• Title/Summary/Keyword: collision deformation

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Collision Configurations Reconstruction Using Deformation Shape and Deformation Severity of Car Body (차체의 변형상과 변형정도에 의한 자동차 충돌상황의 재구성)

  • 장인식;채덕병
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.171-180
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    • 2001
  • Collision accident reconstruction algorithm are developed based on the deformation shape and severity of a car body. At first, the body stiffness equation representing the force-deformation relationship is derived using finite element analysis for head on collision of two cars. The database of deformation shapes and energies is constructed for five different collision configurations; each configuration contains three velocity conditions. Deformation shapes are obtained using a curve fitting method and result in cubic polynomials. Deformation energies are calculated using a stiffness equation and deformation data. Three algorithms are developed to reconstruct collision configuration compared with constructed database. The developed algorithms show reasonably good performance to find collisions conditions for some test problems.

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A Study on the Side Collision Accident Reconstruction Using 3-Dimensional Crash Analysis (3차원 충돌해석 정보를 이용한 측면 충돌 사고 재구성)

  • Jang, In-Sik;Kim, Il-Dong
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.52-63
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    • 2008
  • The side collision reconstruction algorithm is developed using three dimensional car crash analysis. Medium size passenger car is modeled for finite element analysis. Total 24 side collision configurations, four different speed and six different angle, are set up for making side collision database. Deformation index and degree index are built up for each collision case. Deformation index is a kind of deformation estimate averaging displacement of side door of crashed car from finite element analysis result. Angle index is constructed measuring deformed angle of crashing car. There are two kinds of angle index, one is measured at driver's side and the other is measured at passenger's side. Also a collision analysis information in side of cars is used for giving a basis for scientific and practical reason in a reconstruction of the car accident. The analysis program, LS-DYNA3D is utilized for finite element analysis program for a collision analysis. Those database are used for side collision reconstruction. Side collision reconstruction algorithm is developed, and applied to find the collision conditions before the accident occurs. Three example collision cases are tried to check the effectiveness of the algorithm. Deformation index and angle index is extracted for the case from the analysis result. Deformation index is compared to the established database, and estimated collision speed and angle are introduced by interpolation function. Angle index is used to select a specific collision condition from the several available conditions. The collision condition found by reconstruction algorithm shows good match with original condition within 10% error for speed and angle. As a result, the calculation from the reconstruction of the situation is reproducing the situation well. The performance in this study can be used in many ways for practical field using deformation index and degree index. Other different collision situations may be set up for extending the scope of this study in the future.

An Experimental Study on the Deformation Analysis and Automotive Body Repair in Automobile Frame Deformation according to Collision Types (충돌형태에 따른 자동차 프레임 변형시 변형분석 및 차체수리에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Kwon, Yung-Shin;Kim, Tae-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.22-31
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    • 2002
  • In present study, the deformation analysis and automotive body repair were analyzed with respect to collision types by case studies. As a result, lots of data for the automobile frame deformation caused by collision were collected and analyzed according to collision types. It was shown from the result that the frame deformation patterns were able to be roughly grouped by collision positions of vehicles. Repair plans of deformed frames could be carried on the measured data. It was shown that the deformed vehicle frames were sufficienty repaired to be normal in driving characteristics from the performance test of repaired vehicles.

Three-dimensional Crush Measurement Methodologies Using Two-dimensional Data (2차원 데이터를 활용한 3차원 충돌 변형 측정 방법)

  • Han, Inhwan;Kang, Heejin;Park, Jong-Chan;Ha, Yongmin
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.254-262
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    • 2015
  • This paper presents 3D collision deformation modelling methodologies using photogrammetry for reconstruction of vehicle accidents. A vehicle's deformation shape in collision provides important information on how the vehicle collided. So effective measurement(scanning) and construction of a corresponding appropriate model are essential in the analysis of collision deformation shape for obtaining much information related to collision accident. Two measurement methods were used in this study: Indirect-photogrammetry which requires relatively small amount of photos or videos, and direct-photogrammetry which requires large amount of photos directly taken for the purpose of 3D modelling. When the indirect-photogrammetry method, which was mainly used in this study, lacked enough photographic information, already secured 2D numerical deformation data was used as a compensation. This made 3D collision deformation modelling for accident reconstruction analysis possible.

The Derivation of Simplified Vehicle Body Stiffness Equation Using Collision Analysis (자동차 충돌해석에 의한 단순화된 차체 강성 방정식의 유도)

  • 장인식;채덕병
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.177-185
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    • 2000
  • The deformation characteristics is one of the major factors to resume the crash configuration in collision accident reconstruction. Crash analysis are carried out using finite element method and body stiffness equations representing force-deformation relationship are derived, Two different crash conditions : 1) frontal barrier impact 2) frontal impact between cars are given for the derivation of the equations. The stiffness coefficient of equation by method 2) is larger than that by method. 1). Crash analysis between two vehicles is accomplished with three crash angles and three velocities for each angle condition. The deformations are measured for six selected points and deformation energies are calculated using the derived equations. Equation by method 2) results in better estimation of deformation energy than that by method 1) for all crush configurations. The estimated energies can be utilized as one of indices to identify the type of the collision accident result.

