• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2000

Changes in the contents of volatiles and chlorphylls of Angelica keiskei Kimchi during fermentation were investigated. Total chlorphyll contents decreased gradually during the fermentatin period. Chlorphyll a decreased rapidly from 1.38 to 0.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/cm by the 5th day of fermentation with no further changes at 7th day, while chlorophyll b did not show any change by 3rd day and decomposed rapidly thereafter. Major voltile compounds identified in the kimchi were sabinene, $\alpha$-pinene and $\alpha$-terpinolene, which were gradually decreased during fermentation. There were significant differnce in color, sourness, bitterness and overall acceptability in sernsory evauation of Angelica keiskei Kimchi during fermentation at 2$0^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.436-440
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• 1998

Photosensitization occurred in a 4-month old Holstein calf soon after going onto the pasture lush with green Japanese millet(Echinochloa crusgalli). Skin lesions were restricted to the unpigmented white area of skin. They were most pronounced on the dorsum of the body, diminishing in degree down the sides and were absent from the ventral part. The demarcation between lesions and normal skin was clearcut. There were edema, exudation and sloughing of affected skin on the left gluteal region, and erythema, edema and scab on right scapular region. Interception of the light, discontinuance of Japanese millet ingestion, and the administration of antihistamine and penicillin made the calf rapid recovery. This disease was considered photosensitization due to chlorphyll in ingested Japanese millet.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.656-656
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• 2002

It is studied on the relationship between the occurrence of red tide(Chlorophyll-a concentration by the in-situ and satellite data) and the meteorological factors (precipitation, air temperature, sunshine and winds) in the coastal areas in the South Sea of Korea. In summer and early-fall which frequently occurred the red tide, the precipitation above 213mm had directly influence on the occurrence of red tide because it carried the nutritive substance which originated from the land into the coastal areas. Then air temperature kept up generally high values as 23~26$^{\circ}C$, and sunshine with 187~198hours and wind velocity with 3.1~7.9m/s showed not directly the relationship on the occurrence of red tide.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.26-28
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• 2001

The cytotoxicity of the ethanol extracts of varietal samples of mulberry leaves and branches and silkworm feces was measured using CT-26 cells originated from murine metastatic colon cancer, using dye uptake assay in order to find potential anticancer agents. Two ethanol extracts (varietal mulberry leaves and mulberry branches) were prepared from 16 varietal mulberries and used as partial extract materials for the activity assay. Among these, the ethanol extracts from Shinkwangppong leaves showed a little anticancer activity, and those from Sugaeppong, Cheongunppong and Gumsulppong branches showed some anticancer activity as well as cytotoxicity. In contrast, ethanol extracts from freeze-dried, the 3rd day of 5th instar feces showed more potent anticancer activity than that of other mulberry leaves, mulberry branches and other 5th silkworm instar larva feces on the basis of high UV absorbance at 665 nm.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.143-152
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• 1969

This investigation was proceeded to define the effects of gibberellic acid on the growth of Chlorella by determining the contents of chlorphyll and changes in various components in Chlorella cells according to the concentration of treated GA. The growth of Chlorella was accelerated with telative low concentrations of GA(10, 40 ppm) and was restrained with relative high concentrations of GA(70, 100, 200 ppm). The synthetic ability of chlorophyll of GA was inhibited generally in proportion to the concentration of treated-GA and the higher the concentration of GA was applied, the longer time was required in the restoration. The contents of RNA, protein and soluble carbohydrate were increased PCA-soluble amino acid and polysacharide were decreased in those cell components between the accelerated and restrained group. Consequently, the effect on accelerated growth in relative low concentrations of GA is considered to be caused by the powerful effet on expansion growth of GA. It is presumed that the effect of restrained growth in relative high concentrations of GA is due to the inhibitory effect on the chlorophyll synthesis.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.227-237
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• 1988

Effects of putrescine on senescence in detached leaves of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) in the light were investigated. The putrescine as a potent antisenescence substane markedly inhibited chlorophyll and protein loss at the 10mM concentraton in the detached leaves during the dark incubation. In the light, however, putrescine showed the opposite effects to dark incubation. The chlorphyll loss by putrescine in the light was stopped with darktransfer, and inhibited competitively by a divalent cation Ca2+. In the light, putrescine reduced the protease activity. Putrescine, in the light, increased H2O2 content and reduced the activities of enzymes -superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1), peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6-involved in inhibiting the accumulation of free radicals. These results suggest that the effects of puterscine on chlorophyll and protein loss in detached leaves of Chinese cabbage in the light are related to the cationic nature of putrescine and the accumulation of free radicals.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate characteristics of water quality and THMs formation in lake-waters at kunsan. Of the parameters examined for water quality, pH, alkalinity, SO$_4$$^{-2}$ and Co- reflected the characteristics according to the origin, geography and water source of lakes while COD, SS, T-P, T-N and chlorophyll-a corelatively reflected well the influence of pollution factors around factors around lakes. The result of water quality analysis showed that most lakes in Kunsan area have the severe eutropnication problem, especially in summer. In lake-waters, THMFP overally continued to increase until 48 hour with the reaction time and THMs formation was largely achieved within 24 hour of the reaction time. The average formation ratio were 68.2% for CHCl$_3$, 23.6% for CHCl$_2$Br, 7.6% for CHClBr$_3$ and 0.6% for CHBr$_3$respectively and much difference depending on the reaction time was not shown. Overally, 96h-THEFP levels in lakes were high during June~September and showed higher tencency in lakes where could be regarded more contaminated on the whole. These results suggest that THMFP may be available for the management of lake-water quality as one if the useful parameters for the general evaluation of contamination. 96h-THEMFP failed to show the strong corelation individually with pH, TOC, COD and chlorphyll-a.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 1982

