• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.871-880
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the socio-demographic factors and the Korean consumers’ palatability evaluation and to collect the sensory information for development of prediction palatability model of Hanwoo beef. Ten cuts〔Abjin (short plate), Bosup (top sirloin), Cheggt (striploin), Dngsim (loin), Guri (chuck tender), Hongduke (eye of round), Moksim (chuck roll), Sulgit (bottom round), Udoon (top round), Yangi (brisket)〕 were separated from 10 Hanwoo bulls beef(～24 months old) and prepared with the same manner for 3 different cooking methods such as boiling, grilling and roasting. The cooked beef samples were served to 650 consumers recruited from Seoul, Joongbu, Honam and Youngnam locations and evaluated tenderness, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptability. The living location, age, gender, occupation, eating habit and cut were significantly related with the sensory properties when bull beef were cooked as boiled cooking(p<0.05). In grill cooking, only occupation, income and cut had the significant effect on the overall acceptability of Hanwoo bull beef(p<0.01). When bull beef were cooked as Korean traditional roast cooking, consumer’s sensory properties were significantly different by the living location, age, occupation, income, eating habit of consumers and cut(p<0.05). Also, results from the principal component analysis showed that palatability scores of Korean consumers were decided with different contribution scores of tenderness, juiciness, flavor and overall acceptability of cut depending on cooking methods. In conclusion, Korean consumers’ palatability for Hanwoo bull beef were related with the socio-demographic factors and the sensory results were different by cut and cooking methods.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.997-1006
• /
• 2008

Four different spices (herbs) including rosemary, oregano, basil & sage and green tea were added individually to the ground pork or ground chicken with different percentages of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5, respectively. The consumer sensory qualities of the five natural herbs and their antioxidant effects were evaluated using pork- and chicken-Yukwonjeon. In our consumer sensory evaluation, the 0.5% herb addition and control groups had generally better acceptability than the higher addition groups. In particular, pork-Yukwonjeon with the addition of 0.5% of green tea or oregano and chicken-Yukwonjeon with the addition of 0.5% of green tea or rosemary 0.5% were generally preferred more profoundly on the acceptance and ranking tests. However, sensory differences, especially in texture, among the different samples were reduced after storage. With regard to the results of lipid oxidation without storage, the TBARS values of the herb addition groups were slightly lower than those of the control group, but not significantly so (p>0.05). The antioxidant effects of each herb achieved higher values at longer storage times and with higher levels of added herbs. The antioxidant effects differed with different kinds of meat. The addition of the herb samples resulted in TBARS value reductions of $15.0{\sim}45.8%$ and $9.5{\sim}31.0%$, respectively, in the pork and chicken-Yukwonjeon stored at $6^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, the antioxidant effects of herbs during storage at $-20^{\circ}C$ were observed as reducing in the TBARS values of $8.4{\sim}31.7%$ and $19.0{\sim}33.0%$ in the pork-and chicken-Yukwonjeon, respectively. Green tea evidenced the highest levels of antioxidant activity on lipid oxidation, as it was acceptable even at higher concentrations according to our sensory evaluations. These results illustrate the possibility of producing superior Yukwongen with green tea and herbs, according to the different kinds of meat used.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.351-360
• /
• 2002

The Korean fresh pork loins in vacuum packaged were obtained from three different Korean export companies and investigated for microbiological and sensory properties. The fresh pork loins were stored at 2$^{\circ}C$ for 50 days and analyzed with an interval of 5$\sim$10 days. The results were as follows: The overall numbers of total plate counts and coliform bacteria were higher in swab method than in meat sampling method. The total plate counts in the loins from the company I were maintained low levels ($\prec$10$^5$ cfu/$cm^2$ or $\prec$10$^5$ cfu/g) for entire storage periods(50 days at 2$^{\circ}C$), whereas the loins from the company III had high levels when they were compared to the domestic standard for the allowance limit. The samples from the company III showed that total plate counts were over 106 after about 30 days when determined by meat sampling method and total plate counts were over 106 after 15 days when determined by swab method. The overall numbers of coliform bacteria were also significantly lowest in the samples from the company I, whereas they were highest in the company III. Therefore, all meat companies will have to make an effort to prevent bacterial contamination in each stage such as slaughtering, marketing and consumer in order to ensure the production of safe meat and the extension of shelf-life. For fresh products, scores of intramuscular fat were higher in samples form the companies II and III than those from the company I when visibly evaluated with the standard. There were no significant differences in scores of meat color, drip and fresh meat flavor. However, the samples from the company I had the lowest score of off-flavor and highest score of overall acceptability. For cooked products, there were no significant differences in meat flavor, off-flavor, juiciness and overall acceptability.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.644-649
• /
• 1998