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Collision Behaviors Analysis of Sandwich Concrete Panel for Outer Shell of LNG Tank (LNG외조를 구성하는 샌드위치 콘크리트 패널의 충돌거동해석)

  • Lee, Gye Hee
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.485-493
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    • 2017
  • In this study, the collision analysis of SCP(Sandwich Concrete Panel) composing the outer tank of LNG storage was performed and its collision behavior was analyzed. For the same collision energy value proposed in BS7777 code, the collision conditions are composed by using two types of missiles and various collision speeds. Nonlinear dynamic analysis models were constructed to perform numerical analysis on the various collision conditions. Also, the collision behavior was analyzed assuming that the second collision with the same collision energy occurs at the same point after the first collision. As a result of the analysis, it was found that with smaller missile and low collision speed had caused larger deformation. The collision energy dissipated in ratio of about 6: 4 in the outer steel plate and the inner filling concrete. In the results of double collision analysis, the final collisional deformation was dominated by the size of the second missile, and the amount of deformation due to the second collision was smaller than that of the first collision because of the membrane behavior of the steel plates. In the offset double collision cases, the largest deformation occurs at the secondary collision point regardless of the offset distance.

Modeling Method for the Force and Deformation Curve of Energy Absorbing Structures to Consider Initial Collapse Behaviour in Train Crash (열차 충돌에너지 흡수구조의 초기붕괴특성을 고려하기 위한 하중-변형 곡선 모델링 방법)

  • Kim, Joon-Wo;Koo, Jeong-Seo;Lim, Jong-Soon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.116-126
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    • 2010
  • The Korean rolling stock safety regulation stipulates that the collision deceleration of a car body should be maintained under average 5g and maximum 7.5g during train collisions. One-dimensional dynamic model of a full rake train, which is made up of nonlinear springs/bars-dampers-masses, is often used to estimate the collision decelerations of car bodies in a basic design stage. By the way, the previous studies have often used some average force-deformation curve for energy absorbing structures in rolling stock. Through this study, we intended to analyse how much the collision deceleration levels are influenced by the initial peak force modeling in the one-dimensional force-deformation curve. The numerical results of the one-dimensional dynamic model for the Korean High-Speed Train show that the initial peak force modeling gives significant effect on the collision deceleration levels. Therefore the peak force modeling of the force-deformation curve should be considered in one-dimensional dynamic model of a full rake train to evaluate the article 16 of the domestic rolling stock safety regulations.

Enhanced FFD-AABB Collision Algorithm for Deformable Objects

  • Jeon, JaeHong;Choi, Min-Hyung;Hong, Min
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.713-720
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    • 2012
  • Unlike FEM (Finite Element Method), which provides an accurate deformation of soft objects, FFD (Free Form Deformation) based methods have been widely used for a quick and responsive representation of deformable objects in real-time applications such as computer games, animations, or simulations. The FFD-AABB (Free Form Deformation Axis Aligned Bounding Box) algorithm was also suggested to address the collision handling problems between deformable objects at an interactive rate. This paper proposes an enhanced FFD-AABB algorithm to improve the frame rate of simulation by adding the bounding sphere based collision test between 3D deformable objects. We provide a comparative analysis with previous methods and the result of proposed method shows about an 85% performance improvement.

An Analysis of Factors Affecting Severity of Elderly Driver in Frontal Collision (정면충돌에서 노인운전자의 중증도에 영향을 주는 요인 분석)

  • Jeon, Hyeok-Jin
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.139-144
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    • 2019
  • The increase in the elderly population also increased the damage and deaths of the elderly drivers. However, studies on the severity and severity of the elderly driver are not actively conducted and the factors are unknown. In this study, I tried to find out the factors affecting the damage and severity of the elderly driver in the frontal collision and to utilize them additionally in the severity classification. Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) Code was used to check the extent of damage to the vehicle. Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) was used to determine the injury parts and severity of injury, and the Injury Severity Score (ISS) to confirm the severity of the patient. The odds ratios of severe injury patients were found to be 7.381 in the subjects with 5 or more deformation extent and the ${\beta}$ value of the deformation extent was 0.453 in the analysis of the severity by linear regression analysis. Therefore, the degree of deformation extent of 5 or more can be suggested as a criterion that can be used additionally to the severity classification in the elderly driver.

Impact Analysis of a plate structures Employing Hertzian Contact Theory (Hertz 접촉 이론을 이용한 평판 구조물의 충돌 해석)

  • Lim, Hong-Seok;Yoo, Hong-Hee
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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    • 2008.04a
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    • pp.383-388
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    • 2008
  • A modeling method for the impact analysis of plate structures employing Hertzian contact theory is presented in this paper. Since local deformation as well as bending deflection of the plate occurs due to the collision, it has to be considered for the impact analysis. When the coefficient of restitution is employed for the impact analysis, the local deformation is not considered. For more accurate and reliable impact analysis, however, the local deformation should be considered. The effects of the location of collision and the collision mass on the impact duration time and the contact force magnitude are investigated through numerical studies employing Hertzian contact theory.

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