• Title/Summary/Keyword: cholesterol

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The influences of life styles on serum HDL cholesterol (생활습관이 혈청 HDL(high density lipoprotein) 콜레스테롤에 미치는 영향)

  • 신종오;차형수
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.262-269
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    • 1997
  • There are many different views of the opinion that smoking decreased the HDL cholesterol. So this cross-sectional study was attempted to find the influence which smoking, alcohol and weight affect HDL cholesterol. They were two groups;smoking group(409 males) and nonsmoking group(213 males). And HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol of smoking group were compaired to them of nonsmoking group. Also the variables of age, relative weight, and alcohol were compaired. The HDL cholesterol of nonsmoking group was 47.2$\pm$10.1 mg/dl and the HDL cholesterol of smoking group was 45.5$\pm$10.7mg/dl. So there were no statistical difference. As smoking was increased in amount, HDL cholesterol was decreased slightly. According as the alcohol intake increases, especially only the HDL cholesterol of the moderate alcohol intake(101-200gm/week) group was significantly increased(P<0.05). As relative weight increases, HDL cholesterol were significantly decreased(P=0.007). Smoking was not statistical difference of HDL cholesterol. Moderately alcohol intake group(101-200gm/week) were increased the HDL cholesterol(P<0.05). Only relative weight was statistically decreased the HDL cholesterol(P<0.01). Multiple regression results that relative weight and alcohol were significant variable of the level of HDL cholesterol.

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Effect of Ginsenosides on .the Biosynthesis of Low density Lipoprotein Receptor in Cultured Chinese Hamster Ovary(CHO) Cell (인삼사포닌 (ginsenoside) 저밀도 지방단백질 수용체 생합성에 미치는 영향)

  • Ju, Chung-No;Gang, In-Cheol;Lee, Hui-Bong
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.104-113
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    • 1988
  • Effect of the purified ginsenoside $-Rb_1$ and $-Rb_2$ on LDL receptor biosynthesis of CHO cell cultured in a high cholesterol medium was investigated . Cholesterol uptake by CHO cell cultured in a medium containing various amounts of cholesterol was traced and found that the cholesterol uptake was proportional to the concentration of cholesterol in the medium, and the population of LDL receptors were proportionally decreased as the increasing cholesterol level in the cell. However, when the CHO cells were cultured in the medium containing ginsenosides, no significant decrease of LDL receptor population occured. The biosynthesis of protein and RNA of the above cells was higher than that of CHO cells cultured in the absence of the ginsenosides, suggesting that the ginsenosides might stimulate LDL receptor bio-synthesis. It was also observed that the ginsenosides stimulated the biosynthesis of estradiol and progesterone from cholesterol in the CHO cell. From the above results, it seemed that the ginsenosides lowers the cholesterol level by stimulating the cholesterol metablism including steroid hormone biosynthesis, resulting in the lowering of inhibitory action of cholesterol on LDL receptor biosynthesis.

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Deconjugation of Bile Salts by Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus의 복합담즙산염 분해)

  • Im, Gwang-Se;Baek, Yeong-Jin;Im, Jeong-Hyeon;Kim, Hyeon-Uk;An, Yeong-Tae
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.13-25
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    • 2004
  • High concentration of cholesterol in the blood streams of humans has been recognized as a risk factor in the coronary heart disease. Recently, lactobacilli having high bile salt hydrolase activity have been claimed to decrease the concentration of the blood stream cholesterol in humans. In particular, many studies have been reported on the hypocholesterolemic effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus, a normal component of the microflora of the small intestine. Bile salts are excreted as bile into duodenum in the form of N-acyl compounds conjugated with glyine or taurine. Bile excretion is the major route of eliminating cholesterol from the body as well as one of the important pathways of cholesterol metabolism. Since conjugated bile salts are necessary to emulsify cholesterol, deconjugation of bile salts by lactobacilli could decrease intestinal absorption of cholesterol. Free bile salts as well as cholesterol are less soluble than the conjugated bile salts. Therefore, few free bile salts and cholesterol are absorbed through the enterohepatic circulation and most of them are easily excreted via feces. Thus, serum cholesterol could be removed from the body pool by synthesizing new conjugated bile salts to replace the excreted ones.

