• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.133-157
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• 2000

This paper deals with the social system from the point of system thinking consisting the fundamental construct of system dynamics. The Bertalanffy's general system theory, having been criticized because of its ambiguity, and the complex science theory, emerging system theory, are integrated by using the system thinking which is characterized with three concepts, 'feedback thinking', 'dynamic thinking', 'operational thinking'. In the integration, system thinking suggests the dynamic pattern of the social system have not only an equilibrium status but also complex status. The science of complexity gives an implication to system dynamics the important of the uncertainty and complexity if we interpret the social system as an open system. To show more concrete description, I simulate the cooperation model based on the iterated prisoner dilemma. The simulation results show the diverse patterns of cooperation and betrayal. Especially the sensitivity of initial payoff will cause the chaotic strategic landscapes as the game gose on. These results mean that we should not give the hasty prescription to control social system artificially. Because social system retains the self-organizing force in itself.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.66-74
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze work complexity, critical thinking disposition, and the degree of intuition for nurse practitioners and determine the associations among the variables. 150 nurses at hospitals and general hospitals in D City participated in this study and data collection was performed from June 15 to July 8, 2017. The data were processed by using SPSS WIN 24.0 to estimate the mean, standard deviation and Pearson's correlation coefficient and perform one-way ANOVA. They scored $2.33{\pm}.45$ for work complexity, $3.58{\pm}.36$ for critical thinking disposition, and $2.69{\pm}.52$ for intuition. Work complexity differed significantly by age (F=4.55, p=.012), education (F=11.61, p=<.001), department (F=26.69, p=<.001), and clinical career (F=4.30, p=.006) among their general characteristics. Critical thinking disposition differed significantly by education (F=5.25, p=.006) and position (F=5.35, p=.006) and differed statistically insignificantly by intuition. Work complexity was positively correlated with critical thinking disposition (r=.323, p=<.001) and intuition (r=.201, p=.013) and no significant correlation was found between critical thinking disposition and intuition (r=.033, p=.685). On the basis of these results, it is necessary to develop education and programs that can allow nurses who regard nursing work as complex to improve their critical thinking disposition and intuition.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.241-251
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• 2003

The rapidly changing environment have forced organizations to improve systems thinking capability to coordinate diverse activities across cross-functional business areas necessarily involving group decision-making processes. Although many approaches have been introduced to enable the collaborative processes of group decision-making, they often lack features supporting the dynamic complexity issues. The study proposes system dynamics modeling based on simulation techniques to improve systems thinking capability in group decision-making context.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.123-134
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• 2019

In this paper, we articulate what is a lesson for all learners with different cognitive levels and what kind of teaching practices are required to implement this type of lesson. For all learners' own sense-making, open-ended tasks are the primary sources to bring their various mathematical ideas. These tasks can be meaningfully implemented by appropriate teaching practices: providing enough time (for thinking deeply and for preparing a reply), acting intentionally (alternative wrapping up activities and appointment of a struggling student), and cultivating collaborative classroom norms (respecting peer's thinking and learning from peers). This exploratory study has the potential to help practitioners and researchers understand the complexity of the work of teaching and clarify how to deal with such complexity.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

The target of design is a harmony between Beauty and Usefulness. Design is a result from representation of visual language by designer's creative thinking system. also, As an ill-defined problem cannot be described completely. and subjectively interpret depend on the situation, it is very difficult to present a theoretical standard. There have been many Design Sciences researches in recent years. such as Rule Based Design, Parametric Design, Replacement Design, Analogy Design, Metaphor Design, Genetic Algorithm. but Objective research is still unsatisfactory condition to investigate true nature about Design. At this point, It is very important to formulating about meaning of Design Language and Thinking. This study will define about that, and based on this definition, Lay out a logical basis for Treatment design variable and materialization of process by "Elements", "Relationship", "Schema". ultimately it look forward to provide a framework and minimize the complexity about Design Thinking.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2010