To investigate the fermentation characteristics of Kimchi which was made at $12{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and stored at $17{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, pH, total acid, total microbes, lactic acid bacteria cell count, dissolved $CO_2$content, reducing sugars and temperature at the center of Kimchi jar were measured and to know how much Japanese like to have Korean traditional Kimchi, Kimchi samples with 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0% salt contents were prepared and surved to panelist at $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. Sensory evaluation of Kimchi in terms of appearance, texture, carbonated mouthfeel, salty taste, sour taste, peppery taste and overall acceptability was done by scoring system with maximum 7 points and was analyzed statistically by SAS program. The results of fermentation of Kimchi which was made at $12{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and stored at $17{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;and\;4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ were as follows: pH and total acid content of Kimchi which was stored at $17{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 4 days were almost same as those of Kimchi at $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 48 days. Cell counts of total microbes and lactic acid bacteria in Kimchi which was stored at $17{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 2 days and at $4{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;for\;9\;days\;were\;1.5{\times}10^9\;cells/mL\;and\;6.3{\times}10^8\;cells/mL,\;2.0{\times}10^8\;cells/mL\;and\;8.7{\times}10^7\;cells/mL$, respectively. Time and temperature at the center of Kimchi jar during fermentation was took 25 and 35 hours to get to $17^{\circ}C\;and\;4^{\circ}C$ from initial temperature, respectively. Japanese who had experiences in eating Kimchi liked Korean traditional Kimchi with 2.0% of salt content. Sensory evaluation of Japanese consumer on peppery taste and overall acceptability of Kimchi showed significant difference (P<0.05).

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.276-285
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop a new fermented product (named as Cheonggeumjang) using Sigumjang, Cheonggukjang and Oak mushroom. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Sigumjang, Cheonggukjang, and Cheonggeumjang, which were mixed in a different ratio as A (Sigumjang: Cheonggukjang = 1:2), B (Sigumjang: Cheonggukjang = 1:1) and C (Sigumjang: Cheonggukjang = 2 : 1). Then, the functions and physicochemical properties of products were investigated. We found that the crude protein content in Cheonggeumjang was higher than in Sigumjang whereas fat and calories content was less than that of Cheonggukjang. Free sugar content in Cheonggeumjang C 5.8681 g/100g was the highest. Moroever, Cheonggeumjang C and Sigumjang has an antioxidant activities. The electron donating capacity, SOD like activity and the inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase of these two were significantly high than other group. Fat rancidity is promoted in the presence of metal ion, Cheonggeumjang group has higher inhibitory effect on $Fe^{2+}$ion than on $Cu^{2+}$ ion. The rancidity of fat is also increased by reactive oxygens species, Cheonggeumjang group inhibited $H_2O_2$ in higher extent than $KO_2$. Also, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity of Cheonggeumjang C in all of the concentrations (300 ppm, 500 ppm and 700 ppm) is higher than other groups. In sensory evaluation, Cheonggeumjang C groups is ranked significantly higher than the other groups while considering color, flavor, taste and the overall acceptability. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that Cheonggeumjang is best ingredient for increasing the consumer acceptability and functionality.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.154-160
• /
• 2020

Physical and sensory characteristics of commercial yogurts are important aspects for consumer acceptability. In addition, beneficial functions of commercial yogurts are also emphasized for the probiotic dairy products. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional properties of yogurts with the combination of bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici. Yogurts fermented with commercial starter culture (control yogurt) and control yogurt together with P. acidilactici HW01 (yogurt+HW01), P. acidilactici JM01 (yogurt+JM01), or P. acidilactici K10 (yogurt+K10) were prepared. During 28 days after fermentation, the viability of lactic acid bacteria, pH, and brix, in the yogurt samples were assessed with standard methods. Moreover, to investigate the antilisterial activity of the yogurt samples, Listeria monocytogenes was simultaneously inoculated when the yogurts were prepared with lactic acid bacteria, and the viability of L. monocytogenes was determined. Although yogurt+K10 did not completely remove L. monocytogenes, control yogurt, yogurt+HW01, and yogurt+JM01 eradicated L. monocytogenes at day 2 after fermentation. However, yogurt+K10 also removed L. monocytogenes at day 3 after fermentation. Taken together, these findings suggest that the combination of yogurt with P. acidilactici does not affect its quality and they may consequently aid in the development of new probiotic yogurt.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.24-36
• /
• 2016