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Effects of taurine on plasma and liver lipids, erythrocyte ouabain sensitive Na efflux and platelet aggregation in Sprague Dawley rats

  • Park, In-Sun;Kang, Young-Hee;Kang, Jung-Sook
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.1 no.3
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    • pp.200-205
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    • 2007
  • The effects of taurine on plasma and liver cholesterol, erythrocyte ouabain sensitive Na efflux and platelet aggregation were examined in Sprague Dawley rats fed control or 0.5% cholesterol with 0.2% cholate diet. Plasma and liver levels of total cholesterol were increased significantly (p<0.05) in rats fed cholesterol diet compared to the control, and taurine significantly decreased the elevated plasma level of cholesterol in rats fed cholesterol diet (p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol was decreased in groups fed the cholesterol diet regardless of taurine supplementation and the difference between groups with and without cholesterol was significant (p<0.01). Plasma triglyceride was decreased and liver triglyceride was increased both significantly (p<0.05) in rats fed cholesterol compared to the control. Plasma and liver triglyceride in rats fed taurine was decreased significantly compared to the control (p<0.05). Intracellular Na tended to be lower in rats fed cholesterol or taurine and higher in rats fed cholesterol plus taurine compared to the control. Na efflux through Na-K ATPase and the passive leak of Na was somewhat reduced in rats fed cholesterol or taurine and was augmented in rats fed cholesterol plus taurine compared to the control, which showed a similar trend to the intracellular Na. Taurine supplementation caused a suppression of Na efflux in groups fed control diet and restored the suppressed Na efflux in groups fed cholesterol. Platelet aggregation was significantly decreased in the group fed taurine compared to the control (p<0.05) and the group fed cholesterol plus taurine was also a little lower in aggregation than the group fed cholesterol. Microscopic examination showed that taurine prevented fatty liver in rats fed cholesterol diet. Taurine known for stimulating Na-K ATPase in some cell types rather decreased erythrocyte ouabain sensitive Na-K ATPase in the present study. Taurine had hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effects and inhibited platelet aggregation which may be favorable for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Effects of High Cholesterol Feeding on Regulation of Plasma Lipids and Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Rabbits

  • Park, Myung-Sook;Seo, Jin-Ah;Cho, Kyung-Hyun;Bok, Song-Hae;Park, Yong-Bok
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.121-128
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    • 1997
  • this study was conducted to examine the atherogenic effect of high cholesterol diet (experimental diet) that influences changes of lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism and arterial wall. Seven NewZealand white rabbits were fed control diet, an the other 7 rabbits 2% cholesterol diet for 10 weeks. Results obtained from this study are as follows: 1) High cholesterol diet resulted in a gradual increase of plasma total cholesterol level, reaching upto 1422 mg/dl at the seventh week. 2) CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) activity was significantly higher in high cholesterol group (64.9% at the 7th week) than control group (49.3% at the 7th week) during most of the experimental period except the 6th week. 3) The cholesterol supplementation induced fatty liver and a decrease of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activities (2.1 moles vs. 0.3nmoles) compared to control group. 4) Bands of apo B-100 and apo E in plasma lipoprotein were thicker in high cholesterol-fed animals tan control animals as visualized by SDS-PAGE. 5) Oxidizability of plasma lipoproteins measured in vitro was greater in high cholesterol group tan control group, but vitamin E level higher in control group. 6) he effect of cholesterol feeding for 10 weeks also led to early fatty streaks in aortic intima. High cholesterol feeding was atherogenic to rabbits, an this seems to be mediated through elevated CETP activities that regulate plasma HDL cholesterol level and decrease an efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport in lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism. The enhanced oxidizability of plasma lipoproteins and lowered vitamin E level may also contribute to the formation of faaty streaks in aorta of cholesterol-fed rabbits.

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Effect of Lycii Fructus Powder on Lipid Metabolism in 1% Cholesterol Fed Rats (구기자 분말 첨가 식이가 1% 고콜레스테롤 급여 흰쥐의 지질 대사에 미치는 영향)

  • Han, Sung-Hee;Park, Sung-Hyee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.521-528
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    • 2008
  • This study examined the effects of 2% Lycii fructus powder (LFP) supplementation on lipid metabolism in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate to induce hypercholesterolemia. Then, 40 rats were divided into four diet groups: a normal diet group (NC), high cholesterol diet group (HC), normal diet plus 2% Lycii fructus powder (NC-LFP) group, and high cholesterol diet plus 2% Lycii fructus powder (HC-LFP) group. The HC group presented higher growth rates and liver weights than NC and NC-LFP however, growth rates and liver weights in the 2% LFP administered groups gradually decreased. HC also showed increased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels and decreased atherogenic index values, HDL-cholesterol, and phospholipid levels, whereas LFP group showed decreased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels as compared to HC. There were no differences in serum triglyceride, phospholipid, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and free cholesterol concentrations between the normal diet groups (NC and NC-LFP). The high cholesterol diet groups (HC and HC-LFP) had significant increases in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDHase) activities. And the 2% LFP administered groups had lower hepatic concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides than the HC groups. Overall, the results suggest that Lycii fructus powder has hypochloesterolemic effects by reducing serum and liver cholesterol contents.