This study introduces the construct of meta-parenting or a superordinate category of effortful cognition, including anticipation, assessment, reflection and problems. Also, it aims to analyse meta-parenting in terms of demographic variables and investigate how it relates to other cognitions on parenting and parenting behaviors. One hundred seventy three mothers of preschool children were surveyed on Hawk's (2007) Meta-Parenting, Sameroff and Feil's (1985) Concepts of Development, Stipek, Danniels, Galluzzo, & Milburn's (1992) Activities Sub-scales. They also commented on their views of appropriate methods of child-rearing and the starting age of extra-curricula activity and the number of extra-curricula activities. The main results were as follows: Mothers showed the highest score on assessment followed by anticipation, reflection and problems while these four components of meta-parenting were highly correlated to each other. Among demographic variables, only the mothers' age and education were linked to some component of meta-parenting. Meta-parenting was correlated with complexity of thinking but not with views on appropriate methods of child-rearing. Also, meta-parenting was associated with formal and informal activities at home and the beginning time of providing the extra-curricula activity with the total number of extra-curricula activities provided at present.

• Archives of design research
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• v.21
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• pp.1-12
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• 1997

This research is that it could use a theory from a .cognitive science, making a hypothesis to explain the thingking steps of designing, adapting the problem solving of the design from knowledge of a cognitive science, to meet the possiblity which it can be developed the new way of the thinking. Design is a field where it needs a complexity with hi-brain activities. And cognitive science is a science which it study human brain activities. However, it is also quite possible to bo adaped over all design by linking with design and cognitive science. I explaned the ideation of the thinking steps on this study by the knowledge of cognitive science, to observe to be possible. I found out the new ways of possibilities from design thinking process. It is a result that I've been interpretated the design process and the thinking process out of the theory of knowledge structure.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.446-453
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• 2008

All are organizations embedded, here in after, Em-organizaion that confronts the ever-growing complexity. It is important to know Em-organization through Individual Mastery. The complexity must be decreased, and clarified in order to derive to get our ontology from the influence of others. The opportunity to learn in practice is embedded in processes that the community developed. Driving strategic innovation is achieving breakthrough performance throughout the value chain. We used to express complex unit on matrix which includes only the federal statutes because the role of information technology should be a source of competitive advantages each other. Therefore, we got the idea that integrated both kinds of knowledge to create differentiation by ourselves. This practice is situated the learning of Strategic CoP in e-class seminar of our graduate school. We suggest theoretically two things. One is matrix-based decision. Another is creating new context through systems thinking.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.173-184
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• 2004

E-Government security is crucial to the development of e-government. Due to the complexity and characteristics of e-government security, the viable current approaches for security focus on preventing the network intrusion or misusing in advanced and seldom concern of the forensics data attaining for the investigation after the network attack or fraud. We discuss the method for resolving the problem of the e-government security from the different side of view - network forensics approaches? from the thinking of the active protection or defense for the e-government security, which can also improve the ability of emergence response and incident investigation for e-government security.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the self-leadership and the cognitive flexibility of the university students who are majoring in dance to provide useful information in the field of dance instruction. Participants were the students majoring in dance who are enrolled in the dance department of the four-year universities nationwide and 282 data have been used for the final analysis. The analytical method for verification of hypothesis was multiple regression analysis to be performed at a significance level of ${\alpha}$=.05. As the result, the following conclusions have been gained. First, the constructive thinking pattern among the sub-factors of self-leadership had a positive influence on the flexibility of preferred varieties which is a sub-factor of cognitive flexibility. However, the behavior-oriented and natural reward self-leadership did not have influence on the diversity preferred flexibility. Second, the natural reward and constructive thinking pattern among the sub-factors of self-leadership have positive influence on the flexibility of preferred complexity which is a sub-factor of cognitive flexibility while the constructive thinking pattern flexibility was shown as exercising a very powerful influence. But the behavior-oriented self-leadership did not have influence on the flexibility of preferred complexity.