• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.589-595
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• 2011

In order to analyze principles of taking concoction and make clear the origin of contraindication against five pungent vegetables, the regulations of Guizhitang prescription in "Shanghanlun" the twelfth article and "Wushierbingfang", "Wuweihandaiyijian", "Jinguiyaolue" were researched. Four principles of taking concoction were put in order; strengthening the effect of concoction by eating hot rice gruel and wearing bedclothes, preventing decline of drug effect by food regulations, optimization of elution and effect of material herbs by crushing, low heating, determination of administration time based on manifestations of drug effect by sweating and its aspect. These principles and methods of taking concoctions were developed from boiling to simple processing of material herbs, contraindication in the middle of taking concoction and perspiration by wearing bedclothes and eating hot rice gruel in order from the analysis of medical literatures. The contraindication against pungent vegetables were generalized in early Dong-Han dynasty already, and the five pungent vegetables were inferred as Allium tuberosum, Allium bakeri regel, spring onion, wild rocambole and garlic in medical context to the exclusion of religious idea. The reason of prohibition against five pungent vegetables could be interpreted as optimization of therapeutic effects by pharmacological control of pungent ingredients because the healthy qi damage and evil qi retention were resulted from destroying of harmonious ying and wei by overeating pungent vegetables during disease state. Conclusively the regulations of Guizhitang prescription referred to taking concoction in "Shanghanlun" fulfilled their functions to maximize pharmacological effects through various ways inside and outside and these reasonal principles of taking concoction has been influenced over the traditional medical practice deeply.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1218-1220
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• 1992

Pneumonectomy on a patient with documented poor pulmonary function indicating a contraindication to surgery can be associated with a high risk of serious postoperative morbidity or mortality. However the usual criterias, on the performance of a pneumonectomy on a high risk patient based on the preoperative assessment of the pulmonary function may not sometimes predict with accuracy the operative outcome in the postoperative period. We recently performed pneumonectomy with good results on a patient with poor pulmonary function that would otherwise have been an absolute contraindication to surgery by usual criteria.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.133-136
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• 2005

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this report is to inform readers of the important aspects of about acupuncture and the process of Hwangjenaegyeong Yongchu. Methods : We researched the word 'acupuncture' through Hwangjenaegyeong Youngchu. We formed three categories according to the meanings of the key aspects of acupuncture in each sentence. Results : In Hwangjenaegyeong Youngchu, the meanings of the key aspects of acupuncture (刺鍼之要) are follows : 1. The key aspect of acupuncture(刺鍼之要) is to control Gi & Sin(調氣治神). 2. Before administering acupuncture, a doctor must know Meridian, acu-points, contraindication of nature, Bo-sa acupuncture(補瀉), Deug Gi(得氣), the role of the acupuncture needle(官鍼), the number of the needle, Gi & condition of patients, and pulse diagnosis. 3. For acupuncture, there are several things to be aware of : contraindication of acupuncture, deleteriousness of acupuncture, acu-points, and Bo-sa acupuncture(補瀉).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.92-95
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• 2006

Objective : Severe vertebral body collapse [vertebra plana] is considered a contraindication to vertebroplasty by most authors. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of vertebroplasty in treating severe compression fracture patients with osteoporosis. Methods : 16 patients underwent 18 vertebroplasties following postural reduction for vertebra plana. The fractures were defined vertebrae that have collapsed to more than 75% of their original height. Imaging and clinical features were analyzed, including involved vertebrae level, vertebral height after postural reduction for 2 days, injected cement volume, clinical outcome and complications. Results : Involved veretebra were located from level T7 to L4. Vertebral body collapse averaged 79% [range $12{\sim}25%$] of the original height. After pillow reduction for 2 days, vertebral body height increased 35% of the original height [range $15{\sim}45%$]. The kyphotic wedge was $12^{\circ}$ before procedure and was decreased $7.0^{\circ}$ after vertebroplasty. The mean injected cement volume was 3.8ml [range $2.0{\sim}4.9ml$]. After the procedure, surgical outcome was excellent in 8 [50%] of 16 patients, good in 7 [42%] and unchanged in one [8%]. The mean pain score [VAS score] prior to vertebroplasty was 8.3 and it changed 3.2 after the procure. Cement leakage to the adjacent disc [5 cases] and paravertebral soft tissues [4 cases] developed but there were no major complications. Conclusion : We propose that vertebra plana due to osteoporosis is not a contraindication to vertebroplasty. Vertebroplasty following postural reduction for severe compression fracture is safe and effective treatment.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2011

