
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• 2016

This study analyzed the distribution of the blood glucose level according to the fasting status. Moreover, a relationship was analyzed between fasting blood glucose level and glycemic control indicators. A total of 707 outpatients, who visited Dankook University Hospital, were included and classified into either the fasting group and the non-fasting group. The mean blood glucose level of each group was calculated and analyzed by sex, age, and clinic. In addition, blood glucose, HbA1c, fructosamine, and 1,5-AG were measured in 153 fasting health check-up patients, and the correlation between the blood glucose level and glycemic control indicators was evaluated. Blood glucose averages between the two groups (non-fasting 111.9 vs. fasting 103.6 mg/dL) were different (p<0.05); and the mean difference was lower in women (4.8 mg/dL) than in men (12.2 mg/dL). A significant difference of the median glucose values among the age groups was only observed in the non-fasting group (Kruskal-Wallis test, p<0.01), and not in the fasting group. A 1,5-Anhydroglucitol was estimated to be significantly correlated with the fast blood glucose level in the range of the criteria of impaired fasting glucose (IFG). We presented an assessment of the distribution of blood glucose level in accordance with the fasting status among outpatients, and estimated that 1,5-anhydroglucitol was well correlated with the fasting blood glucose than fructosamine and HbA1c, through the analysis of results of health screening subjects. It is suggested that the use of glycemic indicators that reflect short-term blood glucose control can be used together with the blood glucose measurement in the screening of diabetes mellitus.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) forms a multigene family of phase II detoxification enzymes which are involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species. This study examines whether daily supplementation of kale juice can modulate blood pressure (BP), levels of lipid profiles, and blood glucose, and whether this modulation could be affected by the GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms. SUBJECTS/METHODS: 84 subclinical hypertensive patients showing systolic BP over 130 mmHg or diastolic BP over 85 mmHg received 300 ml/day of kale juice for 6 weeks, and blood samples were collected on 0-week and 6-week in order to evaluate plasma lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol) and blood glucose. RESULTS: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly decreased in all patients regardless of their GSTM1 or GSTT1 polymorphisms after kale juice supplementation. Blood glucose level was decreased only in the GSTM1-present genotype, and plasma lipid profiles showed no difference in both the GSTM1-null and GSTM1-present genotypes. In the case of GSTT1, on the other hand, plasma HDL-C was increased and LDL-C was decreased only in the GSTT1-present type, while blood glucose was decreased only in the GSTT1-null genotype. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the supplementation of kale juice affected blood pressure, lipid profiles, and blood glucose in subclinical hypertensive patients depending on their GST genetic polymorphisms, and the improvement of lipid profiles was mainly greater in the GSTT1-present genotype and the decrease of blood glucose was greater in the GSTM1-present or GSTT1-null genotypes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.818-824
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• 2015

Makgeolli is a health beneficial food for diabetes compared to other alcoholic beverages. We examined the effect of Makgeolli on blood glucose level and survival rate in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model. We force fed 30 male STZ-induced diabetic ICR mice Makgeolli consisting of 6% alcohol (DM-MAK), 6% ethanol (DM-EtOH), or distilled water (DM-DW) for 4 weeks. In the DM-MAK group, food intake and water intake were higher than those of other groups after 4 weeks. Body weight, however, was not different among the experimental groups. We also found no significant difference in blood glucose level among the experimental groups. In normal ICR mice fed Makgeolli for 1 week, the area of the blood glucose curve was higher than those of other groups fed 6% ethanol, 2% glucose, or distilled water. Survival rates of STZ-induced diabetic mice fed Makgeolli, 6% ethanol, or DW for 4 weeks were 100%, 25%, and 62.5%, respectively. In conclusion, Makgeolli had no beneficial effect on blood glucose in a STZ-induced diabetic mouse model, although their survival rate was high. These results show that Makgeolli has an effect on type 1 diabetes through other mechanisms than blood glucose control.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2014

Research on the correlation between blood glucose and allergy of the trauma patient, and the changes of blood glucose after the injection of antibiotic Cephalosporins have been made in this study. In this research, we have investigated whether there is any correlation between allergies and blood glucose, and the changes of blood glucose after the injection of Cephalosporins. In case of the patients who have allergies, there has been a close correlationship between allergies and blood glucose by increasing the risk of developing sugar diabetes significantly to 3.273. And it showed that there is a correlation between Cephalosporins and glucose by the figure of Cephalosporins, before and one week after the operation, to become r=1**.*, bilateral significance probability (p<0.007). There has been significant changes in blood glucose (p<0.010), bun (p<0.025), Albumin (p<0.000), AST (p<0.001), total bilirubin (p<0.001) after the operation. It considered to be important indicator. preventing complications and allergies caused by diabetic history and also correlated (p<0.027) because there is allergy and the patient's.