• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.197-207
• /
• 1992

Fatigue life and penetration behavior were examined analytically by variety of initial front face crack length and initial crack depth. The fatigue crack shape before penetration is almost semielliptical, and the aspect ratio by calculation using the Newman-Raju's formula is smaller than the value obtained by the experiment. It is found that the crack growth behavior on the back surface after penetration is unique and can be divided into three stage a, b and c. By using the K value proposed by the authors, particular crack growth behavior and the change in crack shape can be evaluated quantitatively. It is found that fatigue life and penetration behavior were more dependent on initial front face crack length than initial crack depth.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 1987

Fatigue tests by axial loading (R = 0.05) were carried out to investigate fatigue crack growth characteristics of small surface cracks in 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo steel at room temperature by using flat specimens with a small artificial pit. All the data of the fatigue crack growth rate obtained in the present test are determined as a function of the stress intensity factor range about a semi-elliptical crack, so that the application of linear fracture mechanics to the surface fatigue crack growth and to the fatigue crack growth into depth, and all the data obtained from tests were discussed in comparison with the data of Type 304 stainless steel and two type of mild steel under the same test conditions. The obtained results are as follows: 1)When the cycle ratios are same, surface fatigue crack length and its depth are almost same and fall within a narrow scatter band in spite of different stress levels. 2)Relations of the surface fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) and fatigue crack growth rate into depth (db/dN) to its stress intensity factor range ($\Delta K_{Ia}, \Delta K_{Ib}$) can be plotted as a straight line at log-log diagram without dependence of stress level and coincide with the data of part-through crack in various steels.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2000

The modeling on uplift pressure on the foundation of a dam on which it was constructed, and on the interface between the dam and foundation is a critical aspect in the analysis of concrete gravity dams. The evaluation of stress intensity factor at the crack tip of concrete gravity dam due to uplift pressure effect by surface integral method is performed in this study. The effects of body force, overtopping pressure and water pressure on the crack-face are also considered in this study.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.450-460
• /
• 1996

To investigate the effect of stress wave propagation for crack tip, impact responses of two-dimensional plates with oblique cracks are investigated by a numerical method. In the numerical analysis, the finite element method is used in space domain discretization and the Newmark constant acceleration algorithm is used in time integration. According to the numerical results from the impact response analysis. it is found that the stress fields are bisected at the crack surface and the parts of stress intensity are moved along the crack face. The crack tip stress fields are yaried rapidly. The magnitude of crack tip stress fields are converted to dynamic stress intensity factor. Dynamic sress intensity factor appears when the stress wave has reached at the crack tip and the aspect of change of dynamic stress intensity factor is shown to be the same as the part of the flow of stress intensity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.106-117
• /
• 1992

In this study, the propagation behaviour and the closure phenomena of physically small surface cracks were investigated by the techinque of the Kikukawa-unloading elastic compliance method using a back face strain gage. The surface cracks initiated and propagated from notched specimens under constant amplitude bending load. The crack shape (aspect ratio) with approximately semi-circular at the early stage was changed to semi-elliptical as the cracks grew larger. The crack depth (a) could be expressed uniquenly by the crack length (c). The dependence of the crack propagation rate on the stress ratio R was strongly related in the lower ${\Delta}K$ range. The deceleration of the surface crack propagation rate was prominent in lower R during the crack length was small. When the propagation rate was rearranged with the effective stress intensity factor range ${\Delta}$K_{eff} the dependence of the crack propagation rate on the stress ratio R was found to be diminshed. These were caused by the crack closure phenomena that was most prominent at the lower propagation rate. The mechanism of crack closure phenomena was dominated by the plasticity-induced mechanism.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.131-145
• /
• 2009

Goryeong Yangjeondong Petroglyph on the joint face of the bedrock (6m in width, 3m in height) composed of the green sandstone has circles and shield pattern sculptures. The rock is mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, chlorite, illite and calcite with the clay minerals. These clay minerals occur as pore lining, replacement of component and pore fillings. Investigated the weathering aspects including the connection between soluble salt and rock weathering and the stability of the bedrock with petroglyphs. The Major deterioration aspect are grain peel-off, surface exfoliation, cracks and damage. And the bedrock where the joints and cracks advance is interpreted with the fact that has the possibility of the falling rock. For conservation, adhesive need to cover crack and damage and consolidation is necessary in the surface which becomes weak.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.16 no.6 s.84
• /
• pp.841-850
• /
• 2004

The modeling of uplift pressure within dam, on the foundation on which it was constructed, and on the interface between the dam and foundation is a critical aspect in the analysis of concrete gravity dams, i.e. crack stability in concrete dam can correctly be predicted when uplift pressures are accurately modelled. Current models consider a uniform uplift distribution, but recent experimental results show that it varies along the crack faces and the procedures for modeling uplift pressures are well established for the traditional hand-calculation methods, but this is not the case for finite element (FE) analysis. In large structures, such as dams, because of smaller size of the fracture process zone with respect to the structure size, limited errors should occur under the assumptions of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). In this paper, the fracture behaviour of concrete gravity dams mainly subjected to uplift Pressure at the crack face was studied. Triangular type, trapezoidal type and parabolic type distribution of the uplift pressure including uniform type were considered in case of evaluating stress intensity factor by surface integral method. The effects of body forces, overtopping pressures are also considered and a parametric study of gravity dams under the assumption of LEFM is performed.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2006

We measured mechanical properties, including Young's modulus, effective bending modulus and nominal fracture strength of nanohoneycomb structures using an Atomic Force Microscope(AFM) and a Nano-Universal Testing Machine(UTM). Anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) films are well suited as nanohoneycomb structures because of the simple fabrication process, high aspect ratio, self-ordered hexagonal pore structure, and simple control of pore dimensions. Bending tests were carried out for cantilever structures by pressing AFM tips, and the results were compared with three-point bending tests and tensile tests using a Nano-UTM. One side of the AAO films is clogged by harrier layers, and looks like a face material of conventional sandwich structures. Analysis of this layer showed that it did not influence the bending rigidity, and was just a crack tip. The present results can act as a design guideline in applications of nanohoneycomb structures.