The effects of heavy metals on the growth rate and phosphate metabolism of Chlorella elliposidea cells were investigated. Chlorella cells were cultured in the media treated with Hg(0.3, 0.7, 0.9 ppm), Cd(1, 5, 15ppm), and Zn(1, 5, 50ppm) for 6days. Aliquots cells were taken out at the inoculation and at intervals during the culture, and measured packed cell vlolume and optical density. The inhibitions of heavy metals on the growth rate and chlorophyll contents were traced. Also after 6 days culture, the amounts of inorganic phosphate and organic compounds of various fractions in Chlorella cells were observed. The turbid effects of heavy metals on the growth rate and chlorphyll contents of Chlorella cells were in order of Hg>Cd>Zn. Because heavy metals depressed the biosynthesis of inorganic polyphosphates and nucleic acids and turn over of inorganic phosphates, the amounts of various phosphate compounds were decreased. The inhibitory effect of photosynthesis by heavy metals resulted in lower contents of carbohydrate. Due to the turbidity of biosynthesis of amino acids by heavy metals, contents of protein were reduced in comparison with those of control. It is suggested conciusively that the minimum concentrations affected by heavy metals on the growth rate and phosphate metabolism of Chlorella cells were 0.7 ppm Hg, 15ppm Cd, 50ppm Zn.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.189-192
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• 2001

We have investigated the effects of abiotic and biotic stresses on leaf senescence using transgenic tobacco plants, in which cellular contents of polyamines were increased by introducing the genes of polyamine and ethylene biosynthesis in sense or antisense orientation. These transgenic plants showed accumulations of polyamines at higher levels than were found in wild-type. Stress-induced senescence was attenuated in transgenic plants cpmpared with wild-type plants, in terms of total chlorphyll loss and phenotypic changes after oxidative stress of hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$), high salinity, acid stress (pH3.0), ABA and fungal pathogen(phytophothora parasitica pv.Nicotianae). Transcripts for antioxidant enzyme, glutathionine-S-transferase and catalase, were also more abundant in transgenic plants than wild-type plants. These result suggested that higher expression of those genes caused a broad-spectrum resistance to abiotic stress/biotic stress. These phenomena indicate that polyamines may play an important role in contributing to the antioxidant defense function in plants. Our findings suggest that facilitate the improvement of stress tolerance of crop plants.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.243-250
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• 2003

S-methylmethionine, vitamin U levels were affected by cultivars, parts fo Korean Chinese cabbages, and drying methods. Among drying conditions, freeze drying method appeared the best condition to maintain bitamin U content compared to oven and air drying methods. In the case of KOrean Chinese cabbages, outward leaves have high levels of chlorphyll and fiber. From this study, the outward parts contained high levels of vitamin U in two cultivars. Leaf parts were 1.1-21.2 times higher in vitamin U levels than midribs in both cultivars. This difference was shown most distinctively in freeze dried outward parts of Winter Pride cultivar. Like vitmnin U, fee amino acids also showed much higher levels in leaves. Levels of amino acids showed irregulatoy changing patterns at different parts and cultivar of Korean Chinese cabbages with various drying methods, Alanine and threonie appeared relatively aboundant amino acids in most parts of samples. Since no distinctive trends were observed in this rsult, it seems no relationship exists between amon oacids and bitamin U levels. Levels of methionine in differnent parts and cultivars of Korean Chinese cabbages dried with various methods did no show clear relationship with tlevel of vitamin U. Moreover, emthionine was not detected in freeze dired outward leaf parts which were the hithest parts of vitamin U levels in Winter Pride and 55 days cultivar. There were simila levels of methionine between overn and freeze drying. Samples prepared by air drying showed significatly lower levels than those by oven and freeze dryting. Methionine as aprecursor of vitamin U, may play a role in an increase of vitamin U during drying of KOrean Chinese cabbages.