Objectives : Contradictions for Oncology acupuncture were searched and reviewed to establish fundamentals for the appropriate contraindication guideline. Methods : In order to search contraindications for oncology acupuncture, domestic journals, books and online database of Pubmed were searched using the terms, cancer, tumor, acupuncture, safety, contraindications and guideline were below. Results : We found 7 papers and 1 book by the above methods. We reviewed and suggested the contraindications. Contraindications for oncology acupuncture are neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count : ANC less than $500/mm^3$), thrombocytopenia (platelets less than $50,000/mm^3$), anticoagulant use, spinal instability, tumour nodule, lymphedema, prosthesis, intracranial deficits, confused patients, significant arrhythmia, patient refusal to treatment, severe neurotic patients and intracardiac defribillator. Contraindications for using semi-permanent needles are neutropenia (ANC less than $500/mm^3$), splenectomy, valvular heart disease, B, C hepatitis and keloids. Conclusions : Acupuncture for cancer patients pose significant risks but these guidelines are proposed in the hopes of providing certain boundaries in practicing oncology acupuncture. A more systematic and rigorous research is needed to establish a more reliable oncology acupuncture guidelines.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2012

This study was to determine the inappropriate drug use in pediatric outpatients who received 2 or more prescriptions on the same day. Retrospective drug utilization reviews (DURs) were implemented to samples obtained from national health insurance claims data during December 2008 to February 2009, using 5 DUR criteria (duplication, drug-drug interaction, drug-disease interaction, drug-age contraindication, incorrect dosage) established in the Drug Information Framework (DIF)-$Korea^{TM}$, DUR program. Among 38,451 claims analyzed in the study, 74.7% had more than one conflicts in the 5 DUR modules. Among 16,472 patients analyzed, 49.6% had conflicts with duplication criteria composing of ingredient duplication (23.3%) and therapeutic class duplication (39.6%). Incorrect dosages were found in 73.6% of patients and under-dosage conflicts accounted for 59.9%, which was higher than over-dosage conflicts (38.3%). In this study, inappropriate drug prescriptions such as under-dose, pediatric contraindication and therapeutic duplication were prevalent in pediatric outpatient settings, suggesting much more awareness to the society, to prevent drug related problems in a vulnerable pediatric group.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2013

Objectives : The present study examines indications and treatment techniques of Chuna manual therapy. Methods : We searched the clinical studies on Chuna manual therapy through 5 korean web databases, 2 journals.(key word 'chuna') After selecting appropriate clinical studies(Bongchuna, massage, side effect, contraindication are excepted), we analyzed them according to diseases, Chuna techniques, type of clinical trials. Results : 101 studies are selected and analyzed. They studied about cervical(26%), thoracic(12%), lumbar (29%)spinal disorders, temporomandibular joint disorders(4%), pelvic region disorders(4%), upper(6%), lower extremity(5%) disorders and other diseases(15%). Spinal disorders are studied frequently. Mild techniques like supine position both hand cervical spine flexion distraction, JS supine position cervical spine distraction, flexion distraction technique are used more frequently than adjustment by thrust. Conclusions : We have to enhance education and training about techniques that are frequently used and studied. Research and improvement of infrequently used techniques are needed. In-depth research about side effects and contraindication is needed. Highquality clinical research and systematic review should be needed to prove the therapeutic effect of Chuna treatment.

• 한국임상약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.198-198
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• 2007

• Journal of The Korean Radiological Technologist Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.20-20
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• 1999

Purpose : Cochlear implant poses a contraindication to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) process, because MRI generates artifacts, inducing an electrical current and causing device magnetization. CT is relatively expensive and the metal electrodes scat