• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2001

The medicinal constituents contained in Cinidil Rhizoma and Angelicae Radix cultivated in Korea and China, were compared by confirming their qualities. From Cinidil Rhizoma and Angelicae Radix cultivated in Korea and China, butyl phthalide, senkyunolide, and ligustilide etc. phthalides were identified by GC/CMS analysis. Through GC/FID analysis, the senkyunolide content of Cinidil Rhizoma cultivated in Korea was similar to that cultivated in China. The ligustilide content of Ciniail Rhizoma cultivated in Korea was more than that cultivated in China, except for one cultivated at Ankuk province. In the case of Angelicae Radix, the ligustilide content of that cultivated in Korea was more than one cultivated at Yeungil province in China. As for quality, Cinidil Rhizoma and Angelicae Radix cultivated in Korea were better than those cultivated in China since Chinese products possessed more butilidene phthalide photo-decomposed from ligustilide, caused by long storage during the circulation processes, than that of the domestic products.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.179-183
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• 1994

Callus was derived from the shoots of Cnidium officinale. The growth rate of callus and the production of essential oils were studied under different culture conditions. The essential oils in the rhizome of Cnidium officinale and the cultivated callus were analyzed and compared by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. It appeared that NAA induced higher growth rate and production of essential oils than 2,4-D. The compositions of essential oils were influenced by the illumination. Butyl phthalide, cnidilide, senkyunolide, butylidene phthalide, ligustilide, grandisol, tricosane, 3-methylphenol and 2-pentylthiophene were identified in the cultivated callus.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.330-338
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• 2002

This study was performed to develop natural spices and functional foods using Cheongung (Cnidium officinale) which is one of the Korean medicinal plants. The volatile flavor patterns of Cnidium officinale were detected by electronic nose with 6 metal oxide sensors, and the principal component analysis was carried out. The volatile flavor components of Cnidium officinale were isolated by simultaneous steam-distillation extraction with pentane and diethylether (1 : 1), and essential oils were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. The free radical scavenging activity of ethanol and methanol extracts from Cnidium officinale was measured by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and compared with ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ as reference. The principal component analysis showed the difference of principal components between fresh and drying samples. Eighty-five volatile flavor components (643.64 ppm) from fresh Cnidium officinale were identified and the major components were butyl phthalide, sabinene, neocnidilide. Sixty-four volatile flavor components (218.15 ppm) from hot air dried one were identified and the major components were butyl phthalide, sabinene, 3-N-butyl phthalide. And 73 volatile flavor components (784.15 ppm) from freeze dried one were identified and the major components were butyl phthalide, sabinene, ${\beta}-selinene$. The free radical scavenging activity of methanol cold extract (500 ppm) of freeze dried Cnidium officinale was higher than other samples. And methanol and ethanol cold extracts (above 250 ppm) of freeze dried sample were higher than ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ $25\;{\mu}M$ (22.34%).

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.363-370
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• 2017

This study investigated the chemical composition of headspace gas from white-flowered lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner). Volatile flavor compositions of headspace from white-flowered lotus (floral leaf, stamen, flower stalk, stem) were investigated through the solid-phase microextraction method using polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene fiber. The headspace was directly transferred to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sixty-three volatile flavor constituents were detected in the headspace of lotus floral leaves, and undecanoic acid (7.81%) was the most abundant component. Fifty-three volatile flavor constituents were detected in the headspace of lotus stamina, and isobutylidene phthalide (7.94%) was the most abundant component. Forty-four volatile flavor constituents were detected in the headspace of lotus flower stalks, and 3-butyl dihydrophthalide (11.23%) was the most abundant component. Fifty-nine volatile flavor constituents were detected in the headspace of lotus stems, and ligustilide (16.15%) was the most abundant component. The content of phthalides was higher in the headspace of flower stalks and stems, while alcohols and acids were the predominant compounds in lotus floral leaves.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.199-210
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• 2011

This study was conducted to develop functional sources of herbal cosmetics for treatment of skin aging and inflammatory disorders using volatile flavor extracts of four different herbal medicinal prescriptions including Cnidium officinale Makino (COM), Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN), Mentha arvense L. (MAL), Artemisiae argyi Folium (AAF), Paeonia lactiflora Pall (PLP), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (RRP), Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG), Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (PGM), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUF). The volatile flavor extracts of four different herbal medicinal prescriptions (HH-1: COM, AGN, PLP, RRP, HH-2: COM, AGN, PLP, RRP, SBG, PGM, GUF, HH-3: COM, AGN, MAL, AAF, HH-4: COM, AGN, MAL, AAF, SBG, PGM, GUF) were extracted using SDE and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were measured by using DPPH radical and SLO, respectively. As a result, HH-2 showed moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity (68.24 %) and the strongest SLO inhibitory activity (83.96 %) at 100 ${\mu}g$/mL. Moreover, HH-2 of four different prescriptions significantly inhibited NO production on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner without considerable cell cytotoxicity at range of 2.0 ~ 50 ${\mu}g$/mL. Additionally, HH-2 also effectively suppressed the production of $PGE_2$ and IL-6, which are responsible for promoting the inflammatory process. Major volatile components of HH-2 were identified as eugenol, paeonol, butyl phthalide, ${\beta}$-eudesmol and butylidene dihydrophthalide by GC-MS analysis. Thus, these results suggest that HH-2 may be useful as a potential source of anti-inflammatory agents in herbal medicinal cosmetics.