Separation and Purification of Cholesterol from By-product of Low Cholesterol Egg Yolk (저콜레스테롤 난황 제조시 생성되는 부산물로부터 콜레스테롤의 분리 정제)

  • 유익종;조혜연;박우문;전기홍;최성유
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.36-43
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    • 2000
  • $\beta$-cyclodextrin adsorption and saponification methods were applied to isolate and purify cholesterol from the by-product of the low-cholesterol egg yolk product. They by-product was prepared from processing low-cholesterol egg yolk followed by extracting with chloroform to remove $\beta$-cyclodextrin and concentrated to 3,069 mg% cholesterol. When $\beta$-cyclodextrin method between two purification methods was applied, 50% ethanol as a solvent showed higher cholesterol concentration of 5.82% rather than the other solvents. Repeated purification of 3 times could not improve the cholesterol concentration significantly(p<0.05). In case of purification using saponification method, hexane as a solvent for extraction of unsaponificated materials was more efficient to increase cholesterol concentration than chloroform and ether. 60 times(v/w) saponification solution (95% ethanol:33% KOH = 94:6) of sample weight was most effective to increase the cholesterol concentration of 35.7%. Repeated purification process by saponification method could increase cholesterol concentration to 95.7% by 4 times repetition.

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Effect of Riboflavin on Lipid Metabolism (Riboflavin 이 지질대사에 미치는 영향)

  • 박란숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.169-176
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    • 1986
  • The effect of riboflavin feeding on lipid emtabolism in rat were studied. 70 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 7 diet group ; control, riboflavin, cholesterol, MLHP (methyl linoleate hydroperoxide) cholesterol plus MLHP, cholesterol plus riboflavin, cholesterol plus MLHP plus riboflavin. After 4 weeks formular feeding sera of animals were collected, then checked cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid levels and lipoprotein by use of cellulose acetate papter. The results were as follows ; 1) Marked increase of triglyceride and phospholipid levels were found in the group feeding with cholesterol, cholesterol plus MLHP. 2) Combined riboflavin feeding prevented the increase of triglyceride and phospholipid levels in the group of cholesterol, cholesterol plus MLPH. 3) Also combined riboflavin feeding prevented the increase of $\beta$-lipoprotein fraction in cholesterol feeding group. Our results demonstrate that riboflavin has an inhibitory effects on the derangements of lipid metabolism due to administration of cholesterol, cholesterol plus MLHP.

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Prevention of Cholesterol and MLHP -induced Fatty Liver by Riboflavin (Cholesterol 과 MLHP 로 유발한 지방간에 대한 Riboflavin 의 치료 효과)

  • 박란숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.161-168
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    • 1986
  • In order to investigate the effect of riboflavin on cholesterol and MLHP (methyl linoleate hydroperoxide) -induced fatty liver electron microscopically, riboflavin was given to rate receiving high cholestero and MLHP diet for 4 weeks, 8 week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated diets daily, as following group ; usual diet (control ), riboflavin 910 ug/20gm BW), cholesterol (50mg/gm BW), MLHP(0.1ml/20gm BW), cholesterol plus MLHP, cholesterol plus riboflavin, cholesterol plus MLHP plus riboflavin, by means of intubation into the stomach for 4 weeks. Each group consisted of 10 rats, The liver of the animals were examined ultrstructurally by transmission electronmicroscope. The results wee as follows ; 1) The three group including cholesterol, MLHP, cholesterol plus MLHP feeding resulted in fatty liver. 2) The main finding of the fatty liver were swelling and vacuolation of mitochondria, a lot of lipid droplets, disarrangements and loss of rough endoplamic reticulums. 3) the most striking features in the group of cholesterol plus riboflavin, cholesterol plus MLHP plus riboflavin feeding were decrease of size and number of lipid droplets, mitochondrial swelling and vesiculation, with restortion of rough endoplasmic retriculums. It is postulated with above findings that riboflavin was effective in prevention of cholesterol and MLHP -induced fatty liver.

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Effects of Mahwangimun-tang in Cholesterol Diet and Triton WR-1339 -induced Hyperlipidemic Rats (마황이문탕(麻黃二門湯)이 흰쥐의 고지혈증 병태모델에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hak-Joon;Kim, Jeung-Beum
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.102-110
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    • 2010
  • This study was designed to investigate the hyperlipidemia-healing effect of aqueous extract from Mahwangimun-tang(麻黃二門湯) and it was performed on the hyperlipidemia of rats induced by high cholesterol diet and Triton WR-1339. We prepared two types of hyperlipidemia model in rats induced by high cholesterol diet and Triton WR-1339. The amount of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL -cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, free fatty acid, the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione were measured. The aqueous extract from Mahwangimun-tang showed significant decreasing effects on total cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol, triglyceride in the both model. And it showed significant increasing effects on HDL-cholesterol, the activity of SOD in both model. These results suggest that aqueous extract from Mahwangimun-tang has healing efficacy on hyperlipidemia induced by high cholesterol diet and Triton WR-1339.