This study investigated the quality characteristics of Haengbyung using dry rice flour added with various amounts (0, 20, 40, 60%) of raw and steamed apricot juice. The moisture contents, color values, pH, texture and sensory evaluation(attribute difference and acceptance) for the samples were tested. The moisture content (p<0.001) and pH(p<0.001) of the Haengbyung significantly decreased with the increase of apricot juice. As for the color of the Haengbyung samples, the higher percentage of the apricot juice showed the lower L-value (p<0.001), and higher a-value(p<0.001) and b-value(p<0.001). Texture profile analysis of Haengbyung samples showed that hardness(p<0.001) and gumminess(p<0.001) increased, while adhesiveness(p<0.001) and cohesiveness(p<0.05) decreased with increasing amounts of apricot juice. An attribute difference test of Haengbyung samples showed that appearance(apricot color(p<0.001) and dryness(p<0.001)), flavor(sour(p<0.001), acerbic (p<0.001), and green fruit(p<0.001)), and taste(sour(p<0.001), acerbic(p<0.001), and astringent(p<0.05) as increased as apricot juice amounts increased. The control and Haengbyung sample with 20% of apricot juice (both raw and steamed) showed the highest acceptance in taste, texture, and overall acceptability in consumer ranking testing.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.929-940
• /
• 2014

In this study, we assessed the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of cookies containing various concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) of Aloe vera powder(AVP). To analyze quality characteristics, density and pH of dough, spread factor, moisture content, color(L, a, b), hardness, total polyphenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and sensory properties were measured. Density of the dough, spread factor, moisture content, a and b value, total polyphenol content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the cookies significantly increased with increasing content of AVP, whereas pH and L value and hardness of the cookies significantly decreased. The results of sensory evaluation showed that cookies made with 2 and 6% AVP did not significantly differ from the control. From the sensory evaluation test, cookies with 4% of AVP were the best except in appearance among all the samples studied. Therefore the result of this study suggest that AVP is a good ingredient for increasing the consumer acceptability and antioxidant activity of cookies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.7
• /
• pp.1191-1201
• /
• 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical-nutritional parameters, oxidative stability and volatile profile of eggs and cakes made with eggs from laying hens fed with a dietary supplementation of extruded linseed. Methods: Two thousand ISA Warren laying hens were randomly divided into two groups: a control group was fed with a standard diet while the experimental group received the same diet supplemented with 7% of extruded linseed. The trial lasted 84 days, in which three samplings of laid eggs were performed. Samples of eggs and food systems arising from eggs were then analyzed in order to obtain information about β-carotene and total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation, and volatile profile. Results: Linseed induced the increase of α-linolenic acid with consequent reduction of the ω-6/ω-3 ratio (4.3:1 in egg yolk); in addition to this, was evidenced the cholesterol reduction and the significant increase in total flavonoids and β-carotene, although no variations were detected in antioxidant capacity. Even in cooked products there was not only a direct effect of linseed in increasing α-linolenic acid, but also in inducing the reduction of cholesterol and its major oxidation product, 7-ketocholesterol. The dietary linseed integration was also shown to affect the volatile profile of baked products. Conclusion: Data confirmed that dietary supplementation with extruded linseed resulted in food products with interesting implications for human health. With regard to the volatile profile of baked products it would be necessary undertake further sensorial analysis in order to evaluate any variations on flavor and consumer acceptability.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.66-72
• /
• 2007

Yam has been recognized as healthy food due to its various biological activities, such as anti-obesity, antimicrobial, anticancer and immune-stimulation activities. In this study, antibacterial activities of 800 more natural plant extracts against yam-putrefactive psychrotrophic bacterium, Pseudomonas rhodesiae YAM-12, were evaluated to select a natural preservative, which is useful to long-term storage of yam and fresh-cut production. Finally, the clove oil was selected, and applied for the production of yam fresh-cut. The 1% of clove oil treated fresh-cut showed minor color changes during 31 days storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and the microbial growth was not detected. When the artificially contaminated fresh cut by dipping with P. rhodesiae YAM-12 suspension for 3 min was treated 1% clove oil, the microbial growth was identified to $10^4$ CFU/g from $10^3$ CFU/g with minor color changes. Whereas, treatment of sterilized water, or 100 ppm NaOCl into artificially contaminated fresh cut showed severe putrefaction $(10^8\;CFU/g)$ and color changes. Considering the previous reports that clove oil has antimicrobial, antioxidation, and antithrombosis activity, the use of clove oil into the yam fresh cut will provide market safety and consumer acceptability by prevention of microbial putrefaction and its biological activity.